Key Opinion Leaders and the Corruption of Medical Knowledge: What the Sunshine Act Will and Won’t Cast Light on

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Sismondo
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
United States Congress ◽  
Physician Payment ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Key Opinion Leaders

In 2010, in connection with the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Obamacare), the United States Congress passed the Physician Payment Sunshine Act. This legislation requires pharmaceutical companies, medical device companies, and other manufacturers of medical supplies to collect information on their payments to physicians, beginning on August 1, 2013, and to annually report this information to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), beginning on March 31, 2014. All payments of over $10 are to be reported and aggregate payments of more than $100 to a single physician in a single year must also be reported.

Interpretative theories as roadmaps to constitutional identity: The case of the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
OR BASSOK
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Identity ◽  
American Constitution ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
American National Identity ◽  
Constitutional Identity

AbstractAs long as the American Constitution serves as the focal point of American identity, many constitutional interpretative theories also serve as roadmaps to various visions of American constitutional identity. Using the debate over the constitutionality of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, I expose the identity dimension of various interpretative theories and analyse the differences between the roadmaps offered by them. I argue that according to each of these roadmaps, courts’ authority to review legislation is required in order to protect a certain vision of American constitutional identity even at the price of thwarting Americans’ freedom to pursue their current desires. The conventional framing of interpretative theories as merely techniques to decipher the constitutional text or justifications for the Supreme Court’s countermajoritarian authority to review legislation and the disregard of their identity function is perplexing in view of the centrality of the Constitution to American national identity. I argue that this conventional framing is a result of the current understanding of American constitutional identity in terms of neutrality toward the question of the good. This reading of the Constitution as lacking any form of ideology at its core makes majority preferences the best take of current American identity, leaving constitutional theorists with the mission to justify the Court’s authority to diverge from majority preferences.

Are You Covered? Associations Between Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Knowledge and Preventive Reproductive Service Use

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 906-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashlee N. Sawyer ◽  
Melissa A. Kwitowski ◽  
Eric G. Benotsch
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Service Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Insurance Status ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Health Care Legislation

Purpose: Sexual and reproductive health conditions (eg, infections, cancers) represent public health concerns for American women. The present study examined how knowledge of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) relates to receipt of preventive reproductive health services among women. Design: Cross-sectional online survey. Setting: Online questionnaires were completed via Amazon Mechanical Turk, a crowdsourcing website where individuals complete web-based tasks for compensation. Participants: Cisgendered women aged 18 to 44 years (N = 1083) from across the United States. Measures: Participants completed online questionnaires assessing demographics, insurance status, preventive service use, and knowledge of PPACA provisions. Analysis: Chi-squares showed that receipt of well-woman, pelvic, and breast examinations, as well as pap smears, was related to insurance coverage, with those not having coverage at all during the previous year having significantly lower rates of use. Hierarchical logistic regressions determined the independent relationship between PPACA knowledge and use of health services after controlling for demographic factors and insurance status. Results: Knowledge of PPACA provisions was associated with receiving well-woman, pelvic, and breast examinations, human papillomavirus vaccination, and sexually transmitted infections testing, after controlling for these factors. Results indicate that expanding knowledge about health-care legislation may be beneficial in increasing preventive reproductive health service use among women. Conclusion: Current findings provide support for increasing resources for outreach and education of the general population about the provisions and benefits of health-care legislation, as well as personal health coverage plans.

A Systematic Review of State and Manufacturer Physician Payment Disclosure Websites: Implications for Implementation of the Sunshine Act

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison R. Hwong ◽  
Noor Qaragholi ◽  
Daniel Carpenter ◽  
Steven Joffe ◽  
Eric G. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Public Disclosure ◽  
Physician Payment ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Individual Physician ◽  
Financial Conflicts Of Interest

Public disclosure of industry payments to physicians is one way to address financial conflicts of interest in medicine. As part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Physician Payment Sunshine Act (PPSA) requires pharmaceutical, medical device, and biologics manufacturers who have at least one product reimbursed by Medicare or Medicaid to disclose payments to physicians and teaching hospitals on a public website starting in 2014. The physician payment data will contain individual physician names, monetary values, and specific products connected to payments.According to the Final Regulations issued by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) in February 2013, the law will make transparent the extent and nature of relationships between physicians, teaching hospitals, and manufacturers.

scholarly journals The impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on insurance coverage and cancer‐directed treatment in HIV‐infected patients with cancer in the United States

Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey L. Corrigan ◽  
Leticia Nogueira ◽  
K. Robin Yabroff ◽  
Chun Chieh Lin ◽  
Xuesong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
The Impact

Comparative Effectiveness Research under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: Can New Bottles Accommodate Old Wine?

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor D. Kinney
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness Research ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Cost Curve ◽  
Effectiveness Research ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Research Initiative

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, initiated comprehensive health reform for the healthcare sector of the United States. PPACA includes strategies to make the American healthcare sector more efficient and effective. PPACA's comparative effectiveness research initiative and the establishment of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute are major strategies in this regard. PPACA's comparative effectiveness research initiative is one in a long line of federal initiatives to address the rising costs of healthcare as well as to obtain better value for healthcare expenditures. The key question is whether the governance and design features of the institute that will oversee the initiative will enable it to succeed where other federal efforts have faltered. This Article analyzes the federal government's quest to ensure value for money expended in publically funded healthcare programs and the health sector generally. This Article will also analyze what factors contribute to the possible success or failure of the comparative effectiveness research initiative. Success can be defined as the use of the findings of comparative effectiveness to make medical practice less costly, more efficient and effective, and ultimately, to bend the cost curve.

Better Than Nothing: Participant Experiences in Using a County Health Plan

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Rovin ◽  
Rebecca Stone ◽  
Linda Gordon ◽  
Emilia Boffi ◽  
Linda Hunt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Better Than

The United States health care system has reached a crisis point, with 49.9 million Americans now living without health insurance (DeNavas-Walt, Proctor, and Smith 2011). The United States government has responded to this crisis in a variety of ways, perhaps the most visible being the enactment of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) in March 2010. With a goal of expanding access to health insurance to 32 million Americans by 2019, the ACA marks an important moment in the history of United States health care reform with the potential to drastically change the United States health insurance landscape (Connors and Gostin 2010). The law delineates only general categories of required benefits and leaves it to each state to decide the specific benefits that will be provided by the insurers in their state (Pear 2011).

scholarly journals Privilege, Oppression and the Affordable Care Act: Cultural Implications for Health Educators

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Story ◽  
Hugh Crethar ◽  
Tayler Hall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Preventive Care ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Educators ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Cultural Implications

 The United States Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) provides an opportunity for more equitable healthcare. Preventive care provisions under the ACA have the potential to address persistent health disparities. However, many health disparities are fueled by issues of privilege and oppression in our society, which lead to inequitable access. Those in positions of privilege may have greater access to quality care, even in light of the ACA. Health educators are equipped to address underpinning issues of oppression and privilege through equitable participation and culturally competent programming.

scholarly journals Evolution of Physician-Centric Business Models Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Nix ◽  
Lynn Szostek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
The Cost

For decades, the cost of medical care in the United States has increased exponentially. United States citizens spend twice as much as their European counterparts on medical care. Congress enacted the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) to ensure affordable healthcare to the citizens of the United States. PPACA legislation is creating a new paradigm in healthcare delivery and provider business models. The purpose of this case study was to explore physicians’ perspectives regarding physician-centric business models evolving under the requirements of the PPACA legislation. Data were gathered through semistructured interviews and questionnaires with a purposive sample of 75 participants across 20 medical specialties within the United States. Three universal themes emerged including (a) use of midlevel practitioners, (b) changes to provider practices, and (c) enhanced business education. Healthcare leaders may use the findings to advance the evolution of physician business models that meet the needs of healthcare stakeholders.

scholarly journals Rights to Healthcare in the United States: Inherently Unstable

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 326-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Orentlicher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
The United States ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
The Political ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Full Effect ◽  
Healthcare Coverage ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

Although international covenants have long recognized a fundamental right to healthcare, and other countries provide healthcare coverage for all of their citizens, rights to healthcare in the United States have been adopted only grudgingly, and in a manner that is inherently unstable. While a solid right to healthcare would provide much benefit to individuals and society, the political and judicial branches of the U.S. government have granted rights that are incomplete and vulnerable to erosion over time.Unfortunately, enactment of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) does not change these fundamental weaknesses in the regime of U.S. healthcare rights. Millions of Americans will remain uninsured after ACA takes full effect, and rather than creating a more stable right to healthcare, ACA gives unstable rights to more people. As a result, even if ACA survives its constitutional challenges, access to healthcare still will be threatened by the potential for attrition of the rights that ACA provides.

Unintended Consequences : the Financial Assumptions and Economic Theory of Obamacare : the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-263
Author(s):  
Michael Thoene
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Potential Efficacy ◽  
Healthcare Insurance ◽  
Classical Economic

This article examines the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA,) often referred to colloquially as Obamacare, from a financial and economic perspective in order to analyze the potential efficacy of the system. Research was gathered pertaining to the stated objectives of the program, and economic theory was applied in order to reveal if the aims of the program are congruent with economic theory. It was found that the authors of the ACA did not anticipate or under-anticipated several economic effects of the legislation, which will hamper the implementation and effectiveness of the program. Furthermore, the economic theories employed by the Obama administration relied heavily upon classical economic theory, with little or no attention given to Transaction Cost Economics (TCE). Moreover, the law itself is overly complex and controversial due to a myriad of provisions added through the intercession of lobbyists from the healthcare, insurance and special interest sectors. The end result is that Americans may obtain a slightly improved healthcare system, but the United States will most likely still lag behind the rest of the industrialized world in many key health statistics. 

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