Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Part III: Health Effects of Interpersonal Violence Among Women

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Hegadoren ◽  
G. C. Lasiuk ◽  
N. J. Coupland
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Stress Disorder

scholarly journals EEG recording during an emotional face-matching task in children of mothers with interpersonal violence-related posttraumatic stress disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Virginie C. Perizzolo ◽  
Cristina Berchio ◽  
Dominik A. Moser ◽  
Cristina Puro Gomez ◽  
Marylène Vital ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Face Matching ◽  
Emotional Face

Predicting Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Survivors of Recent Interpersonal Violence

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052097819
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Morris ◽  
Francisco Sanchez-Sáez ◽  
Brooklynn Bailey ◽  
Natalie Hellman ◽  
Amber Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptom ◽  
Stress Symptom

A substantial minority of women who experience interpersonal violence will develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One critical challenge for preventing PTSD is predicting whose acute posttraumatic stress symptoms will worsen to a clinically significant degree. This 6-month longitudinal study adopted multilevel modeling and exploratory machine learning (ML) methods to predict PTSD onset in 58 young women, ages 18 to 30, who experienced an incident of physical and/or sexual assault in the three months prior to baseline assessment. Women completed baseline assessments of theory-driven cognitive and neurobiological predictors and interview-based measures of PTSD diagnostic status and symptom severity at 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups. Higher levels of self-blame, generalized anxiety disorder severity, childhood trauma exposure, and impairment across multiple domains were associated with a pattern of high and stable posttraumatic stress symptom severity over time. Predictive performance for PTSD onset was similarly strong for a gradient boosting machine learning model including all predictors and a logistic regression model including only baseline posttraumatic stress symptom severity. The present findings provide directions for future work on PTSD prediction among interpersonal violence survivors that could enhance early risk detection and potentially inform targeted prevention programs.

Revenge Porn and Mental Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Bates
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Female Survivors ◽  
Revenge Porn ◽  
Mental Health Effects ◽  
Anxiety Depression

This study examines the emotional and mental health effects revenge porn has on female survivors. To date, no other academic studies have exclusively focused on mental health effects in revenge porn cases. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted between February 2014 and January 2015 with 18 female revenge porn survivors, and inductive analysis revealed participants’ experiences of trust issues, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, and several other mental health effects. These findings reveal the seriousness of revenge porn, the devastating impacts it has on survivors’ mental health, and similarities between revenge porn and sexual assault.

Intrusive Memories and Modality-Specific Mental Imagery in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 218 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Jelinek ◽  
Sarah Randjbar ◽  
Michael Kellner ◽  
Angnes Untiedt ◽  
Jana Volkert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Intrusive Memories ◽  
The Impact

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by vivid intrusive memories of the trauma. Among these, visual sensations of the trauma are most commonly reported. However, intrusions may involve other senses as well (e.g., acoustic, olfactory, or bodily sensations). It has been proposed that enhanced mental imagery may predispose individuals with traumatic experiences to intrusions and ultimately to PTSD. A total of 58 victims of interpersonal violence with current (n = 20), past (n = 19), and no lifetime PTSD (n = 19) as well as non-traumatized controls (n = 23) were assessed with the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) and a modality-specific imagery questionnaire. Moreover, the sensory quality of the traumatic intrusions was assessed in traumatized participants. Participants with recovered PTSD displayed less overall mental imagery than the other three groups who were indistinguishable. No relation was found between the modality-specific mental imagery and the sensory quality of the intrusions. The impact of mental imagery on intrusive memories in PTSD is complex. Less mental imagery appears beneficial in the recovery process, but does not prevent the development of intrusive symptoms in the first place. Further investigation of perceptual and memory vividness as well imagery control (i.e., to sustain, modify, or terminate an image) also including trauma-related material may be important for trauma-specific interventions.

scholarly journals Prior Interpersonal Violence Exposure and Experiences During and After a Disaster as Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Among Adolescent Victims of the Spring 2011 Tornadoes

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5179-5197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Resnick ◽  
Kelly L. Zuromski ◽  
Sandro Galea ◽  
Matthew Price ◽  
Amanda K. Gilmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Final Model ◽  
History Of ◽  
Disaster Exposure

The purpose of the current report was to examine prior history of exposure to interpersonal violence (IPV), as compared with prior accident or prior disaster exposure, experiences during and after a disaster, and demographic variables as predictors of past month posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression severity among adolescents exposed to the tornadoes in Alabama and Missouri. IPV exposure has been consistently identified as a unique category of potentially traumatic events (PTE) that significantly increases risk for development of PTSD and other difficulties relative to other event types among adolescents. A population-based sample of adolescents and caregivers ( N = 2,000) were recruited randomly from tornado-affected communities in Alabama and Joplin, Missouri. Participants completed structured telephone interviews on an average of 8.8 months posttornado. Prior history of IPV was prevalent (36.5%), as was reported history of accidents (25.9%) and prior disaster exposure (26.9%). Negative binomial regression analyses with PTSD and depression symptom counts for past month as outcome variables indicated that history of predisaster IPV was most robustly related to PTSD and depression symptoms, such that those with a history of IPV endorsed over 3 times the number of symptoms than those without IPV history. Final model statistics indicated that female gender, physical injury to caregiver, concern about others’ safety, prior disaster, prior accident, and prior IPV exposure were also related to PTSD. Predictors of depression symptoms were similar with the exception that concern about others’ safety was not a predictor and age was a predictor in the final model. It is important to evaluate potential additive effects of IPV history in addition to recent disaster exposure variables and to consider such history when developing interventions aimed to reduce or prevent symptoms of PTSD and depression among adolescents recently exposed to disaster.

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