Oligodendrogenesis of adult neural progenitors: differential effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor and mesenchymal stem cell derived factors

The cochlear implant outcome is possibly improved by brain-derived neurotrophic factor treatment protecting spiral ganglion neurons. Implantation of genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells may enable the required long-term brain-derived neurotrophic factor administration. Encapsulation of mesenchymal stem cells in ultra-high viscous alginate may protect the mesenchymal stem cells from the recipient’s immune system and prevent their uncontrolled migration. Alginate stability and survival of mesenchymal stem cells in alginate were evaluated. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor production was measured and its protective effect was analyzed in dissociated rat spiral ganglion neuron co-culture. Since the cochlear implant is an active electrode, alginate–mesenchymal stem cell samples were electrically stimulated and alginate stability and mesenchymal stem cell survival were investigated. Stability of ultra-high viscous-alginate and alginate–mesenchymal stem cells was proven. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor production was detectable and spiral ganglion neuron survival, bipolar morphology, and neurite outgrowth were increased. Moderate electrical stimulation did not affect the mesenchymal stem cell survival and their viability was good within the investigated time frame. Local drug delivery by ultra-high viscous-alginate-encapsulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor–overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells is a promising strategy to improve the cochlear implant outcome.

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Effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in rats with Tourette syndrome

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine ◽

10.3892/etm.2016.3059 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1211-1216 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

XIUMEI LIU ◽

XUEMING WANG ◽

AIMIN LI ◽

XIAOLING JIAO

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Stem Cell Transplantation ◽

Cell Transplantation ◽

Tourette Syndrome ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ◽

Factor Expression

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Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Aged Rats Post-Systemic Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Administration

Journal of Stem Cell Research and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.20473/jscrte.v2i2.11895 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Adisti Dwijayanti

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Intravenous Injection ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Female Rats ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Aged Rats

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels were affected by aging. Brain BDNF levels were known to decrease along with advanced age thus correlated with any diseases such as cognitive impairment and Alzheimer. Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) is one of the potential modalities actively investigated against age-related diseases. This study evaluated the effect of human MSC administration to brain BDNF levels in aged rats. Intravenous injection of 10 million per body weight human MSC were given four times in 3 months interval to 22-24 months old female and male Spraque–Dawley rats. As control group, aged rats were injected by normal saline at the same volume and frequencies. Moreover, young 3-6 months rats also examined as negative control. By the end of the experiment, we analyzed three rats from each group. Brain BDNF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and normalize to the protein levels. One-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc analysis was performed to compare the differences between groups. BDNF levels in male appeared similar between young, aged, and MSC treated groups. Meanwhile, control aged female groups had significantly lower BDNF levels compared to young (p = 0.019) and MSC-treated aged rats (p = 0.001). There was no difference of BDNF levels between young and MSC-treated aged in female rats (p = 0,068). Both sex had similar BDNF levels (p = 0.249) in control-aged groups. In contrast, female young and MSC-treated aged rats achieved significantly higher BDNF levels (p = 0.009 and p <0.001) compared to the male groups, respectively. These results suggest that human mesenchymal stem cell intravenous injection can increase brain BDNF levels in female aged rats.

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Protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on rat retinal neurons in hyperglycemia through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor/TrkB pathway

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2021.11.06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 1683-1689

Author(s):

Xiang Gao ◽

◽

Xiao-Tian Zhang ◽

Song Chen ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Human Umbilical Cord ◽

Retinal Neurons ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

The Brain

AIM: To explore whether human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC)-derived exosomes (hUCMSC-Exos) protect rat retinal neurons in high-glucose (HG) conditions by activating the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-TrkB pathway. METHODS: hUCMSC-Exos were collected with differential ultracentrifugation methods and observed by transmission electron microscopy. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) was used to quantify BDNF in hUCMSC-Exos, and Western blot was used to identify surface markers of hUCMSC-Exos. Rat retinal neurons were divided into 4 groups. Furthermore, cell viability, cell apoptosis, and TrkB protein expression were measured in retinal neurons. RESULTS: hUCMSCs and isolated hUCMSC-Exos were successfully cultured. All hUCMSC-Exos showed a diameter of 30 to 150 nm and had a phospholipid bimolecular membrane structure, as observed by transmission electron microscopy. ELISA showed the BDNF concentration of hUCMSCs-Exos was 2483.16±281.75. hUCMSCs-Exos effectively reduced the apoptosis of retinal neuron rate and improved neuron survival rate, meanwhile, the results of immunofluorescence verified the fluorescence intensity of TrKB in neurons increased. And all above effects were reduced by treated hUCMSCs-Exos with BDNF inhibitors. hUCMSC-Exos effectively reduced the apoptosis rate of retinal neurons by activating the BDNF-TrkB pathway in a HG environment. CONCLUSION: In the HG environment, hUCMSC-Exos could carry BDNF into rat retinal neurons, inhibiting neuronal apoptosis by activating the BDNF-TrkB pathway.

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