The influence of reproductive and hormonal factors on ovarian cancer survival

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Nagle ◽  
C. J. Bain ◽  
A. C. Green ◽  
P. M. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hormonal Exposures ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Survival ◽  
Invasive Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Reproductive and hormonal exposures are known to influence ovarian carcinogenesis, but little is known about the effect of these factors on survival. We have studied survival according to hormonal and reproductive history in a population-based cohort of 676 Australian women aged 18–79, newly diagnosed with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer in the early 1990s. In order to place our findings in context, we have also undertaken a systematic review of the pertinent literature. Detailed information about each woman's reproductive and contraceptive history was obtained from pregnancy and contraceptive calendars at the time of diagnosis. Cox regression was used to obtain multivariate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 419 (62%) of the 676 women died during the follow-up (giving a 5-year survival proportion of 44%). Apart from better survival for women who had ever breastfed (multivariate HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.55–0.98), we found no association between survival from invasive ovarian cancer and a range of hormonal and gynecological factors including parity, use of oral contraceptives, and histories of tubal sterilization or hysterectomy. Systematic review of the literature generally supported the lack of influence of these factors on survival from ovarian cancer. We conclude that, except for a possible survival advantage among women with a history of breastfeeding, reproductive and hormonal exposures prior to diagnosis do not influence survival from invasive ovarian cancer, in contrast to their substantial effects on etiology of this disease

scholarly journals A population-wide analysis of the familial risk of suicide in Utah, USA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Amanda V. Bakian ◽  
Danli Chen ◽  
Chong Zhang ◽  
Heidi A. Hanson ◽  
Anna R. Docherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Population Database ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The degree to which suicide risk aggregates in US families is unknown. The authors aimed to determine the familial risk of suicide in Utah, and tested whether familial risk varies based on the characteristics of the suicides and their relatives. Methods A population-based sample of 12 160 suicides from 1904 to 2014 were identified from the Utah Population Database and matched 1:5 to controls based on sex and age using at-risk sampling. All first through third- and fifth-degree relatives of suicide probands and controls were identified (N = 13 480 122). The familial risk of suicide was estimated based on hazard ratios (HR) from an unsupervised Cox regression model in a unified framework. Moderation by sex of the proband or relative and age of the proband at time of suicide (<25 v. ⩾25 years) was examined. Results Significantly elevated HRs were observed in first- (HR 3.45; 95% CI 3.12–3.82) through fifth-degree relatives (HR 1.07; 95% CI 1.02–1.12) of suicide probands. Among first-degree relatives of female suicide probands, the HR of suicide was 6.99 (95% CI 3.99–12.25) in mothers, 6.39 in sisters (95% CI 3.78–10.82), and 5.65 (95% CI 3.38–9.44) in daughters. The HR in first-degree relatives of suicide probands under 25 years at death was 4.29 (95% CI 3.49–5.26). Conclusions Elevated familial suicide risk in relatives of female and younger suicide probands suggests that there are unique risk groups to which prevention efforts should be directed – namely suicidal young adults and women with a strong family history of suicide.

scholarly journals Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 3(KLK3/PSA) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Ovarian Cancer Survival

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy A. O'Mara ◽  
Christina M. Nagle ◽  
Jyotsna Batra ◽  
Mary-Anne Kedda ◽  
Judith A. Clements ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Rare Allele ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Tumour Metastasis ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Survival

There is substantial evidence suggesting a role for hormone-regulated kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) in carcinogenesis and tumour metastasis. KLKs are considered to have potential as prognostic biomarkers for hormone dependent cancers, particularly ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between Kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in hormone response elements and ovarian cancer survival. DNA samples were analyzed from 304 Australian women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer. The KLK3 rs266882 and rs11084033 SNPs were genotyped by the Sequenom iPLEX Mass Array platform. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox regression models. An association was observed with ovarian cancer survival for homozygote carriers of the rare allele of rs11084033 (adjusted HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.08–4.15). This finding is consistent with bioinformatic analysis predicting the rs11084033 rare allele to be responsible for the loss of a confirmed androgen response element, and with published expression data suggesting that aggressive ovarian cancers show decreased KLK3 tumor expression. The rs11084033 has potential prognostic significance in ovarian cancer. However, this finding requires replication, and further investigation regarding the functional significance of rs11084033 and correlated SNPs.

scholarly journals Association Between Pre-diagnostic Dietary Supplements Intake and Ovarian Cancer Survival: Findings From a Prospective Cohort Study in Chinese Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Hui Gu ◽  
Ting-Ting Gong ◽  
Qi-Jun Wu ◽  
Fang-Hua Liu ◽  
Zhao-Yan Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Survival

Background: As a result of a limited number of studies and inconsistent findings, there remains uncertainty in whether pre-diagnostic dietary supplements intake affects survival after ovarian cancer (OC) diagnosis.Methods: The association between pre-diagnostic dietary supplements intake and all-cause OC mortality was examined in the OC follow-up study, which included a hospital-based cohort (n = 703) of Chinese women diagnosed with OC between 2015 and 2020. Pre-diagnostic dietary supplements information was collected using self-administered questionnaires. Deaths were ascertained up to March 31, 2021, via death registry linkage. Cox proportional hazards were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the aforementioned association.Results: A total of 130 women died during the median follow-up of 37.2 months (interquartile: 24.7–50.2 months). We found no evidence that any pre-diagnostic dietary supplements intake compared with never is associated with OC survival (HR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.47–1.18). Furthermore, our study suggested no association for ever supplements intakes of vitamin A (HR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.07–3.46), vitamin C (HR = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.27–1.54), vitamin D (HR = 1.19, 95%CI: 0.28–5.03), vitamin E (HR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.06–3.87), multivitamin (HR = 0.49, 95%CI: 0.14–1.67), calcium (HR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.53–1.72), and fish oil/DHA (HR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.04–2.37) with OC survival. Interestingly, we only found a detrimental effect of vitamin B supplementation intake (HR = 3.78, 95%CI: 1.33–0.69) on OC survival.Conclusions: We found no evidence that any pre-diagnostic dietary supplements intake is associated with OC survival. Considering lower exposure of dietary supplements before OC diagnosis in the present study, further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals 1466Vitamin D status before, during and after treatment and ovarian cancer survival

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Ross ◽  
Penny Webb ◽  
Rachel Neale
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Survival ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Prognosis

Abstract Background Previous work found higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) [circulating form of vitamin D] concentrations at diagnosis were associated with longer survival in patients with ovarian cancer (OvCa). There was no evidence for an association with 25(OH)D after primary treatment, but power was limited. Our aim was to reassess this association in a larger sample, including measures collected during treatment and using techniques to deseasonalise 25(OH)D. Methods Participants were diagnosed between 2002-2006 and 2012-2015 from the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study (AOCS) and the Ovarian Cancer, Prognosis and Lifestyle (OPAL) study, respectively. 25(OH)D concentrations were available for 676 at diagnosis (AOCS), 805 during treatment (AOCS:208; OPAL:597) and 861 after completion of primary treatment and before recurrence (AOCS:342; OPAL:519); 1006 AOCS samples were included in the previous analysis. Sociodemographic, diet and lifestyle data came from questionnaires self-completed at recruitment, and clinical/survival data from medical records, supplemented with National Death Index linkage. We will use Cox regression and non-parametric models to examine associations with survival. Results Median 25(OH)D concentrations were lowest during treatment, intermediate at diagnosis and highest after treatment (AOCS 51, 64, and 71 nmol/L, respectively). 5-year survival was 50% in AOCS and 59% in OPAL. Updated survival results will be presented. Conclusions If the association is confirmed in this updated analysis, then increasing vitamin D concentrations may provide a way to improve survival following OvCa. Key messages Higher circulating vitamin D concentrations may improve survival in OvCa.

scholarly journals Invasive Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Survival by Histotype and Disease Stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren C Peres ◽  
Kara L Cushing-Haugen ◽  
Martin Köbel ◽  
Holly R Harris ◽  
Andrew Berchuck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Survival ◽  
Invasive Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

No Effect of Metformin on Ovarian Cancer Survival: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2595-2601
Author(s):  
Yongbo Wang ◽  
Xiaoxue Liu ◽  
Pengfei Yan ◽  
Yongyi Bi ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Survival

Background: A number of observational studies examined the association between metformin therapy and ovarian cancer survival outcomes, but the results are inconsistent. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on survival for ovarian cancer patients. Methods: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies from the inception to June 11, 2019. The strength of the relationship was assessed using summary of hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical analyses were carried out using the random-effects model. Results: Totally, 6 retrospective cohort studies involving 2,638 ovarian cancer patients were included. Metformin was not associated with improved overall survival (HR=0.78, 95% CI 0.54-1.12, P=0.175, I2= 61.6%) and disease- free survival (HR=0.49, 95% CI 0.20-1.17, P=0.106, I2=82.1%) in ovarian cancer patients compared to nonmetformin users. Conclusion: The current study provides preliminary evidence that metformin may not be associated with a survival benefit for ovarian cancer patients. More studies with rigorous designs are needed.

scholarly journals Exploring variations in ovarian cancer survival by age and stage (ICBP SurvMark-2): A population-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Citadel J. Cabasag ◽  
John Butler ◽  
Melina Arnold ◽  
Mark Rutherford ◽  
Aude Bardot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Survival

scholarly journals The Association Between Hysterectomy and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Record-Linkage Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 1097-1103
Author(s):  
Suzanne C Dixon-Suen ◽  
Penelope M Webb ◽  
Louise F Wilson ◽  
Karen Tuesley ◽  
Louise M Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Hospital Births

Abstract Background Recent studies have called into question the long-held belief that hysterectomy without oophorectomy protects against ovarian cancer. This population-based longitudinal record-linkage study aimed to explore this relationship, overall and by age at hysterectomy, time period, surgery type, and indication for hysterectomy. Methods We followed the female adult Western Australian population (837 942 women) across a 27-year period using linked electoral, hospital, births, deaths, and cancer records. Surgery dates were determined from hospital records, and ovarian cancer diagnoses (n = 1640) were ascertained from cancer registry records. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between hysterectomy and ovarian cancer incidence. Results Hysterectomy without oophorectomy (n = 78 594) was not associated with risk of invasive ovarian cancer overall (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.85 to 1.11) or with the most common serous subtype (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.89 to 1.23). Estimates did not vary statistically significantly by age at procedure, time period, or surgical approach. However, among women with endometriosis (5.8%) or with fibroids (5.7%), hysterectomy was associated with substantially decreased ovarian cancer risk overall (HR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.24, and HR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.36, respectively) and across all subtypes. Conclusions Our results suggest that for most women, having a hysterectomy with ovarian conservation is not likely to substantially alter their risk of developing ovarian cancer. However, our results, if confirmed, suggest that ovarian cancer risk reduction could be considered as a possible benefit of hysterectomy when making decisions about surgical management of endometriosis or fibroids.

scholarly journals Sarcopenia and ovarian cancer survival: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1165-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorne Ubachs ◽  
Janine Ziemons ◽  
Iris J.G. Minis‐Rutten ◽  
Roy F.P.M. Kruitwagen ◽  
Jos Kleijnen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Survival

Comorbidity and ovarian cancer survival in Denmark, 1995–2005: a population-based cohort study

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Tetsche ◽  
M. Nørgaard ◽  
J. Jacobsen ◽  
P. Wogelius ◽  
H. T. Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Charlson Score ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Severe Comorbidity ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Survival ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
The Impact

The impact of comorbid diseases on ovarian cancer survival is largely unknown. We therefore examined (i) the prevalence of comorbidity among ovarian cancer patients and (ii) the impact of comorbidity on ovarian cancer survival and mortality. Using hospital discharge data, we identified Danish women diagnosed with ovarian cancer between 1995 and 2005 (n= 1995 within a population of 1.6 million) and then computed Charlson comorbidity index scores (0, 1–2, and 3+). We estimated the prevalence of comorbidity and computed absolute survival and relative mortality rate ratios (MRRs) according to comorbidity level, using patients with Charlson score 0 as the reference group. During the study period, the proportion of patients without comorbidity fell from 81% to 75%, while the proportion of patients with comorbidity score 1–2 and 3+ rose from 16% to 21% and from 4% to 5%, respectively. Overall 1-year survival increased from 68% in 1995–1997 to 70% in 1998–2000 and to 73% in 2001–2004. For patients with Charlson score 1–2, 1-year adjusted MRRs were 1.1 (95% CI, 0.8–1.6) in 1995–1997, 1.3 (95% CI, 1.0–1.8) in 1998–2000, and 1.7 (95% CI, 1.3–2.4) in 2001–2004. For patients with Charlson score 3+, 1-year adjusted MRRs were 2.4 (95% CI, 1.4–4.3) in 1995–1997, 1.6 (95% CI, 1.0–2.7) in 1998–2000, and 2.2 (95% CI, 1.3–3.8) in 2001–2004. The 5-year MRRs were similar to the 1-year MRRs. One quarter of Danish women with ovarian cancer were found to have comorbid conditions, and 5% had severe comorbidity. Severe comorbidity was a predictor of poorer survival.

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