scholarly journals Wing shape, wing size, and sexual dimorphism in eye-span in stalk-eyed flies (Diopsidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
GAL RIBAK ◽  
MARIE L. PITTS ◽  
GERALD S. WILKINSON ◽  
JOHN G. SWALLOW
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Wing Size

scholarly journals Using the modern morphometric approach to determine sexual dimorphism of three medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
TANAWAT CHAIPHONGPACHARA ◽  
SEDTHAPONG LAOJUN
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Wing Size ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Generalized Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract. Chaiphongpachara T, Laojun S. 2019. Using the modern morphometric approach to determine sexual dimorphism of three medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 1482-1486.  This study assessed landmark-based geometric morphometric (GM) approach to determine sexual dimorphism of three medically important flies in Thailand, Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius), Musca domestica (Linnaeus) and Boettcherisca nathani (Lopes). In the wing size analysis, the centroid size (CS) was computed to estimate the wing size. During wing shape analysis, shape variables were analyzed from principal components of partial warp scores calculated after generalized procrustes analysis of coordinates. Non-parametric permutation-based tests (1000 cycles) were used (after Bonferroni correction) at p < 0.05 for statistical comparisons of sizes and shapes between males and females in each fly species. The results of this study, analysis of wing size for sexual dimorphism based on wing CS did not find statistical differences in flies of any type (p > 0.05). However, not the size, the shape of the wings is a common factor used in identification of sexual dimorphism. The wing shape in all species was different between male and female sexes. These results have shown that the GM approach was effective in identifying the sexual dimorphism of C. megacephala, M. domestica and B. nathani, which is one way to help with sex differentiation in cases of incomplete specimens that cannot be classified by morphological methods.

Sexual dimorphism in Ephedrus persicae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae): intraspecific variation in size and shape

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Mitrovski Bogdanović ◽  
Ana Ivanović ◽  
Željko Tomanović ◽  
Vladimir Žikić ◽  
Petr Starý ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Wing Size ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractSexual dimorphism in size and shape has been studied in a wide range of organisms, but intraspecific variation in sexual dimorphism remains largely unexplored. In many parasitoid species the diversity of morphological-variation patterns within species is complicated by host effects. It is not known whether the magnitude and direction of sexual size dimorphism can be affected by the developmental environment (i.e., different host species). In this study we explored patterns of sexual dimorphism in size and shape in the aphid parasitoid Ephedrus persicae Froggatt. The analyzed sample consisted of 83 females and 54 males reared from five species of host aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from various areas of the Palaearctic region. The most notable result of the study is that E. persicae displays divergent patterns of sexual dimorphism in body size and wing size: females have larger bodies than males, but males have larger wings. Our analysis of wing size and wing shape also showed significant within species variation in the degree and pattern of sexual dimorphism. Variation in wing shape between the sexes seems to be more conserved than variation in wing size. Variation in wing shape is influenced predominantly by host (biotype) and to a lesser extent by sexual dimorphism within a biotype.

scholarly journals A checklist of Bombyliidae (Diptera) from Mordovia, Russia and variation of wing shape in Bombylius species

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2147-2156 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIYA ALEXANDROVNA CHURSINA ◽  
ALEXANDER BORISOVICH RUCHIN
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Wing Size ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Variation Potential ◽  
Good Discriminator ◽  
First Time

Chursina MA, Ruchin AB. 2018. A checklist of Bombyliidae (Diptera) from Mordovia, Russia and variation of wing shape in Bombylius species. Biodiversitas 19: 2147-2156. A checklist of Bombyliidae (Diptera) of Republic of Mordovia (Russia) is provided, based on material collected from 2008 to 2017. One hundred ninety specimens from 75 localities were collected. Fourteen of the twenty species are listed as belonging to the fauna for the first time. Intraspecific variation and sexual dimorphism in the wing shape of three species of the genus Bombylius Linnaeus, 1758 were investigated using geometric morphometric techniques. The analysis revealed that wing shape is a good discriminator of the species. In addition, significant sexual dimorphism were found: females of two of the three species had larger wings than males. The sex shape differences consisted mainly of сhanges in the placement of the CuA and A1, while interspecific wing shape variation distributed in more dimensions. There was no evidence for allometric relationships relating to sexual dimorphism and interspecific variation. Potential adaptive significance of interspecific and intersex variation in wing size and shape is discussed.

scholarly journals Wing size, wing shape and sexual dimorphism in eye-span in stalk-eyed flies (Diopsidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-236
Author(s):  
GAL RIBAK ◽  
MARIE L. PITTS ◽  
GERALD S. WILKINSON ◽  
JOHN G. SWALLOW
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Wing Size

The Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): species delimitation and evolutionary relationships based on wing geometric morphometrics

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1825 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
JASMINA LUDOŠKI ◽  
LJUBINKA FRANCUSKI ◽  
ANTE VUJIĆ ◽  
VESNA MILANKOV
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Wing Size ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Mahalanobis Distances ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis

A landmark-based geometric morphometric approach was used to assess differences in the size and shape of wing among/within three species of the Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): C. canicularis, C. himantopus and C. orthotricha. Wing size and shape variation was observed from 25, 176 and 41 specimens of C. canicularis, C. himantopus and C. orthotricha, respectively, collected from six localities on the Balkan Peninsula. Significant differences in wing size were obtained among the analysed species and canonical variate analysis showed that wing shape was sufficiently different to allow the correct classification of 73% individuals of C. canicularis, 80% of C. orthotricha and 94% of C. himantopus, and clear delimitation of the species pairs C. canicularis/C. orthotricha and C. himantopus/C. orthotricha. In all analysed species, the consistent sex dimorphism in wing shape was observed indicating that female specimens had shorter and broader wings than males. The UPGMA cluster analysis based on squared Mahalanobis distances revealed close accordance with previously published phylogenetic relationships of these species indicated by allozyme and DNA sequence data analysis. Our results suggested that wing parameters contain useful information in quantification phenotypic variation and identification of species in this challenging group for taxonomy and systematics.

scholarly journals Annual Variability of Wing Morphology in Culex sitiens Wiedemann (Diptera, Culicidae) Mosquito Vectors from the Coastal Area of Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanawat Chaiphongpachara ◽  
Sedthapong Laojun
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Wing Size ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
Wing Morphology ◽  
Size And Shape

Culex sitiens Wiedemann (Diptera, Culicidae) is a mosquito vector that is found in coastal areas. Effective control of mosquitoes requires knowledge of the biology, ecology, and behavior of the vector as well as of various other aspects, including its morphology. Currently, variations in the wing size and shape of coastal Cx. sitiens have not been described. Here, morphological changes were studied in the wings of Cx. sitiens from a coastal area of Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Samples were collected at night (6:00 pm–6:00 am) during single weeks of September in the years 2015–2017 using Center for Disease Control light traps with dry ice as bait. Eighteen landmarks of each individual were selected and digitized for landmark-based geometric morphometric analyses. Wing size variability was estimated using the isometric estimator of centroid size. Wing-shape variables were computed as Procrustes superimposition with residual coordinates of the 18 landmarks following a Generalized Procrustes Analysis and the principal components of residual coordinates. Degrees of wing-shape dissimilarity among individuals were analyzed using discriminant analysis or canonical variate analysis, which was illustrated in a discriminant space of canonical variables. Differences in wing size and shape among populations were calculated using nonparametric permutations based on 1000 runs with Bonferroni correction tests at a p-value of <0.05. The wing sizes and shapes of the mosquitoes differed significantly between observation years in all population groups, as indicated by nonparametric tests (1000 runs) with the Bonferroni correction. Differing rainfall between observation years was related to morphological changes in mosquito populations, presumably reflecting environmental adaptation. Differences in the wing morphology of Cx. sitiens between annual populations reflect adaptation to environmental variables such as rainfall and may affect the potential to act as insect vectors of human disease. These observations may facilitate the development of tools for managing mosquito-borne disease.

Remarkable sexual dimorphism in the Afrotropical species Nycterimyia capensis Bezzi, 1924 (Diptera: Nemestrinidae), and its taxonomic implications

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1273 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
DAVID A. BARRACLOUGH
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Style Length ◽  
Taxonomic Implications

Nycterimyia is a genus of poorly understood and rarely collected Nemestrinidae from scattered localities in the Afrotropical (two species), Oriental (four species) and Australasian (four species) Regions. The Afrotropical species N. capensis is a variable taxon currently recorded from South Africa, Kenya and Madagascar. This paper records a pair of N. capensis collected at the same date and locality (Ranomofana) in Madagascar. The female is the first known from the Afrotropics. There is marked sexual dimorphism in N. capensis; important characters separating the sexes include shape and length of the antennal style, length and distribution of pile on the thorax and abdomen, wing shape, and most importantly distinctive wing patterning. The taxonomic implications of not recognizing sexual dimorphism in the genus are discussed.

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