Peningkatan Kemampuan Kader Melalui Edukasi Pemanfaatan Bahan Alam Untuk Meningkatkan Produksi ASI Di Kelurahan Banjarsari Surakarta

Background: The benefits of breastfeeding for infants include reducing infant mortality due to diarrhea and infection, reducing mortality among malnourished children, protecting against gastrointestinal infections, as well as being a source of energy and nutrition for infants aged 6 to 23 months. While the benefits for mothers who are breastfed are reducing the risk of ovarian cancer and providing breast support after milk production, as a natural prevention method in the first six months of birth, and helping to lose weight faster with pregnancy. Vegetables / natural plants that are easily available around us that can be used to increase breast milk production. Research in addition to carbohydrates, these vegetables also contain protein, minerals (phosphorus, calcium and iron, as well as a number of vitamins A, B1 and C). Methods: The method used is to present a booklet through education. The number of respondents was 20 mothers of health cadres. Results: The result of this community service activity is an increase in knowledge about the use of style materials for breastfeeding from 75% sufficient knowledge to 80% good knowledge. Conclusion: increasing knowledge and understanding of health cadres before and before providing education through natural plant booklets to increase breast milk.

Introducing the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring in Sub-Saharan Africa: What Can We Learn from Oral PrEP?

Purpose of review Clinical trials have found that the dapivirine vaginal ring (DVR) is safe to use and effective at reducing women’s risk of acquiring HIV infection. As countries prepare for the introduction of this novel long-acting, woman-controlled prevention method, an examination of key learnings from oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery will help programs leverage successful innovations and approaches to support DVR scale-up and expand the method mix for HIV prevention. Recent findings Intensive efforts over the past 5 years have yielded lessons on how to facilitate access to oral PrEP; expand service delivery for PrEP; address the knowledge, attitudes, and skills providers need to support PrEP initiation and effective use; develop messaging that builds community and partner support and combats stigma; and understand the cyclical nature of PrEP use. Summary Evidence from oral PrEP introduction and scale-up can help inform and expedite DVR introduction.

Research on the Communication Transformation and Its Risk Prevention Method in the Background of Big Data

The communication based on big data technology is an organized communication form built with data and algorithms as the core, which has a very serious risk of liquefaction in the practical development. Therefore, based on the understanding of the transformation of communication ontology and the uncertainty of the subject under the background of big data technology, this paper studies and analyzes the risk prevention countermeasures based on streaming big data analysis according to the alienated risks it presents.

Experience in a comprehensive pre-test risk assessment of thromboembolic complications in surgical patients with a high risk of congenital thrombophilia.

Введение. Каждый год около трети летальных исходов от венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений (ВТЭО) в мире приходится на долю пациентов, перенесших хирургические вмешательства. Традиционные подходы в оценке рисков не всегда подходят пациентам хирургического профиля в связи с широкой разрозненностью возрастных групп, наличием пациентов с различными тромбофилическими состояниями, высокими рисками предстоящих вмешательств и низкой настороженностью персонала. Выходом из этой ситуации является поиск лучших инструментов для проведения предтестовой диагностики. Цель исследования: анализ результатов комплексной предтестовой оценки риска развития ВТЭО у пациентов хирургического профиля с высоким риском наличия врожденных тромбофилий. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 35 пациентов с одним из проявлений ВТЭО (основная группа) и 55 пациентов, указавшие на наличие ВТЭО у себя в прошлом или у родственников первой кровной линии в возрасте до 50 лет (контрольная группа). Проведено тестирование по шкалам Geneva, Wells, Caprini с последующим анализом. Для выявления нарушений в системе протеина С применяли «Парус-тест». Результаты. Предтестовая оценка с применением шкалы Caprini и нормализованного отношения (НО) «Парус-теста» показала высокий риск развития ВТЭО у пациентов обеих групп. Заключение. Тестирование с помощью шкалы Caprini и НО «Парус-теста» показало хорошие результаты для оценки рисков развития ВТЭО и качественного подбора метода профилактики ВТЭО у пациентов хирургического профиля. Background. Every year, about a third of deaths from venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC) in the world occur among surgical patients. Traditional risk assessment is not always suitable for surgical patients due to the wide disparity of age groups, the presence of patients with various thrombophilic conditions, high risks of forthcoming interventions, and low medical staff alertness. The solution is to find the best tools for pre-test diagnostics. Objectives: to analyze the results of a comprehensive pre-test assessment of VTEC risk in surgical patients with a high risk of congenital thrombophilia. Patients/Methods. We examined 35 patients with one of VTEC manifestations (main group) and 55 patients who had a history of VTEC or VTEC episode in first blood line relatives under the age of 50 (control group). Testing was carried out according to Geneva, Wells, and Caprini scales with subsequent analysis. Parus-test was used to detect the disturbances in protein C system. Results. The pre-test assessment using the Caprini scale and the normalized ratio (NR) of Parus-test showed a high risk of VTEC in patients of both groups. Conclusions. Testing with the Caprini scale and NR of Parus-test showed good results for assessment of VTEC risks and for a qualitative selection of VTEC prevention method in surgical patients.

PUBLIC AWARENESS ABOUT SYMPTOMS AND PREVENTION OF COVID-19 IN BENOWO, SURABAYA

Background: Since its first report, COVID-19 has remained a major threat worldwide. Various attempts were made to treat and prevent further transmission of COVID-19. In Indonesia, although the first case was reported nearly five months after the first case in Wuhan, the transmission was the fastest among Southeast Asian countries. Several efforts have been made to prevent further transmission. Objective: Our community services program aimed to assess the public understanding of COVID-19 symptoms and the application of SHE (Self and Environmental Health) as a form of COVID-19 prevention. Method: We conducted counseling using a door-to-door method to increase the understanding of SHE as a form of COVID-19 prevention and then at the end of the visit, a questionnaire was given to measure the understanding of symptoms and prevention COVID-19 transmission. Results: After conducted the door-to-door counselling in Kandangan district, it is known that the public understanding of the symptoms and ways of preventing COVID-19 is quite good. The method of prevention that is understood by the public includes using masks, diligently wash hands, and maintain social distance in gathering. However, there are still people who do not understand (31.13%) that increasing their immune system by consuming nutritious and balanced food and exercise can also be used to prevent the transmission of COVID-19. Because a good immune system can prevent individuals from infection with pathogens such as COVID-19. Conclusion: The community has sufficient understanding of the symptoms and ways of preventing COVID-19 so that it is expected it can reduce the transmission of COVID-19 in Benowo District, Surabaya.

Earthworm Depuration: Analysis of Coprophagy and Light Impacts

Earthworms are used as biomarkers to determine the bioavailability of contaminants. As such, their uptake of contaminants has been studied extensively. Protocols have been established to ensure that laboratory-obtained data are valid and comparable. However, the method of removing the organism’s gut content (depuration) before assessing the contaminant in the tissue is not standardized. The aim of this research project is to investigate some parameters for earthworm depuration: light conditions and coprophagy prevention. Eisenia fetida were depurated for 48 hours in two separate studies according to guidelines ASTM-E1676 and OECD Test No. 317. In one study, 2 frequencies of egesta removal were employed during depuration to prevent coprophagy and compared to the control (egesta and worms removed after 48 hours). In another study, the subjects and material egested were assessed under conditions of continuous darkness and the control (continuous light). The depuration methods that included egesta removal every 12 and 24 hours resulted in 62% and 10% more egested material per mg of earthworm than the control (filter paper disc change after 48 hours), respectively. The earthworms depurated in continuous darkness egested 94% more material per mg of earthworm than the control. The results indicate that depuration would be more total under continuous darkness and employing a coprophagy prevention method. These findings could lead to more efficient depuration methods.

Attenuated Salmonella carrying plasmid co-expressing HPV16 L1 and siRNA-E6 for cervical cancer therapy

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the major etiological factor for cervical cancer. HPV prophylactic vaccines based on L1 virus-like particles have been considered as an effective prevention method. However, existing recombination vaccines are too expensive for developing countries. DNA vaccines might be a lower-cost and effective alternative. In this study, a plasmid (pcDNA3.1-HPV16-L1) and a co-expressing plasmid (pcDNA3.1-HPV16-L1-siE6) carried by attenuated Salmonella were constructed and their prevention and treatment effect on cervical cancer were observed, respectively. The results showed that pcDNA3.1-HPV16-L1 carried by attenuated Salmonella could induce the production of HPV16-L1 antibodies, IL-2 and INF-γ in mice serum, which presented its prevention effect on HPV. Subsequently, E6 and E7 gene silencing by pCG-siE6 inhibited the growth of cervical cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, L1 up-regulation and E6/E7 down-regulation caused by co-expressing plasmid (pcDNA3.1-HPV16-L1-siE6) contributed to a significant anti-tumor effect on the mice. This study suggests that pcDNA3.1-HPV16-L1-siE6 carried by attenuated Salmonella has a synergistic effect of immune regulation and RNA interference in cervical cancer treatment.

543 - Cultural Considerations for Older LGBTQ Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case and Review

IntroductionThroughout the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults have been disproportionately impacted by both illness and fatalities. Of the nearly 39 million adults over age 65 in the United States, approximately 2.4 million older adults identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ). LGBTQ older adults face unique challenges due to their intersecting identities and histories, including the effects of heterosexism, ageism, and being more likely to live alone, be single, and not have children. As we implement social distancing as a primary COVID-19 prevention method, older adults have faced increased isolation.MethodsWe presented a case of a lesbian older adult patient who has experienced increased depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. A table will be added featuring culturally competent recommendations for LGBTQ older adults from a literature review.ResultsA 77-year-old female with history of major depression, attention deficit disorder, hypertension, xerostomia, and polymyalgia rheumatica. The patient has been on multiple trials of medications for depression as well as ECT treatments. She was initially engaged to a man and after some years fell in love with a woman. The patient is currently single and has no children. She typically has a strong support system with her lifelong friend and attends church. She transitioned from independent living to an adult living facility, with the hope of increased social activity and connectedness. However, due to COVID-19, she experienced her move as extremely difficult, and was disappointed that all social activities were canceled. For a period of several months, she was unable to visit her chosen family, was limited to attending church via Zoom, and was restricted from multiple areas of the complex. As a result, she reported increased depression, anxiety, and difficulty sleeping with passive suicidal ideation due to isolation and no direct family support.ConclusionOlder LGBTQ populations are at disproportionately higher risk for mental health conditions and with the current social distancing measures in place, social isolation and loneliness has been exacerbated.Connection with accepting family and community are well documented in the literature as key protective factors and sources of resiliency in LGBTQ populations. Culturally competent care is integral to psychiatric treatment of older LGBTQ adults.Note:This abstract was presented at the American Association of Geriatric Psychiatry 2021 Annual Meeting.

Comparative study of Prophylactic Intravenous Ondansetron in the Attenuation of Post Spinal Hypotension versus Dexamethasone in Parturient Undergoing Caesarean Delivery

Background Spinal anaesthesia (SA) is the preferred anaesthesia technique for Caesarean section. Hypotension and bradycardia are the most common side effects encountered and are more pronounced in pregnant patients, the incidence being as high as 52.6% and 2.5% in normal patients. The occurrence of hypotension can be dangerous as it compromises placental circulation and can have a detrimental effect on the foetus. Objectives The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of ondansetron versus dexamethasone in decreasing incidence of spinal induced hypotension in parturient undergoing cesarean surgery. Patients and Methods This study was conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals between March 2019 till September 2019. After approval is obtained from the research ethics committee of faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University & patients’ informed consents consent from each patient after full explanation of the procedure possible side effects and complications., 75 healthy parturient, (ASA)physical status I and II undergoing elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. Results 8 mg ondansetron is more effective than 8 mg dexamethasone in the attenuation of post spinal hypotension. Also, that Dexamethasone 8 mg was as effective as ondansetron 8 mg in providing a simple, safe, cheap, and effective intra and postoperative nausea and emesis prevention method with the advantage of being cheaper decreasing the economic burden. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that, among patients who received spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine and fentanyl as adjuvant for elective for cesarean section, prophylactic intravenous 8 mg ondansetron compared to dexamethasone significantly decreases hypotension, HR fluctuation, yet the need for rescue doses for ephedrine were significantly higher in ondansetron.