Are serum ferritin and transferrin saturation risk markers for restless legs syndrome in young adults? Longitudinal and cross‐sectional data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study

Introduction: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) also known as Willis Ekbom Disease (WED) which manifests as a neurologic disorder among patients with anaemia, particularly with iron deficiency anaemia. Aim: To find the association of anaemia with RLS in the elderly population. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 patients of age ≥60 years were enrolled and categorised into mild, moderate, and severe anaemia as per World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria. Every participant was enquired about RLS via a questionnaire based on the International RLS Study Group Rating Scale (IRLSSGRS) for its Severity and for the diagnosis (Essential clinical criteria for the diagnosis of RLS). Results: The study showed that patients with anaemia had a statistically significant correlation with RLS (p=0.04) and severity of RLS (p=0.032). Serum ferritin levels too showed a statistically significant correlation with RLS (p=0.032). Conclusion: Patients with severe anaemia and lower serum ferritin levels were more prone to RLS and had more RLS severity.

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0615 The Prevalence of Common Sleep Disorders In Young Adults: A Population-Based Study

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.612 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A235-A236

Author(s):

P R Eastwood ◽

S V Ward ◽

R S Bucks ◽

K Maddison ◽

A Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Young Adults ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Restless Legs Syndrome ◽

Survey Methods ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Periodic Leg Movements ◽

Restless Legs

Abstract Introduction Adult sleep disorders are associated with adverse health effects including reduced quality of life and increased mortality. However, there is a paucity of data on sleep disorders in young adulthood. Methods We undertook a cross-sectional observational study of 1,227 young adults participating in the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Study (2012-2014) to describe the prevalence of common sleep disorders in young adults. We used in-laboratory polysomnography (PSG) and validated survey methods, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Symptom Questionnaire-Insomnia and International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria. 1,146 completed a core questionnaire, 1,051 completed a sleep-focused questionnaire and 935 had analysable PSG data. Results Participants had a mean age of 22.2 years and male to female ratio of 1 to 1.1. The prevalence of OSA [apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI): ≥5events/hour] was 20.8% (95%CI: 18.2 to 23.6) and this was usually of mild severity (AHI:≥5 to<15events/hour, 17.1%). OSA syndrome (AHI≥5 events/hour and ESS≥11) was found in 2.8% (95%CI: 1.9 to 4.1). Chronic insomnia was present in 16.6% (95%CI: 14.7 to 19.4). Restless legs syndrome was present in 2.9% (95%CI: 2.0 to 4.0) and abnormal periodic leg movements during sleep (>5 movements/hour) in 9.1% (95%CI: 7.3 to 11.1). In those participants who had complete data on all sleep-related assessments (n=841), at least one sleep disorder was present in 42.6%. Conclusion Sleep disorders are very common in young adults. Health practitioners should be aware of these high prevalences, as early identification and treatment can improve quality of life and may reduce later morbidity and mortality. Support

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Correlates of physical activity and sedentary time in young adults: the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-018-5705-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Erin K. Howie ◽

Joanne A. McVeigh ◽

Elisabeth A. H. Winkler ◽

Genevieve N. Healy ◽

Romola S. Bucks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young Adults ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Raine Study ◽

Pregnancy Cohort ◽

Western Australian

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Prevalence of restless legs syndrome: a cross-sectional population-based study from northwest of Turkey

Sleep and Biological Rhythms ◽

10.1007/s41105-021-00335-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Selma Aksoy ◽

Esen Eker ◽

Sibel Yalcin ◽

Handan Isin Ozisik Karaman

Keyword(s):

Restless Legs Syndrome ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Restless Legs

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The Relationship between Restless Legs Syndrome and Quality of Life in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis

European Neurology ◽

10.1159/000502002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 81 (3-4) ◽

pp. 205-208

Author(s):

Monica F. Ataide ◽

Carolina da Cunha-Correia ◽

Katia C.L. Petribú

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Myasthenia Gravis ◽

Restless Legs Syndrome ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Restless Legs ◽

Study Population ◽

Clinical Conditions

Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized for an uncomfortable sensation in legs and an irresistible desire to move them. This disorder has been more recently recognized in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and can interfere with the quality of life (QOL). Objectives: The aims of this study are to describe the prevalence of RLS and its severity and influence on the QOL in patients with MG. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from May to June 2016 in Recife, Brazil. A sample of 42 patients was interviewed using a sociodemographic questionnaire, MG QOL questionnaire-15 and The RLS Rating Scale. Results: RLS was present in 47.6% of patients and of these 40.5% met moderate to severe RLS criteria. Patients were 45 years on average (SD ± 14.4) and women represented 57.1% of the study population. Among patients with RSL, the quality-of-life scores were worse (p = 0.010) on average. There was no association of RLS with the duration of MG, use of immunosuppressant or clinical conditions that could mimic the occurrence of RLS. Conclusion: RLS is a prevalent condition in patients with MG, and may be severe enough to negatively impact QOL.

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Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of the Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) in Patients Diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Antioquia

International journal of psychological research ◽

10.21500/20112084.3381 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 58-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Sierra Montoya ◽

Sandra Catalina Mesa Restrepo ◽

Jorge Mauricio Cuartas Arias ◽

William Cornejo Ochoa

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Restless Legs Syndrome ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Children With Adhd ◽

Clinical Criteria ◽

Restless Legs ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Behavioral Issue

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral issue for children. One of the sleeping disorders most frequently related to ADHD is the Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs, something that is generally associated with paresthesias and motor restlessness. The prevalence rate of RLS in children diagnosed with ADHD is close to 18%, but in Colombia, these cases have been hardly studied. Objective: To determine the frequency of RLS, in children with ADHD. Methods: A cross-sectional study, filled out by parents of children diagnosed with ADHD, were analyzed. This questionnaire contained clinical criteria for classifying ADHD according to the DSM-IV, as well as diagnostic criteria for RLS by the National Institutes of Health (2003). Results: A predominance rate of 65.6% in combined ADHD was observed in children with RLS criteria. Upon carrying out an exploratory data analysis, it was found that having a family history of RLS and belonging to the middle or low socioeconomic strata are conditions associated with the presence of RLS in children with ADHD, with a significant p (p < 0.000) and a PR of 4.47 (3.16-6.32). Conclusions: The prevalence of RLS was similar to the findings of other clinical investigations. However, it highlights new prevalence values in relation to the comorbidity between ADHD and RLS, suggesting the need for new clinical and therapeutic alternatives amidst the presence of both syndromes.

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P1407LIVER, HEART AND BONE: THE PATH OF IRON OVERLOAD IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p1407 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Lucas Acatauassu Nunes ◽

Luciene Reis ◽

Hanna Machado ◽

Rosse Osório ◽

Rosa Moyses ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Remodeling ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Bone Biopsy ◽

Saturation Index ◽

Transferrin Saturation ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

High Serum ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Osteoblast Activity

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with several comorbidities, including anemia, since with decreased renal function there is a decrease in erythropoietin (EPO) production and changes in iron (Fe) metabolism. In hemodialysis patients, prescription of Fe is indicated to supplement the needs of this element by maintaining ferritin levels above 100 mg/dl and transferrin saturation greater than 20%. However, the excess of Fe can generate free Fe not bound to transferrin, and deposit in organs such as liver, heart, and bone marrow, with consequent impairment of their function. In hemodialysis patients, the diagnosis of Fe overload, its clinical significance and therapeutic decision have been poorly studied, unlike thalassemia patients. Aims To assess whether hemodialysis patients with ferritin levels equal to or greater than 1000 mg/l also have Fe overload in liver, heart, and bone marrow, as well as compromise bone density and remodeling. Method This is a cross-sectional analysis that included 28 adult patients on regular conventional hemodialysis. Inclusion criteria were serum levels of ferritin ≥ 1000 mg/l, and ESRD treated by regular hemodialysis for at least 6 months. We excluded patients with HIV, cancer, hepatic disease, patients who received desferroxamine in the latest year, and those previously submitted to a kidney transplant. All patients underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), serum ferritin, transferrin saturation index (STI), Fe, C reactive protein (CRP), Calcium(Ca), phosphorus (P), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels were recorded. T2* image acquisition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 1,5 Tesla, were used for the assessment of Fe of liver, and heart. R2* and R2* Water were used of liver and bone (iliac crest). Bone biopsy was also performed. Results We evaluated 28 hemodialysis patients with a mean age of 55.8±13.1, hemodialysis time of 42.5±26.5 and iron use in the year prior to study enrollment of 311.5±179.8 mg/month. Biochemical analysis showed 3 patients with Hb below 9.0 mg/dl and 14 with values above 11.5 mg/dl; 6 patients with SatFe <30% and 12 patients with ferritin >1500mg/dl; 16 patients with PTH <300pg/ml and eight with >600pg/dl. MRI revealed Fe overload in the liver and bone tissue (figure 1) of all patients but not in the heart. Serum ferritin levels correlated with liver and bone overload (figure 2). Densitometry and bone biopsy results were not affected by Fe overload, however, serum Fe levels were associated with lower bone remodeling and mineralization suggesting an effect of this element on osteoblast activity. Conclusion High serum ferritin is associated with liver and bone marrow Fe overload, but not heart, as well as with low bone remodeling and mineralization. We must be aware of these side effects of high doses of Fe that are commonly used in these patients.

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The prevalence of common sleep disorders in young adults: a descriptive population-based study

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nigel McArdle ◽

Sarah V Ward ◽

Romola S Bucks ◽

Kathleen Maddison ◽

Anne Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Young Adults ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Sleep Disorder ◽

Restless Legs Syndrome ◽

Survey Methods ◽

Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽

Restless Legs ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Sleep disorders in adults are associated with adverse health effects including reduced quality of life and increased mortality. However, there is little information on sleep disorders in young adults. A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken in 1,227 young adults participating in the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Study (2012–2014) to describe the prevalence of common sleep disorders. In-laboratory polysomnography (PSG) and validated survey methods were used, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Symptom Questionnaire-Insomnia, and International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria. A total of 1,146 participants completed a core questionnaire, 1,051 completed a sleep-focused questionnaire and 935 had analyzable PSG data. Participants had a mean age of 22.2 years and female to male ratio of 1.1 to 1. The respective sleep disorder prevalences in females and males were: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI]: ≥5 events/hour) 14.9% (95% CI: 11.8–18.5) and 26.9% (95% CI: 22.9–31.2); chronic insomnia, 19.3% (95% CI: 16.7–23.9) and 10.6% (95% CI: 8.3–13.9); restless legs syndrome, 3.8% (95% CI: 2.4–5.6) and 1.9% (95% CI: 0.9–3.4); and abnormal periodic leg movements during sleep (>5 movements/hour), 8.6% (95% CI: 6.3–11.5) and 9.6% (95% CI: 7.1–12.7). There were statistically significant differences in prevalence between sexes for OSA and insomnia, which persisted after adjustment for body mass index and education. In those with complete data on all sleep-related assessments (n = 836), at least one sleep disorder was present in 41.0% of females and 42.3% of males. Sleep disorders are very common in young adults. Health practitioners should be aware of these high prevalences, as early identification and treatment can improve quality of life and may reduce later morbidity and mortality.

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Restless legs syndrome in patients on chronic hemodialysis in a Brazilian city: frequency, biochemical findings and comorbidities

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2003000500004 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 61 (3B) ◽

pp. 723-727 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Gilberto S. Goffredo Filho ◽

Cláudia C. Gorini ◽

Andrei S. Purysko ◽

Herta C. Silva ◽

Ibrahim Eduardo F. Elias

Keyword(s):

Restless Legs Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Hemodialysis ◽

Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽

Study Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Restless Legs ◽

Biochemical Variables ◽

Biochemical Abnormalities

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in Petrópolis, Brazil, and investigate associations between the syndrome and: demographic characteristics, biochemical variables and comorbidities. METHOD: A cross-sectional study in which we interviewed 176 patients on dialytic therapy based on criteria elaborated by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group, and compared data of patients with and without RLS. RESULTS: The frequency was 14.8 %. There were no significant differences between the two groups in demographic and biochemical variables investigated (iron, creatinine, intact parathyroid hormone, hemoglobin, calcium, phosphate). We found no association between RLS and the most common comorbidities, except for chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) (OR = 3.84, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In the studied population RLS is a common disorder, and is not associated with the investigated biochemical abnormalities. A higher frequency of RLS in subjects with CGN is a finding that needs further investigation.

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