Role of alpha-1 antitrypsin in human health and disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 276 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. de Serres ◽  
I. Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Iron in Human Health and Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 453-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M. Ward ◽  
Suzanne M. Cloonan
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Mitochondrial Homeostasis ◽  
Innate Immune Signaling ◽  
Mitochondrial Iron ◽  
Health And Disease

Mitochondria are an iconic distinguishing feature of eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria encompass an active organellar network that fuses, divides, and directs a myriad of vital biological functions, including energy metabolism, cell death regulation, and innate immune signaling in different tissues. Another crucial and often underappreciated function of these dynamic organelles is their central role in the metabolism of the most abundant and biologically versatile transition metals in mammalian cells, iron. In recent years, cellular and animal models of mitochondrial iron dysfunction have provided vital information in identifying new proteins that have elucidated the pathways involved in mitochondrial homeostasis and iron metabolism. Specific signatures of mitochondrial iron dysregulation that are associated with disease pathogenesis and/or progression are becoming increasingly important. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondrial iron pathways will help better define the role of this important metal in mitochondrial function and in human health and disease.

scholarly journals Dietary Bioactive Compounds and Human Health and Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia González
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Nutritional Compounds ◽  
Dietary Bioactive Compounds

In the last century, solid scientific evidence has demonstrated the role of nutritional compounds in the maintenance of health [...]

The role of Galactose in human health and disease

Open Medicine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Manwar Hussain ◽  
Mukhtarul Hassan ◽  
Noor Shaik ◽  
Zeeshan Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Cellular Signaling ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Microbial Adhesion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Stereochemical Properties ◽  
Specific Sugar

AbstractAccording to the universal biological findings, cellular bodies are covered with an intense coating of glycans. Diversity of glycan chains, linked to lipids and proteins is due to isomeric and conformational modifications of various sugar residues, giving rise to unique carbohydrate structures with a wide range of sequences and anomeric configurations. Proteins and lipids, carrying specific sugar residues (like Galactose) with particular stereochemical properties (sequence, anomery and linkages) are involved in broad spectrums of biological processes, including intercellular and intracellular interactions, microbial adhesion and cellular signaling. By studying the role of specific seterochemical features of galactose (Gal), we have improved our understanding about the normal physiology and diseases in human bodies.

Multifunctional role of fucoidan, sulfated polysaccharides in human health and disease: A journey under the sea in pursuit of potent therapeutic agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 4263-4278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswajita Pradhan ◽  
Srimanta Patra ◽  
Rabindra Nayak ◽  
Chhandashree Behera ◽  
Soumya Ranjan Dash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Microbiota and Probiotics: The Role of Limosilactobacillus Reuteri in Diverticulitis

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 802
Author(s):  
Andrea Piccioni ◽  
Laura Franza ◽  
Vanessa Vaccaro ◽  
Angela Saviano ◽  
Christian Zanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diverticular Disease ◽  
Human Health ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Acute Diverticulitis ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Individual

The microbiota is the set of commensal microorganisms, residing in the organism, helping proper functioning of organs and systems. The role that the microbiota plays in maintaining the health of vertebrates is widely accepted, particularly in the gastrointestinal system, where it is fundamental for immunity, development, and conversion of nutrients. Dysbiosis is an alteration of the microbiota which refers to a disturbed balance, which can cause a number of pathologies. Probiotics have proven to be effective in modulating the microbiota of the gastrointestinal system and, therefore, in promoting the health of the individual. In particular, Lactobacilli are a group of Gram-positive bacteria, which are able to produce lactic acid through glucose metabolism. They are present in different microenvironments, ranging from the vagina, to the mouth, to different tracts of the small intestine. In the present review, we will discuss the use of Limosilactobacillus in human health in general and more specifically in diverticulitis. In particular we analyze the role of Limosilactobacillus reuteri and its anti-inflammatory action. For this review, articles were identified using the electronic PubMed database through a comprehensive search, conducted by combining key terms such as “diverticulitis”, “Limosilactobacillus reuteri”, “human health and disease”, “probiotics”. We selected all the articles published in the last 10 years and screened 1017 papers. Articles referenced in the screened papers were evaluated if considered interesting for our topic. Probiotics have proven to be effective in modulating the microbiota of the gastrointestinal system and, therefore, in promoting the health of the individual. The importance of probiotics in treating diverticular disease and acute diverticulitis can be further understood if taking into consideration some pathophysiological aspects, associated to the microbiota. L. reuteri plays an important role in human health and disease. The effectiveness of L. reuteri in stimulating a correct bowl motility partly explains its effectiveness in treating diverticulitis. The most important action of L. reuteri is probably its immunomodulating activity. Levels of IL-6, IL-8, and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) are reduced after supplementation with different strands of Lactobacilli, while T-regulatory cells increase in number and activity. Anyway, new mechanisms of action of probiotics come to light from the many investigations currently taking place in numerous centres around the world and to improve how exactly probiotic administration could make the difference in the management of diverticular disease and acute diverticulitis.

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