Importance of infection of haemosporidia blood parasites during different life history stages for long‐term reproductive fitness of collared flycatchers

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Fletcher ◽  
Johan Träff ◽  
Lars Gustafsson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Life History Stages

scholarly journals Addressing fish-passage issues at hydropower and irrigation infrastructure projects in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee J. Baumgartner ◽  
Arif Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Migratory Fish ◽  
Tropical Island ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Barrier Effects ◽  
Sumatra Island ◽  
Irrigation Infrastructure

Development activities threaten the long-term sustainability of tropical floodplain systems. The construction of dams, weirs, irrigation infrastructure and regulators affect connectivity among habitats and can facilitate rapid declines in riverine biota, especially fish. Indonesia is a tropical island country with an abundance of monsoonal rivers. Massive expansions in hydropower and irrigation infrastructure are planned over the next two decades and mitigation measures will be needed to protect migratory fish. Most Indonesian freshwater fish need to migrate among habitats to complete essential life-history stages. So, strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the barrier effects of river infrastructure to ensure the long-term sustainability of river fishes. A common tool used worldwide is the construction of upstream and downstream fish passes. Only two fish passes exist in Indonesia. One at Perjaya Irrigation Dam on the Komering River (Sumatra island) and another on Poso Dam on the Poso River (Sulawesi island). Neither of these structures has been assessed and many other projects are proceeding without considering potential impacts on fisheries. The proposed infrastructure upgrades over the next two decades provide a once-in-a-generation opportunity to ensure that migratory fish are adequately protected into the future.

scholarly journals Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex‐specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenyon B. Mobley ◽  
Hanna Granroth‐Wilding ◽  
Mikko Ellmén ◽  
Panu Orell ◽  
Jaakko Erkinaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Specific Effects

scholarly journals Short-term exposure of Chinook salmon (Oncoryhnchus tshawytscha) to o,p-DDE or DMSO during early life-history stages causes long-term humoral immunosuppression.

2003 ◽  
Vol 111 (13) ◽  
pp. 1601-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth H Milston ◽  
Martin S Fitzpatrick ◽  
Anthony T Vella ◽  
Shaun Clements ◽  
Deke Gundersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Short Term Exposure

scholarly journals Queuing, takeovers, and becoming a fat cat: Long-term data reveal two distinct male spatial tactics at different life-history stages in Namibian cheetahs

Ecosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e02308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joerg Melzheimer ◽  
Sabrina Streif ◽  
Bernd Wasiolka ◽  
Manuela Fischer ◽  
Susanne Thalwitzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Term Data

Benthic Life Histories: Summary and Future Needs

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
History Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Taxonomic Methods ◽  
Key Words Life History

The symposium indicated many ways in which greater knowledge of benthic life histories can be used to develop and improve techniques such as sampling, taxonomic methods, and bioassays. Benthic organisms' diet and physical environment, factors variable in nature, were shown to be capable of modifying certain life history features such as growth rate and voltinism. The lack of accumulated life history data and the need to tailor sampling schedules to life history events were commonly identified elements in the symposium. Future research needs included (1) basic data on benthic life history, (2) improved taxonomy of immature benthic invertebrates, and (3) understanding the entire life history of an organism in relation to the seasonal progression of its environment. Management implications of benthic life history information included more applicable data from long-term bioassays on all life history stages, and improved management of stream fisheries through habitat alteration to manipulate benthic production. Key words: life history, benthos, symposium

Phenology, Population Dynamics, and Flowering Dynamics of Case's Ladies'-tresses, Spiranthes casei var. casei (Orchidaceae), in Ottawa, Ontario

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce M. Reddoch ◽  
Allan H. Reddoch
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Life History ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Deer Herbivory ◽  
Cloudy Weather

We describe a seven-year study (2002–2008) of a population of Case’s Ladies’-tresses (Spiranthes casei var. casei) in the western Greenbelt in Ottawa, Ontario, that had been extant since at least 1972. We also record a temporary colonization in the eastern Greenbelt for 11 years (1998–2008). The seven life history stages identified were seed, juvenile, immature, flowering, vegetative, offshoot (ramet), and non-emergent. Mature plants present in the first two years of the study had mean half lives of 9.4 years. Flowering and seed production were limited by damp, cloudy weather when fall rosettes develop, by gastropod herbivory in early summer, by drought in mid-summer, and by deer herbivory in late summer. Given the resulting wide fluctuations in the fractions of plants flowering, as well as the lack of visibility of vegetative plants, this study demonstrates the limitations of annual censuses of flowering stems for determining the actual sizes of populations and for detecting long-term population trends.

scholarly journals Time spent in distinct life-history stages has sex-specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenyon B. Mobley ◽  
Hanna Granroth-Wilding ◽  
Mikko Ellmen ◽  
Panu Orell ◽  
Jaakko Erkinaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Life History Stages

AbstractIn species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a four-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific reproductive fitness consequences in anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We determined the amount of years spent in fresh water as juveniles (freshwater age, FW), and years spent in the marine environment prior to sexual maturation (sea age, SW) on 264 spawning adults. We then estimated reproductive fitness as the number of offspring (reproductive success) and the number of mates (mating success) using genetic parentage analysis (>5000 offspring). Sea age is positively correlated with reproductive and mating success of both sexes whereby older and larger individuals gained the highest reproductive fitness benefits (females: increase of 16.5 offspring/SW and 0.86 mates/SW; males: increase of 12.4 offspring/SW and 0.43 mates/SW). Younger freshwater age was related to older sea age and thus increased reproductive fitness, but only among females (females: −9.0 offspring/FW and −0.80 mates/FW). This implies that females can obtain higher reproductive fitness by transitioning to the marine environment earlier. In contrast, male mating and reproductive success was unaffected by freshwater age and males returned to spawn earlier than females despite the fitness advantage of later sea age maturation. Our results show that the timing of transitions between juvenile and adult phases has a sex-specific consequence on female reproductive fitness, demonstrating a life-history trade-off between maturation and reproduction in wild Atlantic salmon.

scholarly journals Contributions to Management Strategies in the NE Atlantic Regarding the Life History and Population Structure of a Key Deep-Sea Fish (Mora moro)

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Régis Santos ◽  
Wendell Medeiros-Leal ◽  
Osman Crespo ◽  
Ana Novoa-Pabon ◽  
Mário Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Life History ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fishing Impacts ◽  
Sea Fish

With the commercial fishery expansion to deeper waters, some vulnerable deep-sea species have been increasingly captured. To reduce the fishing impacts on these species, exploitation and management must be based on detailed and precise information about their biology. The common mora Mora moro has become the main deep-sea species caught by longliners in the Northeast Atlantic at depths between 600 and 1200 m. In the Azores, landings have more than doubled from the early 2000s to recent years. Despite its growing importance, its life history and population structure are poorly understood, and the current stock status has not been assessed. To better determine its distribution, biology, and long-term changes in abundance and size composition, this study analyzed a fishery-dependent and survey time series from the Azores. M. moro was found on mud and rock bottoms at depths below 300 m. A larger–deeper trend was observed, and females were larger and more abundant than males. The reproductive season took place from August to February. Abundance indices and mean sizes in the catch were marked by changes in fishing fleet operational behavior. M. moro is considered vulnerable to overfishing because it exhibits a long life span, a large size, slow growth, and a low natural mortality.

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