Butterfly species richness in mainland Portugal: predictive models of geographic distribution patterns

This study relates patterns of butterfly abundance and species richness to position along an urban disturbance gradient in southeastern Ontario, Canada. Observed assemblages along the gradient (N = 15) included butterflies from the Papilionidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae, and Hesperiidae families. Of the total 26 observed species, 15 were noticeably absent from the disturbed sites. Butterfly assemblages had equal or higher number of individuals and species richness at moderately disturbed sites compared with the least disturbed sites. In relation to distribution patterns along the gradient, 28% of butterfly species were classified as disturbance adaptable and 58% as disturbance avoiders. These classifications were correlated with host-plant use and voltinism. Canonical correspondence analysis of local-scale data strongly associated disturbance avoiders with a specific environmental variable (e.g., Everes comyntas (Godart, 1824) with grasslands), whereas disturbance-adaptable species were weakly associated with any variable. One-time disturbances (i.e., mowing) during the survey resulted in pronounced changes in butterfly abundance and species composition at two sites, reducing species richness and total abundance by up to 80%. Species were patchily distributed along the gradient, suggesting that they respond differentially to disturbance in the landscape.

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Geographic distribution patterns of species of the subtribe Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernonieae)

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860202172072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

Author(s):

Fábio Vitalino Santos Alves ◽

Benoit Francis Patrice Loeuille

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Present Species ◽

Asymptotic Model ◽

Campos Rupestres ◽

Rock Outcrops ◽

Chapada Diamantina ◽

Espinhaço Range ◽

Research Bias

Abstract With 119 species distributed in 19 genera, most species of the subtribe Lychnophorinae are endemic to the Espinhaço Range in central eastern Brazil. This region is characterized especially by the campos rupestres, a grassland mosaic associated with vegetation on rock outcrops, which display a high level of endemism. The present work aims to identify distribution patterns, collection density, species richness and research bias in collections. Ten geographic distribution patterns were identified: Chapada Diamantina, Chapada dos Veadeiros and adjacent mountains, Pico da Aliança, Extension of the Espinhaço Range, Central-South Arc of Minas Gerais, Espinhaço Range and Brasília Arc, Campos Rupestres and Restinga, Chapada Diamantina and Caatinga, Northwest-Southeast Diagonal and East Triangle. Other Angiosperm families present similar distribution, mainly in the Espinhaço Meridional, where higher collecting efforts are present. Species richness is higher in sites with higher collection intensity, however, the northeast of Goiás shows the opposite pattern. Spearman correlation analysis shows a strong correlation between collection density and species richness, with an exponential asymptotic model that is quite significant for the total variation of species richness. The cluster analysis presented five clusters correlated with five distribution patterns in Lychnophorinae.

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Rarefaction approach to analyzing distribution patterns of species richness along altitudinal gradients: a case study with arborous species data

Biodiversity Science ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1003.2011.08015 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 581-588 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xing Kaixiong ◽

Kang Muyi ◽

Wang Qiang ◽

Duan Jin ◽

Dai Cheng

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Altitudinal Gradients

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Distribution Patterns and Climatic Explanations of Species Richness of Vascular Plants in Xinjiang, China

Arid Zone Research ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1148.2011.00025 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Li-ping LI ◽

Nurbay Abdusalih ◽

Shao-peng WANG ◽

Zhi-heng WANG ◽

Zhi-yao TANG

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Vascular Plants ◽

Distribution Patterns

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Marked Differences in Butterfly Assemblage Composition between Forest Types in Central Amazonia, Brazil

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12070942 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 942

Author(s):

Isabela Freitas Oliveira ◽

Fabricio Beggiato Baccaro ◽

Fernanda P. Werneck ◽

Thamara Zacca ◽

Torbjørn Haugaasen

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Forest Type ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

High Water ◽

Butterfly Species ◽

Terra Firme ◽

Central Amazonia ◽

Forested Areas ◽

Contrasting Habitats ◽

Seasonally Flooded

Amazonia comprises a mosaic of contrasting habitats, with wide environmental heterogeneity at local and regional scales. In central Amazonia, upland forest (terra firme) is the predominant forest type and seasonally flooded forests inundated by white- and black-water rivers (várzea and igapó, respectively) represent around 20% of the forested areas. In this work, we took advantage of a natural spatial arrangement of the main vegetation types in central Amazonia to investigate butterfly assemblage structure in terra firme, várzea and igapó forests at the local scale. We sampled in the low- and high-water seasons, combining active and passive sampling with traps placed in both the understory and canopy. Terra firme supported the highest number of butterfly species, whereas várzea forest provided the highest number of butterfly captures. The high species richness in terra firme may reflect that this forest type is floristically richer than várzea and igapó. Várzea is a very productive environment and may thus support a higher number of butterfly individuals than terra firme and igapó. Most butterfly species (80.2%) were unique to a single forest type and 17 can be considered forest type indicator species in this landscape. Floodplain forest environments are therefore an important complement to terra firme in terms of butterfly species richness and conservation in Amazonia.

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Roles of Spatial Scale and Rarity on the Relationship between Butterfly Species Richness and Human Density in South Africa

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0124327 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. e0124327 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Silvia Mecenero ◽

Res Altwegg ◽

Jonathan F. Colville ◽

Colin M. Beale

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Species Richness ◽

Spatial Scale ◽

Butterfly Species ◽

The Relationship ◽

Human Density

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Countryside Stewardship Scheme and Butterflies: A Study of Plant and Butterfly Species Richness

Biodiversity and Conservation ◽

10.1007/s10531-005-6320-x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 443-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R. G. Field ◽

T. Gardiner ◽

C. F. Mason ◽

J. Hill

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Butterfly Species

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FRESHWATER GASTROPODA FROM ARGENTINA: SPECIES RICHNESS, DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS, AND AN EVALUATION OF ENDANGERED SPECIES

Malacologia ◽

10.4002/1543-8120-49.1.189 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 189-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Alejandra Rumi ◽

Diego E. Gutiérrez Gregoric ◽

Verónica Núñez ◽

Inés I. César ◽

M. Andrea Roche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Endangered Species ◽

Distribution Patterns

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Distribution of moss-inhabiting diatoms along an altitudinal gradient at sub-Antarctic Îles Kerguelen

Antarctic Science ◽

10.1017/s0954102007000041 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 17-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Niek J.M. Gremmen ◽

Bart van de Vijver ◽

Yves Frenot ◽

Marc Lebouvier

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Species Composition ◽

Altitudinal Gradient ◽

Cross Validation ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Common Species ◽

Important Variable ◽

Diatom Species ◽

Expected Species Richness

Altitudinal gradients provide excellent opportunities to study relationships between species distribution and climatic variables. We studied the species composition of 39 samples of moss-inhabiting diatoms, collected at 50 m intervals from 100–650 m above sea level. The samples contained a total of 130 diatom species, of which 51 occurred in 10 or more samples. Altitude appeared to be the most important variable explaining variation in species composition. Of the 51 common species, 33 showed a significant relationship with altitude. Although the majority of the latter declined with increasing altitude, for nine species the probability of occurrence first increased with increasing elevation, but decreased again at higher altitudes, and four species increased systematically with elevation. As a result, expected species richness per sample decreased from an estimated 43 at 100 m to 25 species per sample at 650 m. Diatom distribution patterns proved to be suitable predictors of the altitudinal position of sample sites. Cross-validation yielded a strong relationship between predicted and observed altitudes.

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