Constructed Wetlands and Reed-Beds: Mature Technology for the Treatment of Wastewater from Small Populations

62 SSF sand-based constructed wetlands in Germany, Austria and Switzerland have been evaluated for their phosphorus performance. In addition intensive investigations on the removal of phosphorus and its accumulation within the filter bed were conducted at five wetlands. For the performance of horizontal flow (HF) reed beds a regression equation could be derived. This was not possible for vertical flow (VF) reed beds. The best removal efficiency was observed from HF systems with hydraulic loading rates of 10 mm d-1 or less. 50 percent of all investigated HF wetlands had an average P output concentration of less than 2.1 mg l-1 in comparison to 3.3 mg l-1 of VF wetlands. Saturation, seasonal and redox effects could be derived from time series analysis of the performance rate and further investigations of a well monitored VF reed bed. The retention of phosphorus was highest during the warm season. A small positive effect on phosphorus removal was observed with intermittent low redox levels. Soil analyses showed the highest accumulation of P within the influent zone of either HF or VF wetlands.

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Ten years experience of treating all flows from combined sewerage systems using package plant and constructed wetland combinations

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2004.0813 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 48 (11-12) ◽

pp. 93-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

P. Griffin

Keyword(s):

Constructed Wetlands ◽

Constructed Wetland ◽

Stormwater Treatment ◽

Tertiary Treatment ◽

Reed Beds ◽

Effluent Quality ◽

Rotating Biological Contactors ◽

Dry Weather Flow

Severn Trent Water have been using constructed wetlands since 1991 as part of a flowsheet in which 6 DWF (Dry Weather Flow) is treated by rotating biological contactors (RBCs), and constructed reed beds used to provide both tertiary treatment and stormwater treatment. The company now has over 50 such sites using this flowsheet. Dimensioning and effluent quality achievable is reported and data presented showing the performance of reed beds treating stormwater alone or in admixture with RBC effluent. After 8-10 years of operation the condition of a number of storm reed beds was assessed to determine the remaining asset life. The majority seem likely to achieve at least another five years of operation before further review is needed.

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The Use of Constructed Wetlands for Treating Industrial Effluent (Textile Dyes)

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1994.0197 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 227-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

T. H. Davies ◽

P. D. Cottingham

Keyword(s):

Constructed Wetlands ◽

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Industrial Effluent ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Textile Dye ◽

Dye Wastewater ◽

Reed Beds ◽

Textile Dyeing ◽

Wide Range ◽

Processing Water

Constructed wetlands bave the capability to treat industrial wastewater containing a wide range of chemicals, including priority pollutants such as phenols and cresols, by processes such as absorption and bacterial breakdown, chemical oxidation, adsorption onto the bed matrix and sedimentation. A brief overview of this technique is presented along with details of preliminary trials carried out on textile dyeing and processing water. The trials were conducted in a horizontal flow, gravel bed reed (30m × 5m), located in Melbourne, Australia. The textile dye wastewater was applied at an influent rate of 10 1/min., resulting in a retention time in the reed beds of 3–4 days, results indicated that breakdown of the visible dye occurred mainly in the first one third of the bed.

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Technologies for urban water recycling

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2008.046 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marc Pidou ◽

Fayyaz Ali ◽

Ronnie Frazer Williams ◽

Paul Jeffrey ◽

Tom Stephenson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Constructed Wetlands ◽

Biological System ◽

Membrane Bioreactor ◽

High Strength ◽

Chemical Reactor ◽

Chemical System ◽

Urban Water ◽

Reed Beds ◽

System A

This paper presents a comparative analysis of 5 systems for the treatment of greywater for reuse. The systems investigated were a biological system: a membrane bioreactor (MBR), a chemical system: a membrane chemical reactor (MCR) and three constructed wetlands: vertical (VFRB) and horizontal (HFRB) flow reed beds and a green roof (GROW). The results revealed that the GROW and the HFRB achieved a limited treatment of the greywater. Alternatively, the MBR, the MCR and the VFRB achieved a good general treatment of the greywater. However, the MBR and MCR alter more significantly the solids and microbial fractions. Overall, the MBR was found to be the most suitable technology for greywater recycling due to its robustness. Indeed, the MBR constantly achieved an excellent treatment of the high strength greywater.

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Temperature Effects on Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands: Performance in Midwest

Engineering Approaches to Ecosystem Restoration ◽

10.1061/40382(1998)10 ◽

1998 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. F. Dahab ◽

S. M. Vanier

Keyword(s):

Constructed Wetlands ◽

Temperature Effects ◽

Subsurface Flow ◽

Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

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IDENTIFYING THE MOST SUITABLE AREAS FOR SURFACE FLOW WETLAND CONSTRUCTION IN LITHUANIA

Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific Conference Rural Development 2015 ◽

10.15544/rd.2015.060 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Antanas DUMBRAUSKAS ◽

Nijolė BASTIENĖ ◽

Petras PUNYS

Keyword(s):

Constructed Wetlands ◽

Ecological Status ◽

Surface Flow ◽

Gis Analysis ◽

Proximity Analysis ◽

Wetland Construction ◽

The Mean ◽

Two Phases ◽

Terrain Features ◽

Surface Flow Constructed Wetlands

GIS-based approach to find the suitable sites for surface flow constructed wetlands was employed for the Lithuanian river basins with low ecological status. According to the nature of the analysed criteria the flowchart consists of two phases. Criteria used include hydrographical network, soil properties, terrain features, land use, etc. Some of them have strictly defined values (constraints), and other ranges within certain limits (factors). Limited criteria were analysed using rejection principle and influencing factors using proximity analysis and overlay methods. Selecting the potential sites using standard GIS analysis tools there was estimated about 3286 sites for possible wetlands with the mean area of inflow basin about 4 km2 in the basins of water bodies at risk.

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