Self-Efficacy and Social Support as Mediators in the Relation Between Disease Severity and Quality of Life in Patients with Epilepsy

Epilepsia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Amir ◽  
Ilan Roziner ◽  
Alon Knoll ◽  
Miriam Y. Neufeld
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

scholarly journals Longitudinal Changes in Quality of Life and Related Psychosocial Variables in Australians with Multiple Sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Ann Wollin ◽  
Nancy Spencer ◽  
Elizabeth McDonald ◽  
Gary Fulcher ◽  
Maureen Bourne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
The Impact

This study explored changes in quality of life (QOL) and psychosocial variables in a large cohort of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). A total of 1287 Australians with MS were administered self-report questionnaires at baseline and 24 months later to examine the impact of disease severity and duration, perceived stress, self-efficacy, depression, and social support on QOL and self-care. Over the 2-year survey period, MS remained stable for 70% of respondents. Disease severity correlated with social support at baseline but not at 24 months, when the only significant correlation with disease severity was that of the World Health Organization Quality of Life–100 instrument (WHOQOL-100) domain of Level of Independence. Although QOL improved across the WHOQOL-100 domains Physical, Psychological, Level of Independence, Social Relationships, and Environment, decreases were found in the WHOQOL-100 facet overall QOL and well-being as well as self-efficacy over the same time period. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to assess the utility of four control measures. MS disease severity and MS disease duration were entered at Step 1, explaining 16.1% of the variance in QOL. After entry of perceived stress, self-efficacy, social support, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale–21 (DASS-21) at Step 2, the total variance explained by the model as a whole was 55.8% (F6,1028 = 216.495, P < .001). Thus, even in the presence of stable disease and improvement in some WHOQOL-100 domains, overall QOL and self-efficacy had decreased at 2 years after the collection of baseline data. Loss of self-efficacy, increased stress, and depression are key factors in reduced QOL in people with MS.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Factors That Influence Quality of Life and Potential for Self-Management in Multiple Sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Ann Wollin ◽  
Gary Fulcher ◽  
Elizabeth McDonald ◽  
Nancy Spencer ◽  
Miranda Y. Mortlock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Mediating Variables

Optimizing quality of life (QOL) and self-management in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasingly seen as a worthwhile goal. This study aimed to investigate factors that affect QOL in MS. A large national sample of Australians with MS (n = 1848) generated from the Australian Multiple Sclerosis Longitudinal Study completed a survey addressing disease duration and severity, self-efficacy, depression, perceived stress, social support, QOL, and self-management. We tested a model of self-help in which antecedent variables are influenced by mediating variables, which in turn affects outcome variables. In the current study, the antecedent variables were disease duration and disease severity; the mediating variables were self-efficacy, depression, perceived stress, and social support; and the outcome variables were QOL and self-management. We also tested the hypothesis that disease severity, depression, and perceived stress would correlate inversely with QOL and potential for self-management, whereas self-efficacy and perceived level of social support would correlate positively with QOL and potential for self-management. The results indicated that the antecedent variables did not correlate with the mediating variables, with one exception: a negative correlation was found between disease severity and social support. No correlations were found between social support and QOL or self-management. However, significant correlations were found between depression, self-efficacy, stress, and social support and QOL. No correlations were found between either the antecedent or the mediating variables and self-management. The results confirm previous findings of statistically significant correlations between psychosocial factors and QOL.

Theoretical Mediators of Diabetes Risk and Quality of Life Following a Diabetes Prevention Program for Latino Youth With Obesity

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110129
Author(s):  
Erica G. Soltero ◽  
Stephanie L. Ayers ◽  
Marvyn A. Avalos ◽  
Armando Peña ◽  
Allison N. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Diabetes Prevention Program ◽  
Family Social Support

Purpose: This study tested self-efficacy and social support for activity and dietary changes as mediators of changes in type 2 diabetes related outcomes following a lifestyle intervention among Latino youth. Setting and Intervention: Latino adolescents (14-16 years) with obesity (BMI% = 98.1 ± 1.4) were randomized to a 3-month intervention (n = 67) that fostered self-efficacy and social support through weekly, family-centered sessions or a comparison condition (n = 69). Measures: Primary outcomes included insulin sensitivity and weight specific quality of life. Mediators included self-efficacy, friend, and family social support for health behaviors. Data was collected at baseline, 3-months, 6-months, and 12-months. Analysis: Sequential path analysis was used to examine mediators as mechanisms by which the intervention influenced primary outcomes. Results: The intervention had a direct effect on family (β = 0.33, P < .01) and friend social support (β = 0.22, P < .001) immediately following the intervention (3-months). Increased family social support mediated the intervention’s effect on self-efficacy at 6-months (β = 0.09, P < .01). However, social support and self-efficacy did not mediate long-term changes in primary outcomes ( P > .05) at 12-months. Conclusions: Family social support may improve self-efficacy for health behaviors in high-risk Latino youth, highlighting the important role of family diabetes prevention. Fostering family social support is a critical intervention target and more research is needed to understand family-level factors that have the potential to lead to long-term metabolic and psychosocial outcome in vulnerable youth.

scholarly journals Associations of Social Support and Self-Efficacy With Quality of Life in Older Adults With Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela G. Bowen ◽  
Olivio J. Clay ◽  
Loretta T. Lee ◽  
Jason Vice ◽  
Fernando Ovalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy

scholarly journals Depression Differentially Predicts Quality of Life at levels of Self-Efficacy and Social Support in Cardiovascular Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Shameem Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Predictor ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Negative Predictor

Objective: The objectives of the study were twofold: i) to assess whether depression independently predicts four quality of life (QOL) domains in CVD patients; and ii) whether depression interacts with self-efficacy and perceived social support to predict QOL domains among cardiovascular diseases (CVD) patients. Methods: Participants were 174 CVD patients taken from three major government sector hospitals of Lahore who were assessed on self-report measures of depression, self-efficacy, social support and QOL. Results: It was found that depression was a significant negative predictor of all four QOL domains among CVD patients. Furthermore, results from regression analysis demonstrated that depression significantly interacted with self-efficacy to predict physical and environmental QOL. Additionally, depression interacted with social support to physical and social QOL. Specially, depression was a stronger negative predictor of QOL domains at lower levels of self-efficacy and social support while it was a poor predictor at higher levels of self-efficacy and support. Conclusion: It was concluded that social support and self-efficacy act as buffering factors against devastating effects of depression on QOL among CVD patients.

scholarly journals Quality of Life, Social Support, Acceptance of Illness, and Self-Efficacy among Pregnant Women with Hyperglycemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwanowicz-Palus ◽  
Zarajczyk ◽  
Pięta ◽  
Bień
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Acceptance Of Illness

Carbohydrate metabolism disorders resulting in hyperglycemia are among the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy. According to 2017 data from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 16.2% of pregnancies are complicated with hyperglycemia, of which gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) accounts for 86.4% of cases. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders developing during pregnancy require the patient to change her lifestyle or, in some cases, to undergo pharmaceutical treatment, which may affect various aspects of the patient’s life, including her perceived quality of life (QoL). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate levels of QoL, social support, acceptance of illness, and self-efficacy among pregnant patients with hyperglycemia. The study was performed between July 2016 and September 2017 in a group of hyperglycemic pregnant women. The following instruments were used: the World Health Organization Quality of Life—BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), the Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS), the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and a standardized interview questionnaire. Participants rated their overall QoL (3.64 points) higher than their overall perceived health (3.43). In terms of social support, the highest scores were obtained in terms of actually received support (3.53) and perceived available instrumental support (3.52), while the lowest in terms of support seeking (2.99) and the need for support (2.95). The mean acceptance of illness score among the hyperglycemic pregnant women that were studied was 31.37, and the mean generalized self-efficacy score was 31.58. Participants’ reported QoL in the various WHOQOL-BREF domains was associated with specific social support scales, acceptance of illness, and generalized self-efficacy.

Relationships Between Psychosocial Factors and Quality of Life for Adults Who Stutter

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Group Participation ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Adults Who Stutter

Purpose In this study, the author examined the relationship of social support, empowerment, self-help support group participation, and group identification to quality of life in adults who stutter. Method Two-hundred forty-nine adults who stutter completed a web-based survey, including measures of social support, empowerment, self-help support group participation, group identification, and quality of life. Results After controlling for demographic and stuttering parameters, both empowerment in the self-esteem/self-efficacy domain and social support from family significantly predicted quality of life in adults in the sample. Conclusions Increased self-esteem/self-efficacy and social support from family relates to improved quality of life in adults who stutter, independent of stuttering severity. Treatments that increase feelings of self-esteem/self-efficacy and strengthen social support from the family should be considered for individuals who struggle to cope with stuttering in order to enhance their quality of life.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Resources for Hedonic Balance, Life Satisfaction and Happiness in the Elderly: A Path Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5684
Author(s):  
Raquel Lara ◽  
Mᵃ Luisa Vázquez ◽  
Adelaida Ogallar ◽  
Débora Godoy-Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Psychosocial Resources ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

We explored possible paths from physical and mental health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, optimism, and social support to happiness in older adults, considering hedonic balance and life satisfaction as mediators. A total of 154 Spanish male and female (50%) older adults (65–96 years old, M = 77.44, SD = 8.03; 64% noninstitutionalized elderly) voluntarily participated in this correlational, cross-sectional study. The participants completed self-reports on their perceived health status, self-efficacy, social support, optimism, and global subjective well-being (SWB) as well as its dimensions. Path analysis was used to examine direct and indirect relationships. The final model had an excellent fit with the data (χ2(10) = 11.837, p = 0.296, χ2/df = 1.184; SRMR = 0.050, CFI = 0.994, RMSEA = 0.035), revealing the unique causal effects of all the included predictors on happiness. With the exception of self-efficacy, the psychosocial resources predicted older adults’ current happiness, and this relationship was fully mediated by hedonic balance and life satisfaction, which were found to be putative intermediary factors for SWB. Self-efficacy in turn predicted the remaining psychosocial resources. Our findings extend the existing evidence on the influences of health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, optimism, and social support on SWB. Furthermore, they support the proposal of hedonic balance and life satisfaction as dimensions of SWB, thus supporting the tripartite hierarchical model of happiness. These results may inform future interventions seeking to improve happiness in late adulthood.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Factors Associated with Quality of Life in Young Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV/AIDS in Zhejiang, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Jiang ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Mingyu Luo ◽  
Xiaohong Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sex With Men

Objectives: To explore the quality of life (QOL) status and related factors in young human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) aged 16 to 24 years in Zhejiang province. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 22 counties of Zhejiang province, and 395 subjects took part in our research. A t-test, one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis were used to investigate the factors associated with QOL in young HIV-infected MSM. Results: The total score on the QOL was 86.86 ± 14.01. The multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that self-efficacy and discrimination were associated with all domains on the QOL assessment, monthly income was associated with QOL for all domains except spirituality and consistent condom use during oral sex with men in the past three months was associated with QOL for all domains except the relationship domain. Those individuals within the group of young HIV-infected MSM who have higher self-efficacy, a higher monthly income, greater social support, safer sexual behaviors, a higher level of education, and a higher cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count have a better QOL. Conclusions: These findings suggest that to improve the QOL of this population, greater emphasis should be placed on improving social support, self-efficacy, and antiviral therapy adherence and on reducing discrimination, disease progression, and high-risk behaviors.

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