FINE STRUCTURE OF THE REITER TREPONEME AS REVEALED BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY USING THIN SECTIONING AND NEGATIVE STAINING TECHNIQUES

1964 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomio Kawata ◽  
Terutaka Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Staining Techniques

The fine structure and the protein composition of γ phage of Bacillus anthracis

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1889-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Watanabe ◽  
Akinori Morimoto ◽  
Toshiro Shiomi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gels ◽  
Long Tail

The fine structure of γ phage of Bacillus anthracis was studied by electron microscopy with a negative-staining technique. The phage has a hexagonal head and a long tail without a sheath. By electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels, the proteins of the phage particles are separate into 10 polypeptides with moleclar weights ranging from 140 000 to 12 000.

Observation of a Central Subunit in Annelid Extracellular Hemoglobins using the Stem Digital Image Processing Techniques

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 704-705
Author(s):  
M. Ohtsuki ◽  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Image Processing Techniques ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Processing Techniques

Extracellular hemoglobins of annelids consist of 12 subunits with appearance of superposed hexagons. So far, electron microscopy using negative staining techniques indicated that only the hemoglobins of Nephtys and Oenone contain an additional central subunit.

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF ISOLATED PLANT MITOCHONDRIA AND PLASTIDS USING BOTH THE THIN-SECTION AND NEGATIVE-STAINING TECHNIQUES

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Parsons ◽  
W. D. Bonner Jr. ◽  
J. G. Verboon
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Insect Cell ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Staining Techniques

Six types of plant mitochondria have been isolated by improved techniques and examined with the electron microscope by the thin-section and negative-staining techniques. In general, the mitochondria appeared well preserved. There was minimal contamination by endoplasmic reticulum but some plastids were present. The morphology of the plant mitochondria is compared with that of animal cell mitochondria. Negative staining showed that the inner membranes were covered with projecting knob-like subunits, as previously described for animal and insect cell mitochondria. The outer membrane showed a characteristic pitted appearance that was apparently due to 28 Å holes in the membrane. A preliminary report is also given of the appearance of negatively stained membranes of chloroplasts.

scholarly journals Araldite as an Embedding Medium for Electron Microscopy

1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey M. Glauert ◽  
R. H. Glauert
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Embedding Medium ◽  
Final Block

Epoxy resins are suitable media for embedding for electron microscopy, as they set uniformly with virtually no shrinkage. A mixture of araldite epoxy resins has been developed which is soluble in ethanol, and which yields a block of the required hardness for thin sectioning. The critical modifications to the conventional mixtures are the choice of a plasticized resin in conjunction with an aliphatic anhydride as the hardener. The hardness of the final block can be varied by incorporating additional plasticizer, and the rate of setting can be controlled by the use of an amine accelerator. The properties of the araldite mixture can be varied quite widely by adjusting the proportions of the various constituents. The procedure for embedding biological specimens is similar to that employed with methacrylates, although longer soaking times are recommended to ensure the complete penetration of the more viscous epoxy resin. An improvement in the preservation of the fine structure of a variety of specimens has already been reported, and a typical electron microgram illustrates the present paper.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON GONOCOCCUS INFECTION

1972 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. 1258-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Anatomical Relationship ◽  
Freeze Etching

Gonococci have been studied by electron microscopy after freeze-cleavage, freeze-etching and the findings correlated with those obtainable through thin sectioning and negative staining. The outer membrane of the cell wall is composed of round to hexagonal subunits 80 A in diameter. This membrane is also punctuated by 80-A holes visible on the exterior of the organism and extending into the substance or through the outer membrane. Pili coursing over the surface of the organisms appear to maintain a close anatomical relationship with the cell wall. In some instances, the surfaces of the organisms are virtually covered by a layer of pili.

scholarly journals THE FINE STRUCTURE AND MODE OF ATTACHMENT OF THE SHEATHED FLAGELLUM OF VIBRIO METCHNIKOVII

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey M. Glauert ◽  
D. Kerridge ◽  
R. W. Horne
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Basal Disc ◽  
The Core ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Potassium Phosphotungstate ◽  
Mode Of Attachment

The sheathed flagellum of Vibrio metchnikovii was chosen for a study of the attachment of the flagellum to the bacterial cell. Normal and autolysed organisms and isolated flagella were studied by electron microscopy using the techniques of thin sectioning and negative staining. The sheath of the flagellum has the same layered structure as the cell wall of the bacterium, and in favourable thin sections it appears that the sheath is a continuation of the cell wall. After autolysis the sheath is usually absent and the core of the flagellum has a diameter of 120 A. Electron micrographs of autolysed bacteria negatively stained with potassium phosphotungstate show that the core ends in a basal disc just inside the plasma membrane. The basal disc is about 350 A in diameter and is thus considerably smaller than the "basal granules" described previously by other workers.

Fine structure in the red algae - I. X-ray and electronmicroscope investigation of Griffithsia flosculosa

1956 ◽  
Vol 144 (917) ◽  
pp. 450-459 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Cellulose Ii ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Polarization Optics ◽  
Obvious Relation

Filaments of the red alga Griffithsia flosculosa have been examined by the methods of X-ray analysis, polarization optics, and electron microscopy, including ultra-thin sectioning. The main structural component of the wall consists of cellulose II (mercerized cellulose) organized into microfibrils about 200 Å wide and 100 Å thick. These are embedded in an amorphous material. The X-ray diagram resembles very closely that of the green alga Ulothrix flacca . Examination of sections in the electronmicroscope shows that the wall is finely lamellated and in addition there are periodic inclusions which appear to be cytoplasmic. The limiting layer of the cytoplasm bordering the vacuole is very distinct; the layer bordering on the wall has a series of peg-like protuberances into wall and cytoplasm. It is tentatively concluded that the site of wall formation lies, not at the cytoplasm-wall interface, but deeper in the cytoplasm. The chromatophores are lamellated much as the chloroplasts are known to be in higher plants. These lamellae consist here, however, of granules whose size (some 220 Å diameter) bears no obvious relation to known constituents of the chromatophores.

Fine structure of normal and regenerated shell of Helix

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. M. Saleuddin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Nacreous Layer ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Inorganic Components ◽  
Scanning Electron

Fine structure of the normal and the regenerated shell of Helix has been studied by thin sectioning, replica technique, and scanning electron microscopy. Normal shell consists of four calcareous layers: innermost nacreous, two cross lamellar, and outermost prismatic. Crystals of the shell are well defined and are surrounded by intercrystalline organic matrix. Intracrystalline organic matrix is recognized, particularly in decalcified sections. Interrelationships between the organic and inorganic components have been studied in decalcified thin sections. Regenerated shell appears similar to nacreous layer of the normal shell. Crystals are large and stacked like bricks. Intracrystalline organic matrix is very prominent. Electron diffraction of the crystals of the regenerated shell generally gives calcite pattern whereas the normal shell gives aragonite. Surface topography of the normal and regenerated shell has been compared by replica techniques.

A Simple Dichromatic Stain for Plastic Embedded Tissues

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 296-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Mackay ◽  
M. L. Mead
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Staining Techniques

Color contrasting of 1 to 2 micron sections of plastic embedded biological material is an important adjunct to electron microscopy. The procedures in general use today are simple and rapid giving monochromatic results, e.g., toluidine blue. Although many di- and polychromatic histologic staining techniques have been modified to obtain a counterstaining effect with plasticembedded tissue, the methods are usually undesirable for routine work because they are time consuming, complicated and often defy good reproducibility.

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