Cardiac Conduction Disturbances and Ventricular Tachycardia after Prolonged Propofol Infusion in an Infant

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1070-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSHUA D.C. ROBINSON ◽  
YONATHAN MELMAN ◽  
EDWARD P. WALSH
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Conduction Disturbances

scholarly journals Regulation of Cardiac Conduction and Arrhythmias by Ankyrin/Spectrin-Based Macromolecular Complexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Drew Nassal ◽  
Jane Yu ◽  
Dennison Min ◽  
Cemantha Lane ◽  
Rebecca Shaheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Conduction System ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Cardiac Conduction System ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Macromolecular Complexes ◽  
Conduction Disturbances

The cardiac conduction system is an extended network of excitable tissue tasked with generation and propagation of electrical impulses to signal coordinated contraction of the heart. The fidelity of this system depends on the proper spatio-temporal regulation of ion channels in myocytes throughout the conduction system. Importantly, inherited or acquired defects in a wide class of ion channels has been linked to dysfunction at various stages of the conduction system resulting in life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia. There is growing appreciation of the role that adapter and cytoskeletal proteins play in organizing ion channel macromolecular complexes critical for proper function of the cardiac conduction system. In particular, members of the ankyrin and spectrin families have emerged as important nodes for normal expression and regulation of ion channels in myocytes throughout the conduction system. Human variants impacting ankyrin/spectrin function give rise to a broad constellation of cardiac arrhythmias. Furthermore, chronic neurohumoral and biomechanical stress promotes ankyrin/spectrin loss of function that likely contributes to conduction disturbances in the setting of acquired cardiac disease. Collectively, this review seeks to bring attention to the significance of these cytoskeletal players and emphasize the potential therapeutic role they represent in a myriad of cardiac disease states.

Rhythm and Conduction Disturbances in Stress Testing

2018 ◽  
pp. 199-228
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Thomas ◽  
Maryam Balouch
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Conduction Disturbances ◽  
Wide Complex Tachycardia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Test Exercise ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Exercise Induced

The chapter Rhythm and Conduction Disturbances in Stress Testing reviews the frequency and significance of arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities precipitated by exercise. Case examples are provided. PVCs occurring prior to, during exercise, or during recovery all modestly increase the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with and without known coronary artery disease (CAD). Ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular complexes are often not reproducible on a subsequent exercise test. Exercise induced left bundle branch block (LBBB) predicts increased risk of the presence of CAD, all cause mortality, and often permanent LBBB. Differentiating wide complex tachycardia during exercise testing between supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia can be challenging. The Wellens, Brugada, and Vereckei algorithms to distinguish between these arrhythmias are detailed and compared.

scholarly journals Ventricular tachycardia in patients with type 1 myotonic dystrophy: a case series

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Nikhanj ◽  
Soori Sivakumaran ◽  
Bailey Miskew-Nichols ◽  
Zaeem A Siddiqi ◽  
Gavin Y Oudit
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Myotonic Dystrophy ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Cardiac Resynchronization ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Medical Therapies

Abstract Background Type 1 myotonic dystrophy (DM1) is associated with a variety of cardiac conduction abnormalities and the frequent need for permanent pacing. However, the role of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and the implied risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is poorly understood. Case summary This study examined a 56-patient DM1 cohort of men and women, and identified five patients (two females and three males) with ventricular arrhythmias (8.9%). Patients were reviewed on a case-by-case basis, with their clinical presentation and management of VT and the associated cardiomyopathy indicated. Patient cardiac function was determined by 12-lead electrocardiogram, 48-h Holter monitor, and transthoracic echocardiography. These patients were therefore suitable candidates for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation and received these devices; four of the five patients also received cardiac resynchronization therapy. Medical therapies included angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and following device implantation, beta-blocker therapy was initiated. Discussion Our case series demonstrates the prevalence of VT in patients with DM1 highlighting the associated risks of SCD in this patient population. The burden of ventricular arrhythmias, advanced conduction disease, and cardiomyopathy are best treated with a combination of device and medical therapies.

The nature of electrical propagation in cardiac muscle

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (1) ◽  
pp. H3-H22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Spach ◽  
J. M. Kootsey
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Conduction Disturbances ◽  
Spatial Nonuniformity ◽  
Cardiac Impulse ◽  
Major Implication ◽  
Discontinuous Nature ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Axial Resistance

It has long been appreciated that cardiac muscle is composed of individual cells connected by low-resistance connections, but most concepts of cardiac impulse conduction have been based on a simplified model of propagation assuming continuously uniform intracellular resistivity in the direction of propagation. In this article we describe the development of the application of the theory of continuous media to propagation in cardiac muscle and review some of the successes achieved with this theory. New evidence is cited that propagation in cardiac muscle often displays a discontinuous nature. We consider the hypothesis that this previously unrecognized aspect of propagation can be explained by discontinuities in axial resistance related to known structural complexities of cardiac muscle. A major implication is that the combination of discontinuities of effective axial resistivity at several size levels can produce a wide variety of complex abnormalities of propagation, including most currently known cardiac conduction disturbances that have been considered to require spatial nonuniformity of membrane properties.

Cardiac conduction disturbances after percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. e32-e33
Author(s):  
Ana Laynez ◽  
Itsik Ben-Dor ◽  
Kohei Wakabayashi ◽  
Rafael Romaguera ◽  
Manuel A. Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty ◽  
Conduction Disturbances ◽  
Percutaneous Balloon ◽  
Aortic Valvuloplasty

scholarly journals CARDIAC CONDUCTION DISTURBANCES FOLLOWING TRANSAPICAL «MEDLAB-KT» AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION: FIRST RESULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2(96)) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
O. V. Popylkova ◽  
S. S. Durmanov ◽  
V. V. Bazylev ◽  
A. B. Voevodin
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Block Type ◽  
Av Block ◽  
Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Conduction Disturbances ◽  
Conduction Abnormalities ◽  
Complete Av Block

Aim: to assess cardiac conduction disturbances after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with the “MedLab-KT” device in early postoperative period.Methods. The study comprised 80 patients (mean age 72,4±5,1 years; 42,5% males) undergoing successful TAVR with the “MedLab-KT”. Before operation, all patients were evaluated with 12-lead ECG and 24-hour Holter monitoring, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, computed tomography, coronarography. In 29 (36,3%) patients cardiac conduction abnormalities were detected before operation: 1st degree atrioventricular (AV) block was found in 17 patients, including concomitant left anterior hemiblock (LAH) in 7 patients, and right bundle branch block (RBBB) in 3 (LAH+RBBB). Second degree AV-block type 1 was found in 1 patient. LAH – in 2, RBBB – in 5, and left bundle branch block (LBBB) – in 4. Post-operative follow-up was limited to hospital stay (13,4±7,4 days).Results. De-novo conduction abnormalities (reversible and irreversible) were detected in 41 patients (51,3%). Post-TAVR complete AV-block was found in 6 (7,5%) patients, and required temporal pacing. In 4 of those patients AV-block was transient and resolved within 1 day. In 2 (2,5%) patients permanent pacing was required due to irreversible distal AV-block. In one case AV-block developed 2 days after TAVR in a patient with pre-existent 1st degree AV-block in combination with LAH+RBBB. Another patient developed complete AV-block at 3d day after TAVR; in this case there was pre-existent 1st degree AV-block plus LAH. Persistent interventricular block was found in 35 patients: complete LBBB - in 17 patients and complete RBBB – in 1 patient. There were no statistically significant predictors of conduction disturbance development following TAVR.

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