A grape breeding programme using different Vitis species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Atak ◽  
Abdulbaki Şen
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Vitis Species ◽  
Grape Breeding

scholarly journals The Grapevine E3 Ubiquitin Ligase VriATL156 Confers Resistance against the Downy Mildew Pathogen Plasmopara viticola

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Elodie Vandelle ◽  
Pietro Ariani ◽  
Alice Regaiolo ◽  
Davide Danzi ◽  
Arianna Lovato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Vitis Species ◽  
Vitis Riparia

Downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara viticola, is one of the most severe diseases of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Genetic resistance is an effective and sustainable control strategy, but major resistance genes (encoding receptors for specific pathogen effectors) introgressed from wild Vitis species, although effective, may be non-durable because the pathogen can evolve to avoid specific recognition. Previous transcriptomic studies in the resistant species Vitis riparia highlighted the activation of signal transduction components during infection. The transfer of such components to V. vinifera might confer less specific and therefore more durable resistance. Here, we describe the generation of transgenic V. vinifera lines constitutively expressing the V. riparia E3 ubiquitin ligase gene VriATL156. Phenotypic and molecular analysis revealed that the transgenic plants were less susceptible to P. viticola than vector-only controls, confirming the role of this E3 ubiquitin ligase in the innate immune response. Two independent transgenic lines were selected for detailed analysis of the resistance phenotype by RNA-Seq and microscopy, revealing the profound reprogramming of transcription to achieve resistance that operates from the earliest stages of pathogen infection. The introduction of VriATL156 into elite grapevine cultivars could therefore provide an effective and sustainable control measure against downy mildew.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of MADS-Box Gene VroAGL11 Associated with Stenospermocarpic Seedlessness in Muscadine Grapes

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
M Atikur Rahman ◽  
Subramani P Balasubramani ◽  
Sheikh M Basha
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phosphorylation Site ◽  
Orthologous Gene ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Vitis Species ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Seed Content ◽  
Putative Phosphorylation Site ◽  
Mads Box Gene ◽  
Muscadine Grapes

Reduced expression of MADS-box gene AGAMOUS-LIKE11 (VviAGL11) is responsible for stenospermocarpic seedlessness in bunch grapes. This study is aimed to characterize the VviAGL11 orthologous gene (VroAGL11) in native muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia) at the molecular level and analyze its divergence from other plants. The VroAGL11 transcripts were found in all muscadine cultivars tested and highly expressed in berries while barely detectable in leaves. RT-PCR and sequencing of predicted ORFs from diverse grape species showed that AGL11 transcripts were conservatively spliced. The encoded VroAGL11 protein contains highly conserved MADS-MEF2-like domain, MADS domain, K box, putative phosphorylation site and two sumoylation motifs. The muscadine VroAGL11 proteins are almost identical (99%) to that of seeded bunch cultivar, Chardonnay, except in one amino acid (A79G), but differs from mutant protein of seedless bunch grape, Sultanina, in two amino acids, R197L and T210A. Phylogenetic analysis showed that AGL11 gene of muscadine and other Vitis species formed a separate clade than that of other eudicots and monocots. Muscadine grape cultivar “Jane Bell” containing the highest percentage of seed content in berry (7.2% of berry weight) had the highest VroAGL11 expression, but almost none to nominal expression in seedless cultivars Fry Seedless (muscadine) and Reliance Seedless (bunch). These findings suggest that VroAGL11 gene controls the seed morphogenesis in muscadine grapes like in bunch grape and can be manipulated to induce stenospermocarpic seedlessness using gene editing technology.

scholarly journals The viability of a breeding programme for ash in the British Isles in the face of ash dieback

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Plumb ◽  
Timothy L. R. Coker ◽  
Jonathan J. Stocks ◽  
Paul Woodcock ◽  
Christopher P. Quine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Programme ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Ash Dieback ◽  
The Face

THE STUDY OF SELF-(IN)COMPATIBILITY IN CEBAS-CSIC ALMOND BREEDING PROGRAMME

2012 ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
E. Ortega ◽  
P.J. Martínez-García ◽  
F. Dicenta
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Programme

scholarly journals The Value of Zoos for Science and Conservation

Oryx ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Jarvis
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Cultural Institution

For too long zoos have been regarded as places of entertainment where people go to laugh at the animals. But the modern zoo has important functions to fill and must take its place as a scientific and cultural institution beside the museum and the research station. The author, editor of the International Zoo Yearbook, suggests that zoos have three main functions: firstly, educational, where their opportunity is enormous — 150 million people a year go to see the half-million vertebrate animals in the 500 zoos and aquaria listed in the Yearbook; secondly as repositories of data about wild animals; thirdly, as breeding centres for endangered species. She believes that a united organised breeding programme, using large units and with each zoo specialising in certain animals, could save many endangered species.

A swelling power test for selecting potential noodle quality wheats

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM McCormick ◽  
JF Panozzo ◽  
SH Hong
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Power Test ◽  
Swelling Power ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Predictive Method ◽  
Rapid Visco Analyser ◽  
Paste Viscosity ◽  
Noodle Quality

A swelling power test was developed for selecting wheats suitable for the manufacture of Japanese white noodles. The test is rapid, uses less than 0.4 g of sample and is applicable to starch, flour, wholemeal or Quadrumat Junior flour samples. Swelling power values correlated significantly (P < 0.01) with peak paste viscosity monitored on the Rapid Visco Analyser and with noodle eating quality. Paste viscosity of flour or starch is considered an important characteristic governing noodle quality. The swelling power test provides a suitable predictive method for identifying noodle quality wheats in the early stages of a breeding programme.

Induction of female organs in male flowers of vitis species by zeatin and dihydrozeatin

1971 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2653-2655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Hashizume ◽  
Muneo Iizuka
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Species ◽  
Male Flowers

Progress in a crambe cross breeding programme

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.D Mastebroek ◽  
W Lange
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Cross Breeding

New promising Japanese plum cultivars for warm areas from CEBAS-CSIC/IMIDA breeding programme

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
D. Ruiz ◽  
J. Cos ◽  
M. Nicolás-Almansa ◽  
J. Egea ◽  
F. García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Japanese Plum

PLANT BREEDING PROGRAMME FOR 1935 RELATIVE TO GRASSES AND CLOVERS

1935 ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
L. Corkill
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Breeding Technique ◽  
Plant Research ◽  
Plant Breeding Programme

The purpose of this paper is to outline the general breeding technique adopted at the Plant Research Station in regard to the improvement of grasses and clovers to pedigree standard.

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