Variation of body condition and plasma energy substrates with life stage, sex, and season in wild‐sampled nurse sharks Ginglymostoma cirratum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon G. Moorhead ◽  
Austin J. Gallagher ◽  
Liza Merly ◽  
Neil Hammerschlag
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Energy Substrates ◽  
Plasma Energy ◽  
Ginglymostoma Cirratum ◽  
Nurse Sharks

Parasitic Meningoencephalitis in Nurse Sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum)

1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Credille ◽  
Linda K. Johnson ◽  
Renate Reimschuessel
Keyword(s):  
Ginglymostoma Cirratum ◽  
Nurse Sharks

scholarly journals Evasive mating behaviour by female nurse sharks, Ginglymostoma cirratum (Bonnaterre, 1788), in an equatorial insular breeding ground

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
André S. Afonso ◽  
◽  
Carlos V. Cantareli ◽  
Rafael P. Levy ◽  
Leonardo B. Veras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Nurse Shark ◽  
Ginglymostoma Cirratum ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
Body Rolling ◽  
Female Nurse ◽  
Nurse Sharks

ABSTRACT Mating events and aggregations of vulnerable nurse sharks Ginglymostoma cirratum were recorded in the insular protected area of Fernando de Noronha (FEN), Brazil, between April and August 2015. Female sharks were observed clustering in groups of up to 14 individuals in shallow water adjacent to the shore. Several evasive mating behaviours in the presence of males were noticed, including shoreward movement, positioning ventral side up at the sea surface with emerged pectoral and pelvic fins, body rolling and caudal fin thrashing. Fresh bite marks indicative of male courtship and coupling attempts were visible in female's pectoral and caudal fins. Altogether, the observed behaviours match previous reports of non-cooperative female nurse sharks during mating opportunities. An extended mating season coupled with a persistent use of inshore habitats result in nurse sharks being particularly vulnerable to human pressure during a most sensitive stage of their life cycle. The effective conservation of nurse shark populations from the western South Atlantic may thus depend on the protection of critical habitats where this species aggregates to reproduce. Explicitly addressing environmental requirements by vulnerable species in local management strategies is indispensable to ensure that human pressure, including ecotourism development, does not collide with stipulated conservation aims.

Body movement as an indicator of proceptive behavior in nurse sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1257-1263
Author(s):  
Helen Colbachini ◽  
Cristiane Schilbach Pizzutto ◽  
Pedro Nacib Jorge-Neto ◽  
Rafael Caprioli Gutierrez ◽  
Otto Bismarck Fazzano Gadig
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
Ginglymostoma Cirratum ◽  
Nurse Sharks

Defensive strategies of neonate nurse sharks, Ginglymostoma cirratum, in an oceanic archipelago of the Western Central Atlantic

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Clapis Garla ◽  
Domingos Garrone-Neto ◽  
Otto Bismarck Fazzano Gadig
Keyword(s):  
Defensive Strategies ◽  
Ginglymostoma Cirratum ◽  
Central Atlantic ◽  
Nurse Sharks

Nurse sharks, space rockets and cargo ships: Metals and oxidative stress in a benthic, resident and large-sized mesopredator, Ginglymostoma cirratum

2021 ◽  
pp. 117784
Author(s):  
Natascha Wosnick ◽  
Ana Paula Chaves ◽  
Renata Daldin Leite ◽  
Jorge Luiz Silva Nunes ◽  
Tatiana Dillenburg Saint’Pierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ginglymostoma Cirratum ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nurse Sharks

Ischemia in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rats: plasma energy substrates and hormones

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (5) ◽  
pp. E767-E774
Author(s):  
J. Lundgren ◽  
A. Mans ◽  
B. K. Siesjo
Keyword(s):  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Forebrain Ischemia ◽  
Energy Substrates ◽  
Plasma Energy ◽  
Membrane Changes

Seizures are a documented complication to cerebral ischemia. After 10 min of forebrain ischemia in rats, preischemic hyperglycemia invariably leads to severe, most often fatal epileptic attacks. This outcome is related to the exaggerated lactic acidosis, which has been suggested as a possible contributor to severe membrane changes and widespread edema. To find out if circulating hormones or plasma energy substrates modulate this additive damage caused by the hyperglycemia, plasma concentrations of of corticosterone, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, glucagon, insulin, glucose, free fatty acids (FFA), 3-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate were measured before and in the early recirculation period after 15 min of forebrain ischemia in the rat. Plasma corticosterone levels did not differ between the normo- and hyperglycemic groups. Although not significantly different from control, the catecholamine levels showed a tendency to be higher in the hyperglycemic groups. Therefore, because catecholamines have been reported to have a protective effect during ischemia the present result cannot explain why hyperglycemia aggravates the ischemic damage. Insulin levels seemed to increase during ischemia but not significantly. Levels quickly returned to normal after 30 min of recirculation. FFA concentrations were reduced after the induction of ischemia and appeared lower in all hyperglycemic groups. The level of one of the ketone bodies, 3-hydroxybutyrate, showed a significant decrease in hyperglycemic ischemia in all groups compared with normoglycemic ischemia. The same tendency was seen for acetoacetate. Results are compatible with a protective role of ketone bodies in ischemia. It is concluded that among the hormones and substrates studied only the ketone body concentrations qualify as a modulator of the exaggerated brain damage after ischemia in hyperglycemic subjects.

Assessing reproductive potential and gestation in nurse sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum) using ultrasonography and endoscopy: An example of bridging the gap between field research and captive studies

Zoo Biology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Carrier ◽  
Frank L. Murru ◽  
Michael T. Walsh ◽  
Harold L. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Ginglymostoma Cirratum ◽  
Nurse Sharks

scholarly journals Standard metabolic rate does not associate with age-at-maturity genotype in juvenile Atlantic salmon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirik R Asheim ◽  
Jenni M Prokkola ◽  
Sergey Morozov ◽  
Tutku Aykanat ◽  
Craig R Primmer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Significant Difference

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is a species with diverse life-history strategies, to which the timing of maturation contributes considerably. Recently, the genome region including the gene vgll3 has gained attention as a locus with a large effect on salmon maturation timing, and recent studies on the vgll3 locus in salmon have indicated that its effect might be mediated through body condition and accumulation of adipose tissue. However, the cellular and physiological pathways leading from vgll3 genotype to phenotype are still unknown. Standard metabolic rate is a potentially important trait for resource acquisition and assimilation and we hypothesized that this trait, being a proxy for the maintenance energy expenditure of an individual, could be an important link in the pathway from vgll3 genotype to maturation-timing phenotype. As a first step to studying links between vgll3 and the metabolic phenotype of Atlantic salmon, we measured the standard metabolic rate of 150 first year Atlantic salmon juveniles of both sexes, originating from 14 different families with either late maturing or early maturing vgll3 genotypes. No significant difference in mass-adjusted standard metabolic rate was detected between individuals with different vgll3 genotypes, indicating that juvenile salmon of different vgll3 genotypes have similar maintenance energy requirements in the experimental conditions used and that the effects of vgll3 on body condition and maturation are not strongly related to maintenance energy expenditure in either sex at this life stage.

Visual discrimination following partial telencephalic ablations in nurse sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum)

1978 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Curtis Graeber ◽  
Dolores M. Schroeder ◽  
John A. Jane ◽  
Sven O. E. Ebbesson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Ginglymostoma Cirratum ◽  
Nurse Sharks
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