The Use of an Objective Index for the Assessment of the Contamination of Surface Water and Groundwater by Acid Mine Drainage

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 332-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater

scholarly journals Recent developments in materials used for the removal of metal ions from acid mine drainage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tebogo M. Mokgehle ◽  
Nikita T. Tavengwa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Ion Imprinted ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ion Imprinted Polymers

AbstractAcid mine drainage is the reaction of surface water with sub-surface water located on sulfur bearing rocks, resulting in sulfuric acid. These highly acidic conditions result in leaching of non-biodegradeable heavy metals from rock which then accumulate in flora, posing a significant environmental hazard. Hence, reliable, cost effective remediation techniques are continuously sought after by researchers. A range of materials were examined as adsorbents in the extraction of heavy metal ions from acid mine drainage (AMD). However, these materials generally have moderate to poor adsorption capacities. To address this problem, researchers have recently turned to nano-sized materials to enhance the surface area of the adsorbent when in contact with the heavy metal solution. Lately, there have been developments in studying the surface chemistry of nano-engineered materials during adsorption, which involved alterations in the physical and chemical make-up of nanomaterials. The resultant surface engineered nanomaterials have been proven to show rapid adsorption rates and remarkable adsorption capacities for removal of a wide range of heavy metal contaminants in AMD compared to the unmodified nanomaterials. A brief overview of zeolites as adsorbents and the developent of nanosorbents to modernly applied magnetic sorbents and ion imprinted polymers will be discussed. This work provides researchers with thorough insight into the adsorption mechanism and performance of nanosorbents, and finds common ground between the past, present and future of these versatile materials.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Influence of Surface Water Contaminated by Acid Mine Drainage on the Populations of Diatoms in Dams (Iberian Pyrite Belt, SW Spain)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Rivera ◽  
Ana Teresa Luís ◽  
José Antonio Grande ◽  
Aguasanta Miguel Sarmiento ◽  
José Miguel Dávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Diatom Communities ◽  
Chemical Conditions

Twenty-three water dams located in the Iberian Pyrite Belt were studied during March 2012 (early spring) in order to carry out an environmental assessment based on diatom communities and to define the relationships between these biological communities and the physico-chemical characteristics of the dam surface water. This is the first time that a diatom inventory has been done for dams affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) in the Spanish part of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB). It was found that the pH was the main factor influencing the behaviour of the diatom communities. Then, using a dbRDA approach it was possible to organize the aggrupation of diatoms into four groups in response to the physico-chemical conditions of the ecosystem, especially pH: (1) Maris, Aac, Gos, Cmora (pH 2–3); (2) Andc, San, And, Dpin (pH 3–4.5); (3) Gran, Pleon, Oliv, Lagu, Chan, SilI, SilII, Joya, Gar, Agrio, Camp, Corum (pH 4.5–6); (4) Herr, Diq I, Diq II (pH 6–7). The obtained results confirmed the response of benthic diatom communities to changes in the physico-chemical characteristics of surface water, and helped to understand the role of diatoms as indicators of the degree of AMD contamination in those 23 dams. Special attention was given to those that have an acidophilic or acid-tolerant profile (pH 2–3 and pH 3–4.5) such as Pinnularia aljustrelica, Pinnularia acidophila, Pinnularia acoricola and Eunotia exigua, which are the two groups found in the most AMD contaminated dams.

scholarly journals Metal Pollution Indices of Bottom Sediment and Surface Water Affected by Acid Mine Drainage

Metals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Singovszka ◽  
Magdalena Balintova ◽  
Stefan Demcak ◽  
Petra Pavlikova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Acid Mine

scholarly journals Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Acid Mine Drainage on Surface Water, Stream Sediments, and Macrophytes Using a Battery of Chemical and Ecotoxicological Indicators

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1436
Author(s):  
Paula Alvarenga ◽  
Nádia Guerreiro ◽  
Isabel Simões ◽  
Maria José Imaginário ◽  
Patrícia Palma
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
The Impact

Mining activities at the Portuguese sector of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) have been responsible for the pollution of water, sediments, and biota, caused by the acid mine drainage (AMD) from the tailing deposits. The impact has been felt for years in the rivers and streams receiving AMD from the Aljustrel mine (SW sector of the IPB, Portugal), such as at the Água Forte stream, a tributary of the Roxo stream (Sado and Mira Hydrographic Region). To evaluate the extent of that environmental impact prior to the remediation actions, surface water, sediments, and the macrophyte Scirpus holoschoenus L. were sampled at the Água Forte and the Roxo streams, upstream and downstream from the confluence. The surface water and the sediments were extremely acidic at the Água Forte stream (pH ranges 2.22–2.92 for the water and 2.57–3.32 for the sediment), with high As, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations of 2.1, 120, 0.21, and 421 mg kg−1, respectively, in the water, and 661, 1746, 539, and 1994 mg kg−1, respectively, in the sediment, in the location closer to the mine. Two aquatic bioassays evidenced the high ecotoxicity of the Água Forte water at that site, with very low EC50 values for Vibrio fischeri luminescence inhibition (<3.1% v/v) and Daphnia magna 48-hour immobilization/mortality assays (<6.3% v/v). The impact of the AMD was also evident in the sediments of the Roxo stream, but not so marked in the water, with circa neutral pH and lower As, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations. Consistently, the ecotoxicological response was only felt in the sampling point closer to the confluence of the Água Forte with the Roxo stream, with an EC20 of 27.0% (v/v) towards the V. fischeri. One of the dominant and well adapted macrophytes, S. holoschoenus L., presented low bioaccumulation factors for Cu (0.04) and Zn (0.15) in their emerging parts, and very low concentrations for As and Pb, making this plant a potential candidate to be used in phytoremediation actions to treat and control AMD in the IPB.

scholarly journals Environmental Assessment of Surface Water/Coal Deposit Interaction from Trace Minerals in Okaba Coal Field, Okaba North Central Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwole D Adigun ◽  
Sunday Kayode
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Coal Deposit ◽  
North Central ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Inorganic Chemical

The concentration of inorganic chemical substances released into surface water from Okaba coal deposit were measured using spectroscopic techniques in order to assess the extent of pollution. Parameters measured (Pb, Fe, Cu, Cr, SO42-,  Cl-, Mn, Zn and pH) showed that water samples within the mine area contain Pb, Fe, Cr, Cl-, Mn and Zn in concentrations beyond permissible intake limits; and the concentration of chloride measured (3000 mg/L) is capable of causing acid mine drainage (AMD). Concurrent evaluation of these inorganic substances using quantitative assessment reveal the possible presence of trace minerals like galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite and clay in Okaba coal deposit. Keywords— Acid mine drainage (AMD), Coal, Trace minerals, Water pollution

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