A Retrospective Study Comparing the Outcome of Horses Undergoing Small Intestinal Resection and Anastomosis With A Single Layer (Lembert) or Double Layer (Simple Continuous and Cushing) Technique

Background: Resection and anastomosis of small bowel is one of the common surgical procedure encountered in routine and emergency cases. There are various techniques of anastomosing the resected intestine.Objectives: To know the efficacy of single layer anastomosis over double layer anastomosis in terms of anastomotic leakage, wound infection, mortality and time consumed.Methods: A comparative cross sectional analytical study was carried out at department of General Surgery at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur, Banke, Nepal from January 2013 to December 2013. Altogether 62 patients who underwent resection and anastomosis of small bowel were considered for this study. Patients who were included in this study were equally divided into two groups. Group A (n=32) underwent single layer anastomosis and group B (n=30) were subjected to double layer anastomosis. In both the groups anastomotic leakage, wound infection, mortality and time consumed were recorded and compared.Results: Altogether 62 patients were included in the study. The study showed anastomotic leakage 3 (9.37%) in Group A and 2 (6.67%) in Group B. Wound infection was 6 (18.75%) in Group A and 4(13.33%) in Group B and mortality was observed in only 1(3.12%) patient in Group A due to uncontrolled sepsis. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in anastomotic leakage, wound infection and mortality as shown by respective p (0.696, 0.562, 0.329) values. However the time required for single layer bowel anastomosis was less in comparison to double layer bowel anastomosis.Conclusion: Based on our data, the technique of single layer of bowel anastomosis does not increase the rate of anastomotic leakage, wound infection and mortality however time required for anastomosis is less as compared to double layer anastomosis. Therefore this study concludes that there is no added benefit of double layer of anastomosis over single layer bowel anastomosis.Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College Vol.12(1) 2014: 35-38

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COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN SINGLE LAYER VERSUS DOUBLE LAYER ANASTOMOTIC TECHNIQUE FOR SMALL INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSIS IN ADULTS

Al-Azhar Medical Journal ◽

10.21608/amj.2021.196397 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 2555-2564

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Double Layer ◽

Intestinal Anastomosis ◽

Single Layer ◽

Layer Versus ◽

Anastomotic Technique ◽

Small Intestinal

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Cracking at the fold in double layer coated paper: the influence of latex and starch composition

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj18.2.93 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 93-99

Author(s):

SEYYED MOHAMMAD HASHEMI NAJAFI ◽

DOUGLAS BOUSFIELD, ◽

MEHDI TAJVIDI

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Double Layer ◽

Starch Content ◽

Single Layer ◽

Double Layers ◽

Coated Paper ◽

Coated Papers ◽

Coating Layers ◽

Scanned Images ◽

Packaging Paper

Cracking at the fold of publication and packaging paper grades is a serious problem that can lead to rejection of product. Recent work has revealed some basic mechanisms and the influence of various parameters on the extent of crack area, but no studies are reported using coating layers with known mechanical properties, especially for double-coated systems. In this study, coating layers with different and known mechanical properties were used to characterize crack formation during folding. The coating formulations were applied on two different basis weight papers, and the coated papers were folded. The binder systems in these formulations were different combinations of a styrene-butadiene latex and mixtures of latex and starch for two different pigment volume concentrations (PVC). Both types of papers were coated with single and double layers. The folded area was scanned with a high-resolution scanner while the samples were kept at their folded angle. The scanned images were analyzed within a constant area. The crack areas were reported for different types of papers, binder system and PVC values. As PVC, starch content, and paper basis weight increased, the crack area increased. Double layer coated papers with high PVC and high starch content at the top layer had more cracks in comparison with a single layer coated paper, but when the PVC of the top layer was low, cracking area decreased. No measurable cracking was observed when the top layer was formulated with a 100% latex layer.

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