ANIMAL NUTRITION RESEARCH AT THE ROWETT RESEARCH INSTITUTE 1972

A State Committee recommended the founding of State Agricultural Experiment Stations (Rijkslandbouwproofstations) in order to keep pace with world trade, particularly in the dairy export trade. Organization and research in nutrition related areas is briefly outlined. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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141 A nutrigenomics approach using RNA sequencing technology to study nutrient-gene interactions in agricultural animals

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.275 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 135-135

Author(s):

Shengfa F Liao ◽

Shamimul Hasan ◽

Jean M Feugang

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Rna Sequencing ◽

Gene Interactions ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Bottom Line ◽

Holistic View ◽

Nutrition Research ◽

Dietary Nutrients ◽

A Genome

Abstract Animal life essentially is a set of gene expression processes. Thorough understanding of these processes driven by dietary nutrients and other environmental factors can be regarded as a bottom line of modern advanced animal nutrition research for improving animal growth, development, health, production, and reproduction performance. Nutrigenomics, a genome-wide approach using the knowledge and techniques obtained from the disciplines of genomics (including transcriptomics) and molecular biology, is to study the effects of dietary nutrients on cellular gene expression, cellular metabolic responses and, ultimately, the phenotypic changes of a living organism. Transcriptomics can be applied to investigate animal tissue transcriptome at a defined physiological or nutritional state, which provides a holistic view of the intracellular expression of RNA, especially mRNA. As a novel, promising transcriptomics approach, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology can monitor all-gene expressions simultaneously in response to dietary intervention. The principle and history of RNA-Seq technology will be briefly reviewed, and the three principal steps of this methodology, including the laboratory analysis of tissue samples, the bioinformatics analysis of the generated sequence data, and the subsequent biological interpretation of the data, will be described. The application of RNA-Seq technology in different areas of animal nutrition research, which include maternal nutrition, feeding strategy and gut microbiota, will be summarized. Lastly, the application of RNA-Seq technology in swine science and nutrition research will also be discussed. In short, to further improve animal feeding or production efficiency, RNA-Seq technology holds a great potential to be employed to explore the new insights into better understanding of nutrient-gene interactions in agricultural animals, and it is expected that the application of this cutting-edge technology in animal nutrition research will continue to grow in the foreseeable future. This research was supported in part by a USDA-NIFA Multistate Project (No. 1007691).

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The Rowett Research Institute for Animal Nutrition: Golden Jubilee

Nature ◽

10.1038/200635a0 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 200 (4907) ◽

pp. 635-635

Author(s):

D. P. CUTHBERTSON

Keyword(s):

Animal Nutrition ◽

Golden Jubilee ◽

Research Institute

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Nutritive Value and the Quality of Ensiled Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) and Banana (Musa acuminata) Peelings

ANIMAL PRODUCTION ◽

10.20884/1.jap.2017.19.2.594 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Sangle Y Randa ◽

Marlyn N Lekitoo ◽

Deny A Iyai ◽

Freddy Pattiselanno

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Napier Grass ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Banana Peel ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Light Yellow ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum Schum ◽

Research Institute

This paper aimed to evaluate the nutritive value and the quality of ensiled Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) and banana (Musa acuminate) peelings. Different levels of banana peeling and Napier grass were used in this study. The levels of Napier grass and banana peeling compared as treatments with four replications were as follows: 100% Napier Grass (NG), 75% (NG) + 25% Banana Peeling (BP), 50%NG + 50%BP, 25%NG + 75% BP and 100%BP. Napier grass and banana peeling were mixed based on the percentage combination as treatments, weighed and placed into empty jam bottle with weights ranging from 64.4 grams to 509.2 grams as a simulated laboratory silo. Samples were stored in eight weeks at the Dairy Training Research Institute. Proximate analyses were done at Animal Nutrition Laboratory Institute of Animal Science while ADF, NDF, IVDMD, and IVOMD were done at the Animal Nutrition Division Laboratory at Dairy Training and Research Institute, UP Los Baños. Physically, the color of silage were light yellow with a little greenish color for 100% napier grass, light to moderately yellow for the three combinations of napier and banana peel and yellow for 100% banana peel. Texture ranged from dry and coarse for napier grass, relatively dry for the combinations and moderately wet for the banana peel. The napier grass had a slightly acidic smell, the combinations had slightly sweet, acidic smell while the 100% banana peel had a sweeter, acidic smell. Likewise, pH before ensiling had ranged from 5.7 (25%NG + 75%BP) to 7.5 ( 100% BP) while after ensiling the pH changed from 4.575 ( 100% napier grass) to 5.75 ( 100% banana peel ). There were significant differences on DM, Moisture, CP, EE, CF, and Ash before ensiling. Similar trend was observed after ensiling except the ash content of all the treatments. ADF and NDF did not show significant variations in all treatments. IVDMD and IVOMD before ensiling varied significantly, but after ensiling only IVDMD of the treatments differed significantly. In terms of physical attributes, nutritive value and digestibility, banana peel can be used as silage material. All treatments generated comparable acceptability when fed to the animal. It is suggested that further study, specifically in vivo trial, will be conducted to validate the feeding and nutritional value of banana peel as alternative silage for ruminants.

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A survey of some in vitro methods used for animal nutrition research and extension work in Europe: the differences between the references and the truth

BSAP Occasional Publication ◽

10.1017/s0263967x0003305x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 338-340

Author(s):

C. R. Mills

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Concerted Action ◽

In Vitro Methods ◽

Nutrition Research ◽

Extension Work ◽

Nutritional Needs

As animal nutritionists are generally very cautious about using chemical analysis only for defining nutritional needs for livestock and as in vivo experiments are long, costly and subject to animal welfare legislation, much emphasis is placed on various in vitro analyses which are often regarded as being very informative in the absence of in vivo data. In vitro analyses may be applied to dry- (DMD) and organic-matter (OMD) digestibility and crude protein (CP) degradability (DG) and may involve ‘live’ cultures such as rumen fluid or gastric juices or ‘dead’ extracts containing enzymes. As part of an EU-funded Concerted Action (see Acknowledgements), a survey of the methods adopted for in vitro determinations (in vitro OMD, in vitro DG) for ruminants, pigs and poultry is underway: this paper presents a progress report of the information received to date concerning ruminant methods.The participants in the Concerted Action were asked to provide details of the in vitro methods actually in use in their countries, with particular attention to the methods used by the so-called Feed Information Centres (i.e. Feed Evaluation Units) for routine analyses (i.e. not experimental work). The participants supplied details of modifications and/or references to methods and this information was collated and circulated for checking and comment.

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Least-Cost Livestock Production Rations

Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics ◽

10.1017/s0081305200011870 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 41-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

John R. Allison ◽

D. M. Baird

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Programming ◽

Livestock Production ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Total Cost ◽

Livestock Species ◽

Feed Cost ◽

Nutrition Research ◽

Working Together

Animal scientists and agricultural economists have been working together to answer the question, “What is the least-cost feed mix for a given set of prices?” In the 1950's sophisticated mathematical programming via computers generated a renewed interest in ration formulation. Since then, animal scientists and agricultural economists have been intrigued with determing least-cost rations for various livestock species. But this research has been devoted to determining the least-cost rations rather than minimizing feed cost per pound of gain or pound of product produced and/or minimizing total cost per pound of gain or product produced. Answering the latter question is a prime goal of animal nutrition research.

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