Alfalfa mosaic virus isolates from lucerne in South Australia: biological variability and antigenic similarity

1988 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. HAJIMORAD ◽  
R. I. B. FRANCKI
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Biological Variability ◽  
Antigenic Similarity ◽  
Virus Isolates

Virus diseases of perennial pasture legumes in Australia: incidences, losses, epidemiology, and management

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Virus Identification ◽  
Pasture Legumes

This article reviews current knowledge for Australia over the occurrence, losses caused, epidemiology, and management of virus diseases of perennial pasture legumes. Currently, 24 viruses have been found infecting perennial pasture legumes, and one or more viruses have been detected in 21 of these species. These viruses are transmitted by insect vectors, non-persistently or persistently, by contact or via seed. Their modes of transmission are critical factors determining their incidences within pastures in different climatic zones. Large-scale national or state surveys of lucerne (alfalfa) (Medicago sativa) and white clover (Trifolium repens) pastures revealed that some viruses reach high incidences. Infection with Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) was very widespread in lucerne stands, and with AMV and White clover mosaic virus (WClMV) in white clover pastures. Several other viruses are potentially important in pastures in these and other perennial temperate/Mediterranean pasture species. Data demonstrating herbage yield losses, diminished pasture persistence, and impaired nitrogen fixation/nodule function are available for AMV in lucerne, and AMV, WClMV, and Clover yellow vein virus in white clover. Integrated Disease Management approaches involving phytosanitary, cultural, chemical, and host resistance control measures are available to minimise virus infection in lucerne and white clover. Research on virus diseases of perennial tropical–subtropical pasture legumes has focussed almost entirely on virus identification, and information on their incidences in pastures, the losses they cause, and how to control them is lacking. Overall, viruses of perennial pasture legumes are least studied in South Australia and the Northern Territory. These and other critical research and development gaps that need addressing are identified.

Alfalfa mosaic virus. [Distribution map].

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Alfalfa mosaic virus Viruses: Bromoviridae: Alfamovirus Attacks a very wide range of hosts. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Central Russia Russia, Southern Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep.), ASIA, Bangladesh, China, Nei, Menggu, Shaanxi, Zhejiang, India, Maharashtra, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Jordan, Korea Republic, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Yemen, AFRICA, Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Tunisia, Zambia, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Parana, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand.

Bean leafroll virus is widespread in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) seed crops and can be persistently transmitted by bluegreen aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji)

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 902 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Peck ◽  
N. Habili ◽  
R. M. Nair ◽  
J. W. Randles ◽  
C. T. de Koning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Bean Leafroll Virus ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
Clover Seed

In the mid 2000s subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) seed producers in South Australia reported symptoms of a red-leaf disease in fields with reduced seed yields. The red-leaf symptoms resembled those caused by several clover-infecting viruses. A set of molecular diagnostic tools were developed for the following viruses which are known to infect subterranean clover: Alfalfa mosaic virus; Bean leafroll virus (BLRV); Beet western yellows virus; Bean yellow mosaic virus; Cucumber mosaic virus; Pea seed-borne mosaic virus; Soybean dwarf virus and Subterranean clover stunt virus. Surveys of subterranean clover seed production fields in 2008 in the south-east of South Australia and western Victoria identified Bean leafroll virus, Alfalfa mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus as present, with BLRV the most widespread. Surveys of pasture seed production fields and pasture evaluation trials in 2009 confirmed that BLRV was widespread. This result will allow seed producers to determine whether control measures directed against BLRV will overcome their seed losses. Bluegreen aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi) was implicated as a potential vector of BLRV because it was observed to be colonising lucerne plants adjacent to subterranean clover seed production paddocks with BLRV, and in a glasshouse trial it transmitted BLRV from an infected lucerne plant to subterranean clover in a persistent manner.

scholarly journals Occurrence and distribution of viruses infecting the bean in Serbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Petrovic ◽  
Maja Ignjatov ◽  
Zorica Nikolic ◽  
Milka Vujakovic ◽  
Mirjana Vasic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Virus Isolates ◽  
Viral Isolates

This work describes the incidence and distribution of the most important bean viruses in Serbia: Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV). The viral isolates were characterized serologically and biologically. BCMV was found in the largest number of plants (30.53%), followed by BCMNV (2.67%), CMV (5.34%), and AMV (3.41%), since BYMV was not determined. Mixed viral infections were found in several samples. The RT-PCR method was used to prove that the tested isolates belong to the BCMV, family Potyviridae and strains Russian and NL-3 D. Results obtained in this work will enable further studies of the genetic variability of bean virus isolates from Serbia. .

Molecular and partial biological characterization of the coat protein sequences of Iranian alfalfa mosaic virus isolates

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mangeli ◽  
Hossain Massumi ◽  
Fereshteh Alipour ◽  
Mohammad Maddahian ◽  
Jahangir Heydarnejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Protein Sequences ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Virus Isolates

scholarly journals The Simultaneous Transmission of a Plant-Pathogenic Bacterium and a Virus From Rose by Grafting and Mechanical Inoculation

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
AA Basit ◽  
RIB Francki ◽  
A Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Pathogenic Bacterium ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacterium ◽  
Mechanical Inoculation ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Virus Isolates ◽  
Simultaneous Transmission

Fulton (1952) reported the transmission of rose mosaic virus (RMV) by mechanical inoculation from Rosa setigera Michx. to cucumber and thereafter to other herbaceous plants. This made possible the characterization of the virus, and later, its purification (Fulton 1967). In South Australia we have been unable to transmit viruses from rose leaves, flowers, or roots by mechanical inoculation directly to herbaceous plants. However, we have transmitted several virus isolates by patchbark grafting rose material to young peach seedlings and then mechanically transmitting virus from young peach leaves to cucumber seedlings (Basit and Francki, unpublished data). From at least one rose plant we have consistently isolated two pathogens via peach seedlings to cucumber seedlings, both of which were at first thought to be viruses but later one of the pathogens was identified as a species of Pseudomonas.

THESIS SUMMARY STUDIES OF ALFALFA MOSAIC VIRUS AND SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER RED LEAF VIRUS

1979 ◽  
pp. 163-164
Author(s):  
P.B. Teh
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Transmission Frequency ◽  
Virus Source ◽  
Leaf Virus

AMV was shown to be transmitted by sap, aphids and through lucerne seed, but not by Cuscuta. Virus source and test plant influenced transmission frequency. Sap-inoculation tests showed that 20 species of plants were susceptible to this virus. Thirteen species of plants from the fields where AMV had been detected were tested but only three were found to be infected with the virus.

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