Signs and symptoms associated with Heterobasidion annosum and Armillaria ostoyae infection in dead and dying mountain pine (Pinus mugo ssp. uncinata)

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bendel ◽  
D. Rigling
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
Mountain Pine

Impact of root-rot pathogens on forest succession in unmanaged Pinus mugo stands in the Central Alps

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2666-2674 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bendel ◽  
F Kienast ◽  
D Rigling ◽  
H Bugmann
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Central Alps ◽  
Swiss National Park ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
The Impact

In the mountain pine (Pinus mugo subsp. uncinata (DC.) Domin) forests of the Swiss National Park in the Central Alps, disease centers associated with the root-rot fungi Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. and Armillaria spp. are characteristic elements. We assessed the impact of these pathogens on forest dynamics by studying transects running across disease centers into the adjacent forest. Overall, mountain pine was the most abundant regenerating tree species and accounted for 84% of all seedlings (<20 cm high) and 93% of all saplings (20–130 cm high), whereas Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) was less frequent (15% seedlings : 7% saplings). The density of mountain pine seedlings did not differ significantly between the disease centers and the adjacent forest, whereas mountain pine saplings were more frequent within the disease centers, indicating that growth from the seedling to the sapling stage was favoured in disease centers. There was significantly more dead wood and a greater diversity of plant species in the disease centers than in the adjacent forest. The results suggest that root-rot fungi slow down succession towards stands with a higher proportion of P. cembra by causing premature mortality of mountain pines and creating disease centers with dense mountain pine regeneration.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Mountain Pine (Pinus mugo Turra, Pinaceae) from Republic of Macedonia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Karapandzova ◽  
Gjoshe Stefkov ◽  
Ivana Cvetkovikj Karanfilova, ◽  
Tatjana Kadifkova Panovska ◽  
Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Mountain Pine

scholarly journals Influence of the chemical mutagens on the seed germination, the growth and manifestation of decorative characteristics in the seed offspring of the representatives of the genus Pinus L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-714
Author(s):  
H. F. Kelko ◽  
M. A. Slesarenka ◽  
R. I. Karaneuski ◽  
U. I. Torchyk
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfate ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Chemical Mutagens ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Mountain Pine

The influence of various concentrations of chemical mutagens on the seed germination, the growth and manifestation of decorative traits in the seed offspring of mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra), Scots pine (Pinus sylvesrtis L.), and Scots pine “witch’s broom” (“WB”) is assessed. A 0.1 % aqueous solution of colchicine, as well as 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 % aqueous solutions of dimethyl sulfate (DMS) was used as mutagens. The species-specificity of the influence of chemical mutagens on the seed germination was established. Thus, the treatment of mountain pine seeds with aqueous solutions of colchicine and DMS had some stimulating influence on their germination. On the contrary, the germination of the Scots pine seeds and the seeds collected from the Scots pine “WB” decreased with increasing the DMS concentration in the solution. Among the offspring obtained using chemical mutagens, specimens were identified with changes in the growth strength towards dwarfism, the branching features of which manifested themselves in the form of apical dominance violation and shoot formation growth, with changes in the color of needles, including winter color changes of different-intensity color from green to yellow, bronze or bronze yellow. As a result of the research, 363 specimens with atypical traits were selected for further breeding work.

scholarly journals Growth of mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra) in relation to the use of other tree species

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Špinlerová ◽  
M. Martinková
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Planted Tree ◽  
Growth Analyses

In summit parts of the Orlick&eacute; hory Mts., massive dieback of forests occurred during an air pollution/ecological disaster in the 70s to the 80s of the 20<sup>th</sup> century. Destroyed stands were cut down and deforested areas were planted by more resistant species including mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra). The aim of the paper was to assess effects of mountain pine on the prosperity of other tree species. Four localities with mountain pine stands were selected at altitudes from 1,000 to 1,115 m. In 2003&ndash;2005, growth analyses of shrubs were carried out there and basic parameters of stands were determined such as: height; cover of mountain pine, other tree species and herbs; radiation transmittance and temperature gradients. Results show the importance of the height of mountain pine stands in mitigating climatic changes in the ground layer of air, identification of the light compensation point for the mountain pine prosperity, the dependence of a growth type on outer and inner conditions of mountain pine including partly its age. Under given conditions, the present stands of mountain pine on top parts of the Orlick&eacute; hory Mts. show their justification because they create a good protection for young seedlings, self-seeding and newly planted tree species. If forest spreads there, the markedly heliophilous mountain pine will recede similarly as in case of more than hundred-year-old mountain pine in the Sowie gory Mts. in Poland.

Symptom expression in conifers infected with Armillaria ostoyae and Heterobasidion annosum

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1210-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W Omdal ◽  
Charles G Shaw, III ◽  
William R Jacobi
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
White Fir ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Old Trees

Crown symptoms and other aboveground variables were examined on 36 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco.) (40–209 years old), 46 white fir (Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl.) (36–165 years old), and 97 ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) (64–220 years old) trees in northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. Root systems of all trees were excavated to determine extent of root disease. Symptoms observed on infected trees, including reductions in height growth, changes in foliage characteristics, and crown dieback, worsened as the number of infected roots increased. Trees with aboveground symptoms had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) number of infected lateral roots than trees without symptoms. In mixed conifer stands on the Archuleta Mesa, Colo., four qualitative crown symptoms were used to accurately detect Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink and (or) Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. infection of Douglas-fir (21/22, or 95%) and white fir (19/28, or 68%). Similarly, 61% (48/79) of the A. ostoyae infected ponderosa pine trees on the Jemez site, N.M., were detected using the qualitative Thomson vigor rating system. Discriminate analysis, using more thorough variables and analysis, resulted in correct infection classifications of 82%, 85%, and 78% for Douglas-fir, white fir, and ponderosa pine, respectively, suggesting that aboveground variables are reasonable indicators of root disease.

scholarly journals Antagonistic effect of fungi from Scots pine stump roots against Heterobasidion annosum and Armillaria ostoyae

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Kwaśny
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Natural Control ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
Forest Conditions

The study presents quantitative and qualitative aspects of fungal colonization of the 2-year-old stump roots of the 30- and 49-year-old Scots pines, and biotic relations between fungi inhabiting the stump roots and major agent s of butt and root rot in Poland, i.e.: <i>H. annosum</i> and <i>A. ostoyae</i>. Compared to the live roots, the increase in density of fungi communities as well as the frequency of the fungi antagonistic towards <i>H. annosum</i> and <i>A. ostoyae</i>, particularly of <i>Trichoderma</i> species. in pine stump roots resulted in the increase of the suppressive effect of these communities towards both pathogens, studied in vitro. This finding may suggest a stronger resistance of pine stump roots to <i>H. annosum</i> and <i>A. ostoyae</i> what under forest conditions may be the example of natural control of both pathogens.

scholarly journals Root decays as a potential predisposition factor of a bark beetle disaster in the Šumava Mts.

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jankovský ◽  
P. Cudlín ◽  
I. Moravec
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
Stress Load ◽  
Root Decay

Root decay infection and potential relations to Ips typographus L. outbreaks in the &Scaron;umava Mts. (Bohemian Forest) were monitored in 3 permanent sample plots. As an originator of root decays honey fungus predominated, in particular cases Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. was also recorded. As for honey fungus species, Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink predominated, however, A. cepistipes Velenovsk&yacute; and A. borealis Marxm&uuml;ller et Korhonen were also determined. Other wood-destroying fungi were also recorded, e.g. Stereum sanguinolentum (ALB. &amp; SCHW.: FR.) FR. and Climacocystis borealis (FR.) KOTL. Although Armillaria foci were localized directly in a forest edge after bark beetle disaster, it is not possible to state definite relationships between Ips typographus L. invasion and root system infection by Armillaria. The found out rate of infection is, with respect to an altitude over 1,100 m, extremely high not corresponding to existing knowledge on the behaviour of Armillaria in the region of Central Europe. The extent of Norway spruce infection by Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink can give evidence of the chronic stress load of spruce trees in the area. &nbsp; &nbsp;

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