scholarly journals Capital and Closure in the EU Field. Advancement in the European Economic and Social Committee

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Johansson ◽  
Anders Uhlin ◽  
Malin Arvidson
Keyword(s):  
European Economic ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals Risk of hospitalization and risk of death for healthcare workers with COVID-19 in nine European Union/European Economic Area countries, January 2020–January 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Ferland ◽  
Joana Gomes Dias ◽  
Carlos Carvalho ◽  
Cornelia Adlhoch ◽  
Carl Suetens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

AbstractWe assessed the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers (HCWs) from data on 2.9 million cases reported from nine countries in the EU/EEA. Compared to non-HCWs, HCWs had a higher adjusted risk of hospitalization (IRR 3.0 [95% CI 2.2-4.0]), but not death (IRR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4-2.0).Article Summary LineHealthcare workers are hospitalized more frequently than non-healthcare workers when adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities.

European Union Public Procurement Remedies Regimes

2012 ◽  
pp. 162-184
Author(s):  
Kai Krüger
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Eu

The chapter explores the Nordic statutory EU-based remedy regimes. Due to the European Economic Area (EEA) agreement, the EU commitments do not vary between EU member states, Denmark, Finland, and Sweden and (non-members) Norway and Iceland. The legislation on procurement remedies is assumed to be EU/EEA compliant. There are however material differences in the set up for handling disputes and complaints—also subsequent to the 2010-2012 Nordic adaptation of EU Directive 2007/66/EC on enhanced procurement remedies. The pending issue is whether the EU “sufficiently serious breach” principle on treaty infringements applies on liability for procurement flaws. Loss of contract damage has been awarded in all Nordic countries, whereas cases on negative interest (costs in preparing futile tender bids) seem more favorable to plaintiffs. Per mid-2012, there are no Nordic rulings on the effect of the recent somewhat ambiguous EU Court of Justice Strabag and Spijkers 2010 rulings.

Many Roads Lead to Rome – the State of European Integration

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-156
Author(s):  
Werner Abelshauser
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
North America ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Integration Strategy ◽  
Visible Hand ◽  
Unity In Diversity ◽  
European Markets ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The ongoing crisis in the euro zone raises the question of whether the previously chosen path of European integration is likely to spur internal and external competitiveness and capability of action. In economic terms, it is about a strategy that does justice to the uniqueness of the landscape of European markets. Its special feature is that Europe – in contrast to North America – has developed diverse economic cultures historically whose qualities match the requirements of distinct markets and whose set of institutions are functional. An adequate European economic policy has to acknowledge these cultures and develop strategies to improve their individual effectiveness, i.e. comparative institutional advantage. This productive governance (Ordnungspolitik of the visible hand) is in stark contrast to a policy of harmonization that emanates from the idea of uniform market conditions. The attempt to integrate Europe on the basis of a “multi-speed” model has failed. The essential task now is to take into account the diversity of economic cultures in Europe and to unite the continent along a variety of paths. What the EU needs are rules and strategies that create unity in diversity, realizing its official motto: united in diversity. What Europe needs is an integration strategy on several paths – not only at several speeds. JEL Codes: F15, F53

Enhancing Political Representation Through the European Economic Constitution? Regressive Politics of Democratic Inclusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-219
Author(s):  
Jussi Jaakkola
Keyword(s):  
Market Integration ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The State ◽  
European Market ◽  
Regulatory Competition ◽  
Democratic Representation ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Economic Constitution ◽  
The Eu

Interrelation between economic and political dimensions of constitutionalism – European market integration and erosion of democratic representation within Member States of the EU – Regulatory externalities between national democracies – European market citizenship and its ramifications for democratically legitimate exercise of the power to tax – Underinclusiveness of domestic democratic process – Political representation beyond the state – European economic constitution as a source of political empowerment and the EU economic freedoms as political rights – The European Court of Justice as a protector of representation – Reinforcing political participation through regulatory competition – European market freedoms enhance representation but at the expense of political equality – Economic freedoms as insufficient means of political empowerment – Improving democratic representation and equality beyond the state requires properly political citizenship instead of mere market rights

scholarly journals European Economic Integration in Kosovo

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Malush Krasniqi
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Post War ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
The Eu

Topics addressed, European economic integration, as well as with important phenomenon, which is facing Kosovo in recent years, since the post-war process. The process of international economic integration is one of the most important phenomena of the contemporary world economy. The trend of international economic integration is the reconstruction of the country devastated by war, is an undeniable necessity, the only reason to catch the trend of the world's economic development. Kosovo has a very favorable position, bridging the central Balkans with the possibility of Development extraordinarily large because the Europe could have connected in short way with two continents. The main goal: increasing economic cooperation, the creation of new strategies for accelerating the process, fulfilling the standards required in the EU, the extent of market economy, regulation of relations with neighbors, etc. Topics that will discuss is European economic integration, the way how to reach to where we want is a road with many challenges and barriers, with special emphasis will be elaborated the process of stable and association, agreements signed by Kosovo, always having as target strengths and weaknesses of these agreements in the economic aspect of the country. Republic of Kosovo, respectively, institutions and people, are fully committed to the European integration process with the intent to join the EU.

scholarly journals Die EU und ihre Nachbarschaftsbeziehungen: etablierte Assoziierungsmodelle und neue Grundformen

IG ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Lippert
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Eu

In this article, the author presents established models of association of the European Union (EU) with European third countries. She shows their different strategic perspectives, outlines benefits and problems, and examines the potential for developing these relations. Basically, these can go in the direction of expanding or dismantling partial sectoral integration. In addition, new basic forms of EU neighbourhood relations are discussed: the introduction of a new status of partial membership in the EU and - inspired by the European Economic Area - the creation of a European political and economic area.

scholarly journals Common Agriculture Police in the EU, direct payments, solvency and income

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Mamatzakis ◽  
Christos Staikouras
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Recovery Plan ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Net Value Added ◽  
The Eu

PurposeCommon Agriculture Police in the EU, direct payments, solvency and incomeDesign/methodology/approachWe employ agriculture data for all twenty-eight EU Member States. The data comes from the public Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) of the EU. In terms of methodology we employ panel regression and panel Vector Autoregression analysis (panel VAR) to take into account possible endogeneity issues.FindingsThe reported panel regressions, impulse response functions (IRFs) and variance decompositions (VDCs) show that agriculture income has been subdued due to negative shocks in direct payments and solvency. Our results do not support the hypothesis that higher direct payments would increase agriculture income. In addition, whilst solvency subdues agriculture income, investment asserts a positive impact on agriculture income.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research on the impact of direct payments of CAP on EU agriculture is warranted at a disaggregate level so as to examine whether there is variability in the underlying interlinkages at regional levelPractical implicationsAs a policy implication, and in light of the ongoing reform of the EU's CAP, we would propose to raise net value added in agriculture using targeted income support to small and medium-sized farms. The European Economic Recovery Plan (EERP) would be also supportive. In addition, further enhancing financial integration across the EU would provide funds for investment in agriculture.Social implicationsAs social implication, one would propose to raise investment in agriculture, that is through the European Economic Recovery Plan (EERP). The EERP is designed as a stimulus package set up to mitigate the consequences of the global financial crisis in the EU. Also, a way to boost agriculture income is through the credit channel of the on-going quantitative easing of the ECB, where unconventional monetary policy is aiming to support the growth prospect of the Euro area.Originality/valueThis study examines the impact of direct payments, which include all subsidies, of the EU's Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) on agriculture income as measured by the net value added. We also control for solvency. Despite the magnitude of CAP on the EU budget, few studies investigate the impact of direct payments on income in the aftermath of the financial crisis. This is surprising given the importance of agriculture for the economic recovery of the EU that remains anaemic more than a decade after the crisis.

scholarly journals Surveillance perspective on Lyme borreliosis across the European Union and European Economic Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cees C van den Wijngaard ◽  
Agnetha Hofhuis ◽  
Mariana Simões ◽  
Ente Rood ◽  
Wilfrid van Pelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
The Eu

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in Europe. Erythema migrans (EM), an early, localised skin rash, is its most common presentation. Dissemination of the bacteria can lead to more severe manifestations including skin, neurological, cardiac, musculoskeletal and ocular manifestations. Comparison of LB incidence rates in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) and Balkan countries are difficult in the absence of standardised surveillance and reporting procedures. We explored six surveillance scenarios for LB surveillance in the EU/EEA, based on the following key indicators: (i) erythema migrans, (ii) neuroborreliosis, (iii) all human LB manifestations, (iv) seroprevalence, (v) tick bites, and (vi) infected ticks and reservoir hosts. In our opinion, neuroborreliosis seems most feasible and useful as the standard key indicator, being one of the most frequent severe LB manifestations, with the possibility of a specific case definition. Additional surveillance with erythema migrans as key indicator would add value to the surveillance of neuroborreliosis and lead to a more complete picture of LB epidemiology in the EU/EEA. The other scenarios have less value as a basis for EU-level surveillance, but can be considered periodically and locally, as they could supply complementary insights.

16. The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions:

2021 ◽  
pp. 369-390
Author(s):  
Gabriele Abels
Keyword(s):  
Legal Basis ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The Future ◽  
Committee Of The Regions ◽  
Two Bodies ◽  
The Eu

This chapter investigates the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) and the Committee of the Regions (CoR), two bodies established in 1957 and 1992, respectively. Both Committees are consultative; their rationale is to provide expertise to EU legislators and to represent functional respectively territorial interests. These organs share a number of similarities with regard to their legal basis and policymaking influence. Both have pursued diverse activities beyond their official mandates in a quest to find their own identities and exercise voice in the EU system. This chapter analyses these committees with regard to their development, membership, and activities, illustrating how both embraced timely topics and seek to involve themselves in the larger debate on the future of Europe. Thereby, they contribute to the EU’s development as a complex, multilevel, and multichannel democracy.

Die Strategie der Vernetzung

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Walli
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Policy Cycle ◽  
Strategic Networks ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Eu Policy ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Eu

The European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) represents workers' and employers' organisations and other actors of organised civil society in the EU. Its profile of actors and functions in the European multi-level and multi-actor system has not yet been examined. This monograph fills this gap by contrasting the contractual integration of the EESC with its effective participation in the EU policy cycle. The study analyses the EESC's interaction with other political actors at various levels within and outside the EU. The author shows that the EESC has formed strategic networks in order to be perceived and used as an interface between civil society and EU institutions.

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