Nonlinear nitrous oxide (N2O) response to nitrogen fertilizer in on-farm corn crops of the US Midwest

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1140-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. HOBEN ◽  
R. J. GEHL ◽  
N. MILLAR ◽  
P. R. GRACE ◽  
G. P. ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Midwest ◽  
On Farm

Nitrous oxide fluxes from corn fields: on-farm assessment of the amount and timing of nitrogen fertilizer

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. MA ◽  
T. Y. WU ◽  
N. TREMBLAY ◽  
W. DEEN ◽  
M. J. MORRISON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Corn Fields ◽  
On Farm

A review of contemporary inhalation sedation guidelines and regulations related to treating children

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Rajan ◽  
DJ Manton ◽  
N Bhujel
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Paediatric Dentistry ◽  
Safe Practice ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Inhalation Sedation ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Uk

Inhalation sedation (IS) with nitrous oxide (N2O) is classified as minimal sedation. In paediatric dentistry, IS works well for mildly anxious but potentially cooperative children, reducing the need for general anaesthesia for simple dental procedures. We review contemporary guidelines relating to ISN2O in Australasia, the UK, Europe and the US. As this is a multispecialty area, with differences in laws, regulations, guidance and governance from country to country, this review aims to illuminate global trends and assist with the designing of local regulations for the safe practice of ISN2O.

scholarly journals Quantifying On-farm Nitrous Oxide Emission Reductions in Food-Supply Chains

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Eagle ◽  
Eileen McLellan ◽  
Eric Brawner ◽  
Martin Chantigny ◽  
Eric Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emission ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals Nitrous oxide emissions are enhanced in a warmer and wetter world

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (45) ◽  
pp. 12081-12085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Griffis ◽  
Zichong Chen ◽  
John M. Baker ◽  
Jeffrey D. Wood ◽  
Dylan B. Millet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Emission Factor ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Corn Belt ◽  
Emission Mitigation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Nitrous oxide (N2O) has a global warming potential that is 300 times that of carbon dioxide on a 100-y timescale, and is of major importance for stratospheric ozone depletion. The climate sensitivity of N2O emissions is poorly known, which makes it difficult to project how changing fertilizer use and climate will impact radiative forcing and the ozone layer. Analysis of 6 y of hourly N2O mixing ratios from a very tall tower within the US Corn Belt—one of the most intensive agricultural regions of the world—combined with inverse modeling, shows large interannual variability in N2O emissions (316 Gg N2O-N⋅y−1to 585 Gg N2O-N⋅y−1). This implies that the regional emission factor is highly sensitive to climate. In the warmest year and spring (2012) of the observational period, the emission factor was 7.5%, nearly double that of previous reports. Indirect emissions associated with runoff and leaching dominated the interannual variability of total emissions. Under current trends in climate and anthropogenic N use, we project a strong positive feedback to warmer and wetter conditions and unabated growth of regional N2O emissions that will exceed 600 Gg N2O-N⋅y−1, on average, by 2050. This increasing emission trend in the US Corn Belt may represent a harbinger of intensifying N2O emissions from other agricultural regions. Such feedbacks will pose a major challenge to the Paris Agreement, which requires large N2O emission mitigation efforts to achieve its goals.

scholarly journals The important but weakening maize yield benefit of grain filling prolongation in the US Midwest

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 4718-4730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhu ◽  
Zhenong Jin ◽  
Qianlai Zhuang ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
Carl Bernacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Filling ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Midwest

Economic and Environmental Costs of Meat Waste in the US

2021 ◽  
pp. 685-702
Author(s):  
Nicholas Hardersen ◽  
Jadwiga R. Ziolkowska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
The United States ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
The Us ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

Food waste is a major issue around the globe impacting food security, resource use, economic operations, and the environment. Meat waste, constituting approximately half of total annual meat production in the United States, is particularly relevant to address due to significant resource inputs used in livestock breeding and the meat production process. In this chapter, the authors monetize annual costs of natural resources including water, land, and energy, as well as emissions of methane and nitrous oxide embedded in wasted meat in the United States. Results indicate the total annual cost of $32-32.5 billion. The outcomes substantiate the need to reduce current levels of wasted meat in order to minimize economic, social, and environmental impacts on natural resources and make food and meat production more sustainable.

The use of feed supplements to reduce livestock greenhouse gas emissions: direct-fed microbials

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-286
Author(s):  
Natasha Doyle ◽  
◽  
Philiswa Mbandlwa ◽  
Sinead Leahy ◽  
Graeme Attwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Feed Supplements ◽  
Beneficial Response ◽  
On Farm

This chapter aims to outline the strategy of using feed supplements for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in ruminants, including methane (CH4), carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, given that feed intake is an important variable in predicting these emissions. Focus will be given to direct-fed microbials, a term reserved for live microbes which can be supplemented to feed to elicit a beneficial response. The viability of such methods will also be analysed for their use in large scale on-farm operations.

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