Incidence, severity and risk factors of peripheral intravenous cannula‐induced complications: An observational prospective study

Background: Perinatal asphyxia is an insult to fetus or newborn due to lack of oxygen (hypoxia) or lack of perfusion (ischemia) to various organs of sufficient magnitude and duration. Prenatal asphyxia is one of the major causes of early neonatal mortality in India. Our goal was to evaluate risk factors of perinatal asphyxia.Methods: Observational prospective study on 100 babies delivered in our hospital consecutively and requiring resuscitation were included.Results: The mean age of mothers was 23.5 years. 54% neonates were born to primiparous mothers. Anaemia was widely prevalent in the mothers of neonates requiring resuscitation. The major maternal risk factors for newborns requiring resuscitation were pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) (46%), oligohydramnios (41%), polyhydramnios (30%) and meconium stained liquor (28%). The fetal factors associated with resuscitation of newborns were intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (30%), prematurity (25%), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) (20%), and neonatal seizures (36%). Mortality was highest in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) stage 3 with 11%.Conclusions: The most common maternal risk factors for newborns requiring resuscitation was PIH followed by oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios and meconium stained liquor. IUGR was the most common fetal risk factor followed by, prematurity, MAS and neonatal seizures.

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EFFECT OF THE EARLY INTENSIVE MULTIFACTORIAL THERAPY ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DIABETES: AN OBSERVATIONAL, PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/cjmed-406 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 168-174

Author(s):

Ramona Maria Stefan ◽

Cristina Nita ◽

Anca Craciun ◽

Adriana Rusu ◽

Nicolae Hancu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Therapeutic Education ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Observational Prospective Study

Background and aims. We assessed if early intensive interventions improve the glycemic control and the modifiable cardiovascular diseases risk factors in Romanian patients with newly diagnosed type-2 diabetes during the first year follow-up period.Patients and methods. This was an observational, prospective study: 69 subjects were included in the analysis; each of them received intensive multi-factorial pharmacologic treatment and therapeutic education targeting hyperglycemia, weight, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Disease monitoring was done at months 0, 1, 3, 6 and 12 by assessment of anthropometric measurements, arterial blood pressure and biochemical parameters. The cardiovascular diseases risk factors were calculated using the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Risk Engine.Results. The mean age at diagnosis was 53.61±10.66 years. All anthropometric variables (body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, visceral fat area, percentage of body fat), except for skeletal muscle mass, significantly decreased overtime. The majority of the biochemical parameters significantly decreased overtime. The non-fatal/fatal coronary heart disease risk significantly decreased at month 12 (9.74 [p<0.05] and 4.84 [p<0.05], respectively) compared to month 0 (19.66 and 11.10, respectively); a similar trend of the non-fatal/fatal stroke (risk at month 12, 8.30 [p<0.05] and 1.04 [p<0.05], respectively, while at month 0, 7.89 and 1.38, respectively) was recorded.Conclusions. Early multi-factorial treatment and intensive lifestyle interventions in patients newly diagnosed with type-2 diabetes could decrease with approximately 50% the rate of cardiovascular disease risk.

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