scholarly journals Reduction of Tubulin Expression in Angomonas deanei by RNAi Modifies the Ultrastructure of the Trypanosomatid Protozoan and Impairs Division of Its Endosymbiotic Bacterium

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Moura Costa Catta-Preta ◽  
Bruno dos Santos Pascoalino ◽  
Wanderley de Souza ◽  
Jeremy C. Mottram ◽  
Maria Cristina M. Motta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endosymbiotic Bacterium

scholarly journals Changes in Endosymbiont Complexity Drive Host-Level Compensatory Adaptations in Cicadas

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Campbell ◽  
Piotr Łukasik ◽  
Mariah C. Meyer ◽  
Mark Buckner ◽  
Chris Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Problem ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Original Function ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Bacterial Endosymbionts ◽  
Symbiont Transmission ◽  
Sap Feeding ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Splitting Process

ABSTRACTFor insects that depend on one or more bacterial endosymbionts for survival, it is critical that these bacteria are faithfully transmitted between insect generations. Cicadas harbor two essential bacterial endosymbionts, “CandidatusSulcia muelleri” and “CandidatusHodgkinia cicadicola.” In some cicada species,Hodgkiniahas fragmented into multiple distinct but interdependent cellular and genomic lineages that can differ in abundance by more than two orders of magnitude. This complexity presents a potential problem for the host cicada, because low-abundance but essentialHodgkinialineages risk being lost during the symbiont transmission bottleneck from mother to egg. Here we show that all cicada eggs seem to receive the full complement ofHodgkinialineages, and that in cicadas with more complexHodgkiniathis outcome is achieved by increasing the number ofHodgkiniacells transmitted by up to 6-fold. We further show that cicada species with varyingHodgkiniacomplexity do not visibly alter their transmission mechanism at the resolution of cell biological structures. Together these data suggest that a major cicada adaptation to changes in endosymbiont complexity is an increase in the number ofHodgkiniacells transmitted to each egg. We hypothesize that the requirement to increase the symbiont titer is one of the costs associated withHodgkiniafragmentation.IMPORTANCESap-feeding insects critically rely on one or more bacteria or fungi to provide essential nutrients that are not available at sufficient levels in their diets. These microbes are passed between insect generations when the mother places a small packet of microbes into each of her eggs before it is laid. We have previously described an unusual lineage fragmentation process in a nutritional endosymbiotic bacterium of cicadas calledHodgkinia. In some cicadas, a singleHodgkinialineage has split into numerous related lineages, each performing a subset of original function and therefore each required for normal host function. Here we test how this splitting process affects symbiont transmission to eggs. We find that cicadas dramatically increase the titer ofHodgkiniacells passed to each egg in response to lineage fragmentation, and we hypothesize that this increase in bacterial cell count is one of the major costs associated with endosymbiont fragmentation.

scholarly journals Blind killing of both male and female Drosophila embryos by a natural variant of the endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Masson ◽  
Sandra Calderon‐Copete ◽  
Fanny Schüpfer ◽  
Aurélien Vigneron ◽  
Samuel Rommelaere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endosymbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Natural Variant ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

scholarly journals Hundreds of Flagellar Basal Bodies Cover the Cell Surface of the Endosymbiotic Bacterium Buchnera aphidicola sp. Strain APS

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (18) ◽  
pp. 6539-6543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Maezawa ◽  
Shuji Shigenobu ◽  
Hisaaki Taniguchi ◽  
Takeo Kubo ◽  
Shin-ichi Aizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Basal Bodies ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Symbiotic System ◽  
Buchnera Aphidicola ◽  
Flagellin Gene ◽  
Small Genome ◽  
Late Genes ◽  
Flagellar Proteins ◽  
Flagellar Genes

ABSTRACT Buchnera aphidicola is the endosymbiotic bacterium of the pea aphid. Due to its small genome size, Buchnera lacks many essential genes for autogenous life but obtains nutrients from the host. Although the Buchnera cell is nonmotile, it retains clusters of flagellar genes that lack the late genes necessary for motility, including the flagellin gene. In this study, we show that the flagellar genes are actually transcribed and translated and that the Buchnera cell surface is covered with hundreds of hook-basal-body (HBB) complexes. The abundance of HBB complexes suggests a role other than motility. We discuss the possibility that the HBB complex may serve as a protein transporter not only for the flagellar proteins but also for other proteins to maintain the symbiotic system.

scholarly journals Cell Division by Longitudinal Scission in the Insect EndosymbiontSpiroplasma poulsonii

mBio ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Ramond ◽  
Catherine Maclachlan ◽  
Stéphanie Clerc-Rosset ◽  
Graham W. Knott ◽  
Bruno Lemaitre
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Immunogold Staining ◽  
Ftsz Protein ◽  
Mode Of Life

ABSTRACTSpiroplasmabacteria are highly motile bacteria with no cell wall and a helical morphology. This clade includes many vertically transmitted insect endosymbionts, includingSpiroplasma poulsonii, a natural endosymbiont ofDrosophila melanogaster.S. poulsoniibacteria are mainly found in the hemolymph of infected female flies and exhibit efficient vertical transmission from mother to offspring. As is the case for many facultative endosymbionts,S. poulsoniican manipulate the reproduction of its host; in particular,S. poulsoniiinduces male killing inDrosophila melanogaster. Here, we analyze the morphology ofS. poulsoniiobtained from the hemolymph of infectedDrosophila. This endosymbiont was not only found as long helical filaments, as previously described, but was also found in a Y-shaped form. The use of electron microscopy, immunogold staining of the FtsZ protein, and antibiotic treatment unambiguously linked the Y shape ofS. poulsoniito cell division. Observation of the Y shape in anotherSpiroplasma,S. citri, and anecdotic observations from the literature suggest that cell division by longitudinal scission might be prevalent in theSpiroplasmaclade. Our study is the first to report the Y-shape mode of cell division in an endosymbiotic bacterium and addsSpiroplasmato the so far limited group of bacteria known to utilize this cell division mode.IMPORTANCEMost bacteria rely on binary fission, which involves elongation of the bacteria and DNA replication, followed by splitting into two parts. Examples of bacteria with a Y-shape longitudinal scission remain scarce. Here, we report thatSpiroplasma poulsonii, an endosymbiotic bacterium living inside the fruit flyDrosophila melanogaster, divide with the longitudinal mode of cell division. Observations of the Y shape in anotherSpiroplasma,S. citri, suggest that this mode of scission might be prevalent in theSpiroplasmaclade.Spiroplasmabacteria are wall-less bacteria with a distinctive helical shape, and these bacteria are always associated with arthropods, notably insects. Our study raises the hypothesis that this mode of cell division by longitudinal scission could be linked to the symbiotic mode of life of these bacteria.

scholarly journals Onchocerca armillata contains the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia and elicits a limited inflammatory response

2010 ◽  
Vol 174 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Neary ◽  
Alexander J. Trees ◽  
David D. Ekale ◽  
Vincent N. Tanya ◽  
Udo Hetzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacterium

scholarly journals Spiroplasma Symbiont of the Pea Aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Insecta: Homoptera)

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1284-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takema Fukatsu ◽  
Tsutomu Tsuchida ◽  
Naruo Nikoh ◽  
Ryuichi Koga
Keyword(s):  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
16S Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Successive Generations

ABSTRACT From a laboratory strain of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, we discovered a previously unknown facultative endosymbiotic bacterium. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 16S ribosomal DNA revealed that the bacterium is a member of the genusSpiroplasma. The Spiroplasma organism showed stable vertical transmission through successive generations of the host. Injection of hemolymph from infected insects into uninfected insects established a stable infection in the recipients. TheSpiroplasma symbiont exhibited negative effects on growth, reproduction, and longevity of the host, particularly in older adults. Of 58 clonal strains of A. pisum established from natural populations in central Japan, 4 strains possessed theSpiroplasma organism.

The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia enhances the nonspecific resistance to insect pathogens and alters behavior of Drosophila melanogaster

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1066-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yu. Panteleev ◽  
I. I. Goryacheva ◽  
B. V. Andrianov ◽  
N. L. Reznik ◽  
O. E. Lazebny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Nonspecific Resistance ◽  
Insect Pathogens

scholarly journals Protection from within

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Masson ◽  
Bruno Lemaitre
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacterium

The development of the tsetse fly immune system relies on a cue from an endosymbiotic bacterium called Wigglesworthia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document