IP-10 serum levels are not increased in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

AbstractDementia is a neurocognitive disorder characterized by a progressive memory loss and impairment in cognitive and functional abilities. Autophagy and mitophagy are two important cellular processes by which the damaged intracellular components are degraded by lysosomes. To investigate the contribution of autophagy and mitophagy in degenerative diseases, we investigated the serum levels of specific autophagic markers (ATG5 protein) and mitophagic markers (Parkin protein) in a population of older patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Two hundred elderly (≥65 years) outpatients were included in the study: 40 (20 F and 20 M) with mild-moderate late onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD); 40 (20 F and 20 M) affected by vascular dementia (VAD); 40 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI); 40 (20 F and 20 M) with “mixed” dementia (MD); 40 subjects without signs of cognitive impairment were included as sex-matched controls. Our data indicated that, in serum samples, ATG5 and Parkin were both elevated in controls, and that VAD compared with AD, MCI and MD (all p < 0.01). Patients affected by AD, MD, and MCI showed significantly reduced circulating levels of both ATG5 and Parkin compared to healthy controls and VAD individuals, reflecting a significant down-regulation of autophagy and mitophagy pathways in these groups of patients. The measurement of serum levels of ATG5 and Parkin may represent an easily accessible diagnostic tool for the early monitoring of patients with cognitive decline.

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P2-138: Chemokine serum levels in mild cognitive impairment as Alzheimer's disease early biomarkers

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2006.05.976 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. S274-S274

Author(s):

Daniela Galimberti ◽

Chiara Fenoglio ◽

Carlo Lovati ◽

Eliana Venturelli ◽

Ilaria Guidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Early Biomarkers

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Patients are Characterized by Increased BDNF Serum Levels

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567209197155462050 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 999 (999) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francesco Angelucci

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Serum Levels

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Serum levels of soluble TNF-α receptors but not BDNF are associated with apathy symptoms in mild Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/s1980-57642013dn70300011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 298-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Henrique Cerqueira Guimarães ◽

Paulo Caramelli ◽

Patricia Paes Araujo Fialho ◽

Elisa de Paula França ◽

Marcelo Pelizzaro Dias Afonso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Sickness Behavior ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Soluble Receptors ◽

Behavior Theory ◽

Tnf Α

ABSTRACT Apathy is intimately associated with dementia. Unfortunately, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood. The motivational impairment that characterizes this disorder might share the same inflammatory mechanisms, as suggested by the sickness behavior theory. Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association between apathy symptoms and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and its soluble receptors. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were also analyzed since these have been associated with depression, a condition which shares abulic features with apathy. Methods: The sample consisted of 27 subjects with mild Alzheimer's disease or amnestic mild cognitive impairment, who were submitted to specific apathy evaluation using the Apathy Scale (AS) and provided blood samples for biomarker analysis. Participants were categorized into two groups according to median AS scores (17 points). Results: Subjects with higher apathy symptoms (n=13) displayed higher levels of TNF-α soluble receptors (type 1: p=0.03; type 2: p=0.04). No other difference was found between groups. Conclusion: These findings point to the involvement of inflammatory mediators in the genesis of apathy symptoms, as suggested by the sickness behavior theory.

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Serum Ghrelin in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-490560/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaodong Chen ◽

Yunfeng Luo

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Serum Ghrelin

Abstract Background Serum ghrelin levels have been reported to be altered in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and individuals with Mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, whether serum ghrelin can be used as a biomarker of AD is inconsistent and conflicting. Methods We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the serum levels of ghrelin and acylated ghrelin (AG) in patients with AD or MCI, in comparison with normal controls (NC). We searched PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from 1999 to March 2021. Results 10 relevant studies were included for this study. 8 studies reported serum levels of ghrelin (417 AD or MCI patients and 382 controls) and 5 studies reported serum levels of AG (142 AD or MCI patients and 152 controls). We found that AD and MCI patients had a tendency toward a decrease in the serum levels of ghrelin (SMD=-1.04; 95%CI (-2.30, 0.23); P = 0.11; significant heterogeneity: I2 = 98%), but no statistical significance was found. AG levels in the serum level of AD and MCI patients were significantly higher than NC subjects (SMD = 0.99; 95%CI (0.21, 1.77); P = 0.01; significant heterogeneity: I2 = 87%). Conclusion This meta-analysis suggested that AG may be a potential MCI or early AD biomarker and confirmed previous findings that ghrelin became desensitized in AD patients. This meta-analysis was limited to small sample sizes and lacked of stratifying the level of heterogeneity in AD and MCI patients. More and large sample, multi-center case-control studies on the relationship between serum AG and AD or MCI patients are still needed in the future.

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P2-037: Alzheimer'S disease (ad) and mild cognitive impairment (mci) patients are characterized by increased bdnf serum levels

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2009.04.346 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (4S_Part_9) ◽

pp. P272-P273 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francesco Angelucci ◽

Gianfranco Spalletta ◽

Fulvia di Iulio ◽

Antonio Ciaramella ◽

Francesca Salani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Serum Levels

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Serum levels of hydroperoxides and multimorbidity among older patients with mild cognitive impairment or late-onset Alzheimer’s disease

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-015-0352-1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 799-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Carlo Cervellati ◽

Arianna Romani ◽

Cristina Bosi ◽

Stefania Magon ◽

Angelina Passaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Older Patients ◽

Late Onset ◽

Serum Levels

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Serum Phosphatidylethanolamine and Lysophosphatidylethanolamine Levels Differentiate Alzheimer’s Disease from Controls and Predict Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-201420 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Daniel A. Llano ◽

Viswanath Devanarayan ◽

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Baseline Serum ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

The Relationship ◽

Normal Controls

Background: There is intense interest in the development of blood-based biomarkers, not only that can differentiate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from controls, but that can also predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD. Serum biomarkers carry the potential advantage over imaging or spinal fluid markers both in terms of cost and invasiveness. Objective: Our objective was to measure the potential for serum lipid markers to differentiate AD from age-matched healthy controls as well as to predict conversion from MCI to AD. Methods: Using a publicly-available dataset, we examined the relationship between baseline serum levels of 349 known lipids from 16 classes of lipids and disease state as well as the prediction of conversion from MCI to AD. Results: We observed that several classes of lipids (cholesteroyl ester, phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and acylcarnitine) differentiated AD from normal controls. Among these, only two classes, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (lyso-PE), predicted time to conversion from MCI to AD. Low levels of PE and high levels of lyso-PE result in two-fold faster median time to progression from MCI to AD, with hazard ratios 0.62 and 1.34, respectively. Conclusion: These data suggest that serum PE and lyso-PE may be useful biomarkers for predicting MCI to AD conversion. In addition, since PE is converted to lyso-PE by phospholipase A2, an important inflammatory mediator that is dysregulated in AD, these data suggest that the disrupted serum lipid profile here may be related to an abnormal inflammatory response early in the AD pathologic cascade.

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LEVELS OF PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IL-17 AND IL-23 IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE, MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND VASCULAR DEMENTIA

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202101113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 68-71

Author(s):

Olga E. Dubenko ◽

Olha S. Chyniak ◽

Olexander O. Potapov

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Early Marker

The aim: To research differences of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-23 serum levels in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Material and methods: Serum levels of IL-17 and IL-23 were measure by ELISA for 15 patients with Alzheimer’s disease, 14 with vascular dementia, 30 with mild cognitive impairment and 30 control individuals without cognitive impairment. Results: Serum concentrations of IL-17 were significantly higher in Alzheimer’s disease patients (P=0.0023) than control, in vascular dementia no significant differences(P=0.4154). Level of IL-23 was significantly higher than control in Alzheimer’s disease patients (P=0.0170) and vascular dementia (P=0.0002), but in Alzheimer’s disease it was in 12.5 time higher. In total mild cognitive impairment patients no significant differences in interleukin concentration with control, but significant differences observed for amnestic form in IL-17 (P=0.0436) and IL-23 (P=0.0019). Conclusions: IL-17 and IL-23 level significant higher in Alzheimer’s disease patients compared with control and vascular dementia. From mild cognitive impairment levels of detectable interleukins was higher in amnestic form that may be early marker of progression in Alzheimer’s disease.

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