scholarly journals After their wives have delivered, a lot of men like going out : Perceptions of HIV transmission risk and support for HIV prevention methods during breastfeeding in sub‐Saharan Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie L. Flax ◽  
Imogen Hawley ◽  
Julia Ryan ◽  
Miria Chitukuta ◽  
Florence Mathebula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hiv Transmission Risk ◽  
Prevention Methods

scholarly journals HIV prevention strategies and risk of infection: a model-based analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (8) ◽  
pp. 1015-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hahn ◽  
R. Hinz ◽  
T. Meyer ◽  
U. Loderstädt ◽  
O. Herchenröder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies ◽  
Hiv Transmission Risk

AbstractRisk populations for HIV infections tend to neglect condom use, making alternative preventive approaches necessary. Accordingly, we modelled the risk of sexual HIV transmission for condom usevs.use of rapid diagnostic test (RDT) systems with subsequent exclusion of potential sexual partners with a correctly or falsely positive test from unprotected sex with and without the use of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in a bio-statistical approach. We combined a previously described model of transmission risk for HIV-exposed individuals with a newly suggested model of risk of HIV exposure for sexually active HIV-negative individuals. The model was adapted for several stages of infection and different strategies of HIV infection prevention.HIV prevention with RDTs can reduce the transmission risk by up to 97% compared with having sex without any prevention and up to 80% compared with condom use. Nevertheless, RDT-based prevention strategies demonstrate a lack of protection in several stages of infection; in particular, RNA-based RDT systems may fail under treatment. RDT-based pre-screening of potential sex partners prior to unprotected sexual contacts substantially reduces HIV transmission risk. Combination of different prevention strategies is advisable for high-risk groups.

scholarly journals Longitudinal HIV Transmission Risk Profiles Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV in the SUN Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155798831881828
Author(s):  
Jacob J. van den Berg ◽  
Nickolas D. Zaller ◽  
Fizza S. Gillani ◽  
Shira I. Dunsiger ◽  
Brandon D. L. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Risk Class ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Transmission Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv

Examining how multiple concomitant factors interact to augment HIV transmission risk is needed to inform more effective primary and secondary HIV prevention programs for men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States. The development of a “taxonomy” of long-term sexual and drug-related risk behavior profiles may have important implications for resource allocation and targeted HIV prevention programming. A secondary data analysis was conducted to explore longitudinal HIV transmission risk profiles among 423 MSM living with HIV enrolled in the Study to Understand the Natural History of HIV and AIDS in the Era of Effective Therapy (SUN Study). Between March 2004 and February 2012, participants completed semiannual, audio computer-assisted self-interviews that included demographics, employment status, medical information, alcohol use, stimulant use, sexual risk, and depression. Latent class analysis was used to identify patterns of risky behavior over time with respect to sexual risk, heavy drinking, and stimulant (i.e., methamphetamine and cocaine) use taken collectively. Three classes were identified: (a) High Sustained Heavy Drinker Class (33%), (b) High Mostly Stable Sexual Risk Class (17%), and (c) Overall Low Risk Class. (50%). Post hoc comparisons between classes revealed that men in Classes 1 ( p = .03) and 2 ( p = .02) were significantly younger than those in Class 3. In comparison to those in Classes 1 and 3, those in Class 2 were less likely to report being a racial/ethnic minority ( p = .04) and had the highest self-reported sexually transmitted infections ( p < .001). Findings indicate the need to better integrate sexual and substance use risk reduction strategies, including brief interventions and engagement in addiction treatment, for MSM living with HIV in the United States.

HIV transmission risk among sub-Saharan Africans in London travelling to their countries of origin

AIDS ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1442-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Fenton ◽  
Martha Chinouya ◽  
Oliver Davidson ◽  
Andrew Copas
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hiv Transmission Risk

Vaginal Ring Adherence in Sub-Saharan Africa: Expulsion, Removal, and Perfect Use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Vaginal Ring ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Women ◽  
Prevention Trials ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Prevention Method ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Hiv Negative

In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV incidence andprevalence remain disproportionately high among women.Vaginal rings (VRs) have been formulated for the deliveryof antiretroviral-based microbicides, and their favorablesafety and tolerability profiles reported in clinical studies.Although the concept of drug release through a VR hasexisted since 1970, and VRs have been marketed since1992 for contraceptive or hormone replacement purposes,VR use as a microbicide delivery system is a novelapplication. This is the first study to evaluate VR adherenceamong African women in the context of its potential use asan HIV prevention method, to examine predictors ofadherence, and to describe clinical or contextual reasonsfor VR removals or nonadherence. This was a randomizedtrial of the safety and acceptability of a placebo VR wornfor 12 weeks in 170 HIV-negative, African women aged18–35 in four clinic sites in South Africa and Tanzania.The findings suggest that adherence to VR use in thecontext of HIV prevention trials in these communitiesshould be high, thereby enabling more accurate assessmentof an active microbicide safety and efficacy.Keywords Vaginal ring ? Adherence ? Sub-SaharanAfrica ? Female-controlled HIV prevention methods ?Microbicide delivery

Vaginosis Ups Female HIV Transmission Risk

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (13) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
JENNIE SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Hiv Transmission Risk
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