scholarly journals Seeing and visual reference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Lande
Keyword(s):  
Visual Reference

scholarly journals Mindfulness – en religionssociologisk analyse af et moderne fænomen

2015 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Rikke Gottfredsen
Keyword(s):  
English Abstract ◽  
Complete Sample ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Visual Reference ◽  
The Way

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Mindfulness is a phenomenon increasingly attracting interest in Denmark. It is offered by many different types of providers. This research categorizes in a complete sample of mindfulness providers in Aarhus the way in which these providers communicate their affiliation with mindfulness as respectively Buddhism, spirituality or a-religious technique. This is done using the criteria’s authorization, text reference and visual reference. The article's research shows that mindfulness is offered as a-religious technique, but claims simultaneously, based on Hornborg and Durkheim, that even this alleged a-religiosity can be considered religious.DANSK RESUMÉ: Mindfulness er et fænomen i vækst. Den udbydes af mange forskellige typer af udbydere. Denne undersøgelse kategoriserer i et komplet sample af mindfulness-udbydere i Aarhus måden hvorpå disse udbydere kommunikerer deres tilhørsforhold til mindfulness som henholdsvis buddhisme, spiritualitet eller a-religiøs teknik. Dette gøres ved hjælp af kriterier inden for autorisation, tekst- og visuelle referencer. Artiklens undersøgelse viser, at mindfulness udbydes som a-religiøs teknik, men hævder samtidigt med udgangspunkt i Hornborg og Durkheim, at selv denne påståede a-religiøsitet kan kaldes religiøs.

Minimally Invasive Dual Iliac-Screw and Dual-Rod Construct: A Case Report Describing Optimal Subcrestal Iliac-Screw Entry Points in the Surgical Treatment of Metastatic Lumbosacral Fracture

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. E219-E223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Liu ◽  
Muhammed Yaser Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Spinopelvic Fixation ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Osseous Involvement ◽  
Iliac Screw ◽  
Additional Stability ◽  
Visual Reference

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Dual iliac-screw and dual-rod fixation provides additional stability to lumbopelvic constructs and can be employed in management of neoplastic disease with extensive osseous involvement. Optimal iliac-screw positioning is vital to achieve the desired dual iliac-screw and dual-rod linkage. CLINICAL PRESENTATION In this report, we describe our technique with particular focus on subcrestal iliac-screw entry point position using a 4-quadrant teardrop radiological view concept in a case of minimally invasive L3-iliac spinopelvic fixation using dual iliac-screw and dual-rod for a patient with pathological sacral fracture. At the last follow-up 20 mo postsurgery there was minimal axial and radicular pain and no evidence of screw prominence. Radiographs showed no evidence of construct failure. CONCLUSION The 4-quadrant teardrop concept provides a good visual reference for optimal subcrestal screw placement when employing a dual iliac-screw and dual-construct.

scholarly journals Power Boat Operators' Visual Behavior Patterns

1977 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne M. Gatchell
Keyword(s):  
Open Water ◽  
Corneal Reflection ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Water Condition ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
Visual Reference ◽  
Movement System ◽  
The Right ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Power boat operators' visual characteristics were recorded with a corneal reflection eye movement system in order to determine their foveal fixations. Data were collected while three (3) subjects performed three (3) different types of navigation tasks at three (3) velocities in two (2) boating environments. Results indicate that boaters scanned a significantly larger area to the right of the vessel during a limited access water condition than during an open water condition. More fixations to the right of the boat during a limited access water condition may be related to the fact that their cockpit station is on this side of the vessel. A significant velocity-navigation task interaction was observed for the duration parameters. It has been speculated that this effect was due to a speed/accuracy trade-off. During a channel task with increased velocities, the durations increased. McDowell (1975) related similar increases in automobile drivers' durations to processing information more accurately. The decrease in durations, which the boaters exhibited during compass and visual reference tasks, may be related to an increased information processing rate.

Effects of Gaze Direction in Vision and Audition

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 137-137
Author(s):  
W H Ehrenstein ◽  
J Lewald ◽  
L Schlykowa
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Visual Sensitivity ◽  
Gaze Direction ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Visual Shift ◽  
Stimulus Speed ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Visual Reference

We asked to what extent the respective gaze direction influences (i) the spatial congruence of perceived direction of auditory and visual cues, and (ii) the discrimination of the direction of target motion. With fixed head position, subjects directed their gaze in various positions and localised auditory targets (band-pass noise, 2 kHz) presented at one of nine positions (straight ahead, or four symmetric positions to the left or right separated by 2.75 deg, respectively). Forced-choice judgements, whether the sound was perceived to the left or right of a visual reference light, show that the azimuth of the sound was perceived as slightly shifted to the left of a visual reference when the gaze was directed to the left, and vice versa. The maximum of this relative auditory - visual shift was 4.7 deg over a range of 45 deg (left or right) of gaze directions. In (ii), a spot of light started at the centre of a monitor and moved at 2 or 12 deg s−1 leftward or rightward. Subjects reported the direction by pressing a key; their gaze was directed at 0, 8, or 16 deg to the left or right. Mean choice-reaction times increased with increasing gaze eccentricity, but differently depending on stimulus direction and speed: with left fixation they were shorter for leftward than rightward motion; with right fixation they were shorter for rightward motion. This effect was stronger for the slow than for the fast stimulus speed. Thus, facilitation occurs when stimuli move with moderate velocity toward the direction of gaze. While the auditory-visual shift in (i) may reflect an incomplete transformation of spatial (craniocentric and oculocentric) coordinates as suggested by recordings in the primate midbrain, the results in (ii) conform with reports of specialised units in the posterior parietal cortex (areas LIP, 7a, MST) that, in registering oculomotor position, modulate visual sensitivity.

scholarly journals Occupant Monitoring in Automated Vehicles: Classification of Situation Awareness Based on Head Movements While Cornering

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 2078-2082
Author(s):  
Frederik Schewe ◽  
Hao Cheng ◽  
Alexander Hafner ◽  
Monika Sester ◽  
Mark Vollrath
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Head Tilt ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Visual Reference ◽  
The Mean

We tested whether head-movements under automated driving can be used to classify a vehicle occupant as either situation-aware or unaware. While manually cornering, an active driver’s head tilt correlates with the road angle which serves as a visual reference, whereas an inactive passenger’s head follows the g-forces. Transferred to partial/conditional automation, the question arises whether aware occupant’s head-movements are comparable to drivers and if this can be used for classification. In a driving-simulator-study (n=43, within-subject design), four scenarios were used to generate or deteriorate situation awareness (manipulation checked). Recurrent neural networks were trained with the resulting head-movements. Inference statistics were used to extract the discriminating feature, ensuring explainability. A very accurate classification was achieved and the mean side rotation-rate was identified as the most differentiating factor. Aware occupants behave more like drivers. Therefore, head-movements can be used to classify situation awareness in experimental settings but also in real driving.

scholarly journals Visually Induced Motion Sickness on the Horizon

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanja Hemmerich ◽  
Behrang Keshavarz ◽  
Heiko Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Visually Induced Motion Sickness ◽  
Fixation Cross ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Horizon Line ◽  
Induced Motion ◽  
Fixed Reference ◽  
Visual Reference ◽  
Do So

Visually induced motion sickness is an unpleasant but common side-effect of many simulations and VR-applications. We investigated whether an earth-fixed reference frame provided in the simulation is able to reduce motion sickness. To do so, we created a moving starfield that did not contain any indicators of the spatial orientation of the observer. As the observer was simulated to move through the randomly oscillating starfield, a time-to-contact task had to be carried out. Two colored stars on collision course with each other had to be spotted, then they disappeared and the time of their collision had to be judged. Eye-movements, task performance, and motion sickness were recorded. This condition without visual reference to the observer's upright was supplemented with three conditions containing either an earth-fixed fixation cross, an earth-fixed horizon line, or a line that was yoked to the head. Results show that only the earth-fixed horizon was able to significantly reduce visually induced motion sickness. Thus, a mere earth-stationary anchor does not suffice, a clear indication of earth horizontal seems necessary to reap a modest benefit.

Intraoperative Fragmentation and Retention of Endovascular Devices: Clinical Consequences and Preventative Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Kendal M. Endicott ◽  
Charles B. Drucker ◽  
Hakan Orbay ◽  
Joseph J. DuBose ◽  
Khanjan Nagarsheth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Endovascular Procedures ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Visual Reference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Endovascular Devices

Background: Expanded applications and increasing volumes of complex endovascular procedures have increased the risk of unintended intraoperative fragmentation and retention of catheters and sheaths. We describe a series of retained or fragmented endovascular devices, a quality improvement program to address this unmet need for improved detection of catheter fragmentation, and the results of this program. Methods: Cases utilizing endovascular devices that resulted in a retained catheter fragment were identified and analyzed during divisional quality improvement review. One consistent area of concern was operating room (OR) staff unfamiliarity with verifying the integrity of an endovascular device. In response, a slide-based training protocol of focused, endovascular nursing education was implemented. Following perceived lack of improvement after this approach, we developed a handheld visual reference display of the tips of common catheters and sheaths. Staff was surveyed before and after intervention to assess the educational value of the display and the impact on staff device familiarity. Results: All 4 described cases resulted in an unplanned return to the OR for retrieval of the fragmented catheter or sheath. No thromboembolic complications were observed, although associated intra-arterial thrombus was noted in 2 cases. Thirty-four OR nurses were polled to trial the visual reference display initiative, with 70% of those reporting primary surgical assignments outside of cardiovascular ORs. Introduction of the new visual reference display improved staff confidence in their ability to identify a broken device (2.4-3.7, P < .001). This improvement was most significant in OR staff with primary assignments in noncardiovascular services. Conclusion: Current OR standard operating procedures fail to address the potential for unintentionally retained catheters and wires during endovascular procedures. Our novel visual reference display of common endovascular items rather than conventional in-service training improved the ability of staff to identify device fragmentation at the time of the index procedure.

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