BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SUBTERRANEAN RESIDUES OF CYNODON DACTYLON L., SORGHUM HALEPENSE L. AND CYPERUS ROTUNDUS L.*

Weed Research ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. HOROWITZ ◽  
THERESA FRIEDMAN
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Sorghum Halepense

Effects of Frequent Clipping on Three Perennial Weeds, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. and Cyperus rotundus L.

1972 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menashe Horowitz
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Tuber Number ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Perennial Weeds

SUMMARYEstablished plants of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.), johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), grown in containers, were repeatedly clipped to the ground from spring to winter, at monthly and bi-weekly intervals. Regrowth of bermudagrass was markedly reduced after monthly clippings, but all plants regrew in the following March; there was no regeneration in March of bi-weekly clipped plants. Severe decrease of regrowth of clipped johnsongrass occurred after bi-weekly or monthly clippings, but a quarter of the clipped plants regenerated in the following March. Nutsedge was more resistant to clipping than the other two species and all clipped plants regrew vigorously in the following March. Repeated clipping reduced the rhizome length or tuber number and the dry matter content in the regrown plants in proportion to the frequency of clipping.

scholarly journals CONTROL OF PERENNIAL GRASSES ON CULTIVATED AND UNCULTIVATED LAND

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1078d-1078
Author(s):  
Bakir A. Al-Juboory
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Bermuda Grass ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Uncultivated Land

This experiment was conducted to determine effects of herbicides on the control of noxious perennial grass weeds. The results indicate that the rate, timing, duration and number of applications employed were the major factors in the successful control of perennial grass weeds such as Cogon Grass (Imperala cylindrica), Johnson Grass (Sorghum halepense), Bermuda Grass (Cynodon dactylon), Nut Grass (Cyperus rotundus) and Common Red (Phragmites spp.), commonly found in Iraq growing both in cultivated fields and wild on uncultivated land.

scholarly journals Ação alelopática de alguns extratos de plantas daninhas na germinação do arroz (Oryza sativa L. cv. IAC - 165)

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo R.C. Castro ◽  
João D. Rodrigues ◽  
Rita C.S. Maimoni-Rodella ◽  
Julio C. Rabelo ◽  
Renato F.A. Veiga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Sorghum Halepense

O efeito do extrato aquoso de três plantas daninhas, Cynodon dactylon (l.)Pers., Cyperus rotundus l. e Sorghum halepense (l.) Pers. sobre a germinação e o crescimento de plântulas de arroz (Oryza salina L. cv. IAC-165) foi estudado, com a finalidade de investigar a sensibilidade do arroz aos efeitos alelopáticos dessas plantas. Foram utilizados, na preparação dos extratos, raizes de Cynodon daclylon, tubérculos de Cyperus rolundus: e riomas de Sorglun halepense, os quais foram homoneizados em solução aquosa, submetidos a filtração e centrifugação. O sobrenadante foi aplicado no substrato de germinação das sementes, verificando-se, aos sete dias após a se meadura, que apenas os extratos de Cy-nodon daetylon e Sorghum halepense afetaram a porcentagem de germinação das sementes de arroz. Entretanto, o crescimento da radícula e da parte aérea das plântulas foi prejudicado pelos três extratos testados, sendo o efeito mais drástico causado pelo extrato de Cyperus, retundus.

scholarly journals Efeitos alelopaticos de alguns extratos vegetais na germinação do tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Santa Cruz)

1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R.C. Castro ◽  
J.D. Rodrigues ◽  
M.A. Moraes ◽  
V.L.M. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

O presente trabalho teve por finalidade avaliar os possíveis efeitos alelopáticos de três plantas daninhas (Cyperus rotundus, Sorghum halepense e Cynodon dactylon), uma leguminosa (Canavalia ensiformis) e colza (Brassica napus), na germinação das sementes do tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Santa Cruz) utilizado como indicador. Tubérculos de tiririca, rizomas de capim massambará, o sistema radicular de grama seda, além de folhas e raízes de feijão-de-porco e colza, foram homogeneizados em solução aquosa, submetidos a filtração e centrifugação. A aplicação do sobrenadante no substrato de germinação das sementes de tomateiro mostrou afetar o processo germinativo e o desenvolvimento da radícula e do hipocótilo. C. rotundus, S. halepense e raízes de C. ensiformis possuem substâncias altamente inibitórias à germinação do tomateiro 'Santa Cruz'', sendo que a planta indicadora também mostrou-se sensível às substâncias presentes nas folhas de B. napus e em C. dactylon.

Herbicide-Crop Rotation for Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Control

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Dale ◽  
J. M. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Cropping Sequence ◽  
Sesbania Exaltata ◽  
Common Purslane ◽  
Sida Spinosa

The feasibility of herbicide and crop rotation for the control of johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers.] in corn (Zea maysL.) was studied in field experiments. Light infestations of johnsongrass were initially present, but it became the predominant weed after 4 yr of continuous corn treated with atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamine)-s-triazine], cyanazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropionitrile}, and linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea], alone and in combinations at rates of 2.24, 2.24, and 0.84 kg/ha, respectively. The infestation of johnsongrass was effectively controlled by growing corn in rotation with cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) in a cropping sequence of corn-cotton-cotton-corn, in which trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine), fluometuron [1,1-dimethyl-3-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)urea] and MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate) at 0.56, 2.24, and 2.24 kg/ha respectively, were used for weed control in cotton. In the corn-cotton-cotton-corn cropping sequence, the herbicide treatments also prevented increases in the populations of other indigeneous weeds including prickly sida (Sida spinosaL.), prostrate spurge (Euphorbia supinaRaf.), spotted spurge (Euphorbia maculataL.), common purslane (Portulaca oleraceaL.), tall morningglory [Ipomoea purpurea(L.) Roth], common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicumWallr.), spurred anoda[Anoda cristata(L.) Schlecht.], hemp sesbania [Sesbania exaltata(Raf.) Cory], redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexusL.), goosegrass [Eleusine indica(L.) Gaertn.], junglerice [Echinochloa colonum(L.) Link], large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop.], and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusL.).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Weed Management Practices on Growth Variables and Yield of Wheat Varieties

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Md. Golam Mostafa ◽  
Syed Arvin Hassan ◽  
Md. Ehsanul Haq ◽  
Md. Ahasan Habib ◽  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field experiment was conducted in medium fertile soil at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2017 to April 2018 in Rabi season with a view to evaluate the performance of wheat varieties under different weed control methods. The experiment was carried out with three varieties i.e. BARI Gom-28, BARI Gom-29 and BARI Gom-30 in the main plot and five weed management methods viz. control (no weeding), two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, Panida 33EC (Pendimethalin) @ 2000 ml ha-1 at 5 DAS pre-emergence, Afinity 50.75WP (Isoproturon) 1500 g ha-1 at 25 DAS as post-emergence herbicide and Panida 33EC (Pendimethalin) @ 2000 ml ha-1 at 5 DAS + Afinity 50.75WP (Isoproturon)1500 g ha-1 at 25 DAS in the sub plot in split plot design. Nine different major weed species were found in the field such as Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, Echinochloa colonum, Eleusine indica, Chenopodium album, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Brassica kaber, Leliotropium indicum, Vicia sativa. Results reveled that BARI Gom-30 contributed the highest grain yield 3.01 tha-1. Pre-emergence application of Panida 33EC controlled weeds significantly which showed highest growth followed by yield achieved in wheat. BARI Gom-30 in combination with Panida 33EC produced the highest grain yield 3.52 tha-1 while the lowest grain yield 2.09 t ha-1 was obtained from BARI Gom-28 with no weeding treatment. Results reveled that Panida 33EC (pre-emergence) was found more effective to controlling weeds in wheat. Results of the study finally reveled that Panida 33EC might be considered as a feasible option for combating weed and ensuring higher yield in wheat cultivation.

Solar Heating of the Soil: Involvement of Environmental Factors in the Weed Control Process

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baruch Rubin ◽  
Abraham Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
Hot Season ◽  
Vegetative Propagules

Solar heating (SH) of wet soil by mulching it with transparent polyethylene (PE) during the hot season increased soil temperature in a typical daily course which varied with soil depth. Annual weed species responded to soil heating in the laboratory with the same pattern as under SH conditions in the field. Rhizomes of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylonL. Pers. ♯3CYNDA) and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepenseL. Pers. ♯ SORHA) were very sensitive to heat treatment, but purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusL. ♯ CYPRO) tubers were able to survive temperatures as high as 80 C for 30 min. Species having big and heavy seeds or vegetative propagules were able to emerge from deep layers of soil, thus practically escaping the lethal temperature prevailing in the upper layer. Transparent and black PE mulching effectively prevented water loss from soil, as compared with perforated PE and nonmulched control. CO2concentration in the soil atmosphere under transparent PE mulching increased rapidly during the first week and reached a maximal level which was 20-fold higher than that formed in nonmulched soil. Ethylene at 0.2 ppm was detected only in a mulched soil environment. No differences in levels of CH4or CO were detected.

Reactions of Several Crops to Dichlobenil

Weed Science ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Hardcastle ◽  
R. E. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge

Tolerance of corn (Zea maysL. ‘B’), cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL. ‘coker 413’), soybean (Glycine maxMerr. ‘Hardee’), turnip (Brassica rapaL. ‘Tendergreen’), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench. ‘Georgia 615’), purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusL.), yellow nutsedge (C. esculentusL.), and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers.) to 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil) at 0, 0.14, 0.28, 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg/ha in four Georgia soils was determined. Equivalent rates of dichlobenil generally were more toxic in Davidson clay loam which had the highest clay content. Crop tolerance was corn > sorghum > cotton > turnip. Purple and yellow nutsedge tolerance to dichlobenil was intermediate to that of the crops tested. Johnsongrass response was equivalent to that shown by sorghum.

PLANTAS INVASORAS ENCONTRADAS NA ÁREA URBANA DE CURITIBA (PR)

FLORESTA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Biondi ◽  
José Henrique Pedrosa-Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Cirsium Vulgare ◽  
Morus Nigra ◽  
Schizolobium Parahyba

A grande maioria das espécies invasoras nas áreas urbanas é introduzida pela população e pelos órgãos públicos. Muitas delas, quando plantadas excessivamente, podem gerar problemas ambientais muito graves, principalmente como ameaça às plantas nativas remanescentes, por ocupar seu espaço. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o potencial invasor da vegetação urbana da cidade de Curitiba, com base numa amostragem aleatória composta de setenta unidades distribuídas em cinco condições espaciais diferentes – ruas, parques, praças, terrenos baldios e jardins – em quarenta e cinco bairros diferentes, e levando-se em consideração o crescimento demográfico e a evolução da ocupação urbana de Curitiba. Das 370 espécies amostradas na área urbana de Curitiba, 155 espécies (42%) são consideradas invasoras por algum país e 21 espécies (5,7%) são consideradas invasoras no Brasil (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, Chrysanthemum myconis L., Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Tem., Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., Crocosmia x crocosmaeflora Lem., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Cyperus rotundus L., Dracaena fragrans Ker-Gawl., Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees, Eriobotrya japonica Lindl., Impatiens walleriana Hook. f., Ligustrum lucidum Aiton., Melia azedarach Blanco, Morus nigra L., Ophiopogon japonicum Ker-Gawl., Passiflora alata (Dryand.) Ait., Psidium guajava L., Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Blake, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw., Tradescantia fluminensis Vell. e Tradescantia zebrina Hort. ex Bosse). Destas espécies, 8 são invasoras (2,2%) na região de Curitiba (Cirsium vulgare, Eriobotrya japonica, Melia azedarach, Morus nigra, Ophiopogon japonicum, Psidium guajava e Tradescantia zebrina).

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