Direct and Indirect Pathways From Adverse Childhood Experiences to High School Dropout Among High-Risk Adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne S. Morrow ◽  
Miguel T. Villodas
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
High School Dropout ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

scholarly journals Associations between adverse childhood experiences and adversities later in life. Survey data from a high-risk Norwegian sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 104234
Author(s):  
Anders Dovran ◽  
Dagfinn Winje ◽  
Kjersti Arefjord ◽  
Stian Tobiassen ◽  
Kristin Stokke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Creating Relationships Responsive to Students' Needs

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-59
Author(s):  
Brianne N. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
High School ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Student Relationships ◽  
Teacher Student Relationships ◽  
The Third ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Adverse Childhood

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the author's experiences in teaching and mentoring high school and college students. One experience shared identifies the challenges students from minoritized populations may have with teachers from the dominant majority and the effects this has on students. Another experience shared details the importance of strong teacher-student relationships and how many times they are forged during participation in extra- or co-curricular activities. The third experience shared focuses on working with students who have had trauma in their backgrounds or who have had adverse childhood experiences. The chapter concludes with some helpful tips for teachers.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adolescent Delinquency in a High-Risk Sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail A. Fagan ◽  
Abigail Novak
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Race Differences ◽  
Adolescent Delinquency ◽  
Youth Offenders ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Household Dysfunction ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Research shows that adverse events experienced during childhood (i.e., adverse childhood experiences [ACEs]) are problematic, but few studies have examined race differences in the prevalence and impact of ACEs on delinquency. This study investigated these relationships using prospective data from approximately 600 high-risk families in the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. Ten ACEs were measured, five types of child maltreatment and five types of household dysfunction. White youth experienced a significantly greater number of ACEs (4.08) compared to Black youth (2.90) and a greater prevalence of seven individual ACEs. According to logistic regression analyses, the number of ACEs significantly increased the likelihood of self-reported alcohol use, marijuana use, violence (in some models), and arrest at age 16 among Blacks but not Whites; race differences were statistically significant for alcohol use, marijuana use, and arrest. The findings support the need for juvenile justice officials to recognize the trauma histories of youth offenders when determining appropriate treatment and sanctions.

scholarly journals Research on Relationships between Sexual Identity, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Rural High School Students in Less Developed Areas of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
Zheng ◽  
Tucker ◽  
Xu ◽  
Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
School Students ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Rural High School ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the influence of sexual identity and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among rural high school students in less developed areas of China. Methods: Behavior risk factors data collected from 1810 students from a high school in Jiangxi province, China. Five measures of childhood abuse and household dysfunction were summarized, and ACE was divided into 0, 1, 2, 3–5 ACEs. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influence of sexual identity, adverse childhood experiences, and their interaction with non-suicidal self-injury. Results: Compared with heterosexual students, high school students who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) have a higher tendency of non-suicidal self-injury (AOR = 3.250, 95% CI = 1.69–6.28, p < 0.01). There was also a graded relationship between cumulative ACEs exposure and non-suicidal self-injury behaviors (AOR = 1.627, 95% CI = 1.02–2.60, p < 0.05). Odds for NSSI are higher among students with both experienced ACEs and identified as LGB (AOR = 2.821, 95% CI = 1.51–5.29, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Non-suicidal self-injury is associated with ACEs exposure and with those who identify as LGB, and the NSSI odds are greater when students identify as LGB and have experienced ACEs. More interventions to reduce non-suicidal self-injury should focus on LGB and ACEs and more attention needs to be paid to those who identify as LGB and have been exposed to ACEs.

scholarly journals Emotion Recognition and Adverse Childhood Experiences in Individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-833
Author(s):  
Stefania Tognin ◽  
Ana Catalan ◽  
Gemma Modinos ◽  
Matthew J Kempton ◽  
Amaia Bilbao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Affect Recognition ◽  
Facial Affect Recognition ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective To investigate the association between facial affect recognition (FAR) and type of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in a sample of clinical high risk (CHR) individuals and a matched sample of healthy controls (HCs). Methods In total, 309 CHR individuals and 51 HC were recruited as part of an European Union-funded multicenter study (EU-GEI) and included in this work. During a 2-year follow-up period, 65 CHR participants made a transition to psychosis (CHR-T) and 279 did not (CHR-NT). FAR ability was measured using a computerized version of the Degraded Facial Affect Recognition (DFAR) task. ACEs were measured using the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Bullying Questionnaire. Generalized regression models were used to investigate the relationship between ACE and FAR. Logistic regressions were used to investigate the relationship between FAR and psychotic transition. Results In CHR individuals, having experienced emotional abuse was associated with decreased total and neutral DFAR scores. CHR individuals who had experienced bullying performed better in the total DFAR and in the frightened condition. In HC and CHR, having experienced the death of a parent during childhood was associated with lower DFAR total score and lower neutral DFAR score, respectively. Analyses revealed a modest increase of transition risk with increasing mistakes from happy to angry faces. Conclusions Adverse experiences in childhood seem to have a significant impact on emotional processing in adult life. This information could be helpful in a therapeutic setting where both difficulties in social interactions and adverse experiences are often addressed.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences, School Disengagement, and Reasons for Leaving School on Delinquency in Adolescents Who Dropout

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Man Bae
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Adolescent Delinquency ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
School Disengagement ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the long-term effect of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), school disengagement, and the reasons for leaving school on adolescent delinquency while adjusting for sex.Methods: Data were collected from 663 teenagers [male 368, female 295; mean age = 16.81 (SD = 1.10); age range = 13–19 years] through a Longitudinal Survey and Support Plan for Dropouts.Results: Multivariate latent growth modeling (LGM) demonstrated that ACEs and school disengagement are positively associated with delinquency and the mediating effect of school disengagement on association between ACEs and delinquency was verified. Teenagers who quit school for personal reasons reported fewer instances of delinquent behavior than adolescents who left because of school reasons.Conclusion: This study suggests that researchers and teachers need to consider ACEs and school disengagement as a warning index for delinquency with school dropout. In addition, the reason for leaving school should be considered to clarify the effect of school dropout on delinquency in adolescents who dropout.

scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences and Problematic Media Use: Perceptions of Caregivers of High-Risk Youth

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6725
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Domoff ◽  
Aubrey L. Borgen ◽  
Nicole Wilke ◽  
Amanda Hiles Howard
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Risk Youth

Youth with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are more likely to develop risky health behaviors. With the increase of media use in the general population, it is likely that these high-risk youth are developing maladaptive behaviors associated with media use (i.e., problematic media use). The goals of this article are (1) to describe symptoms of problematic media use in high-risk youth and (2) to determine whether ACEs are related to problematic media use in this population. Data were collected through online questionnaires from 348 parents or legal guardians of children ages 5 to 18 years, the majority of whom had been adopted. Parents and guardians reported on the child’s history of ACEs and completed the Problematic Media Use Measure-Short Form (PMUM-SF). Almost half of the participants reported that their child had a history of four or more ACEs (48.9%). Caregivers of foster or adopted children reported more symptoms of problematic media use than those reporting on their biological children. After adjusting for covariates, the number of ACEs predicted problematic media use above and beyond variance explained by demographic factors or screen time amount. Children with a history of ACEs had higher problematic media use compared to children without ACEs.

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