Cerebrovascular function response to prolonged sitting combined with a high‐glycemic index meal: A double‐blind, randomized cross‐over trial

Regular exposure to uninterrupted prolonged sitting and the consumption of high glycemic meals (HGI) is independently associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Sitting for as little as 1-hour can impair the health of both peripheral and central arteries. However, it is currently unknown whether combined acute exposure to uninterrupted prolonged sitting and a HGI meal is more detrimental to global (peripheral and central) vascular health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of prolonged sitting (3 hours), following the consumption of a HGI or low glycemic index (LGI) meal, on global pulse wave velocity (G-PWV). METHODS: Eighteen healthy participants (70% female, mean standard deviation [SD] age: 22.6 [3.1] years old, BMI: 25.5 [6.1] kg/m2) sat for 3 hours after consuming a HGI or LGI meal. G-PWV was assessed by incorporating three PWV measures (carotid-femoral, brachial-femoral, femoral-ankle). The effects of time (PRE vs. POST) and condition (LGI vs. HGI) were analyzed using linear mixed models. RESULTS: Following prolonged sitting, G-PWV increased by 0.29 m/s (i.e., PRE vs. POST). However, the condition (P=0.987) and time x condition (P=0.954) effects were non-significant. DISCUSSION: The current findings support previous research showing an increase in arterial stiffness with prolonged sitting. However, in young and healthy adults, the arterial stiffness response was not worsened through HGI consumption.

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THE ACUTE EFFECTS OF PROLONGED SITTING WITH OR WITHOUT A HIGH GLYCEMIC INDEX MEAL ON CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW IN HEALTHY ADULTS

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000678056.23551.47 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (7S) ◽

pp. 389-389

Author(s):

Jade Blackwell ◽

Katie Burnet ◽

Elizabeth Kelsch ◽

Erik Hanson ◽

Simon Fryer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Prolonged Sitting ◽

High Glycemic Index

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Long term high glycemic index starch feeding leads to increased accumulation of visceral fat in adult rats

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/s0168-8227(00)81300-5 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 381 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dorota B Pawlak ◽

Gareth S Denyer ◽

Janet M Bryson ◽

Janette C.Brand Miller

Keyword(s):

Glycemic Index ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Adult Rats ◽

High Glycemic Index

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The Glycemic Index, Postprandial Hypotension and Cardiovascular Disease

10.51626/ijhvs.2021.01.00003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Fluid Secretion ◽

Systemic Circulation ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Postprandial Hypotension ◽

Increased Risk ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

High Glycemic Index ◽

Intestinal Fluid Secretion

High glycemic index diets have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease events and all-cause mortality. We suggest that part of the reason for this association is through the effect of the rapidly digested high glycemic index carbohydrate diets in promoting the effects of postprandial hypotension in vulnerable individuals. Postprandial hypotension has been recognized as a problem especially affecting the frail elderly. The phenomenon occurs earlier in the day and includes syncope and falls acutely and more serious cardiovascular events and increased all-cause mortality in the longer-term. The mechanism appears to relate to the rapid digestion of carbohydrates foods. Strategies that reduce the amount of meal carbohydrates and their rate of absorption by enzyme inhibition or by delaying gastric emptying and have proved helpful as has increased fluid intake, presumably due to dilution of small intestinal contents and a reduction in the tonicity, so reducing the need for intestinal fluid secretion to dilute osmotically active sugars and products of digestion. In this way the need for increased blood flow to the gut can be reduced, that would otherwise steal blood from the systemic circulation resulting in a drop in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate. Slowly absorbed or low glycemic index carbohydrates would therefore appear potentially useful as part of the dietary strategy for the treatment of postprandial hypotension and conversely postprandial hypotension could be one of the reasons why high glycemic index diets have been associated with increased CVD risk.

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Postprandial Glycemic and Insulinemic Effects of the Addition of Aqueous Extracts of Dried Corn Silk, Cumin Seed Powder or Tamarind Pulp, in Two Forms, Consumed with High Glycemic Index Rice

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8100437 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 437

Author(s):

Haldar ◽

Gan ◽

Tay ◽

Ponnalagu ◽

Henry

Keyword(s):

Glycemic Index ◽

Plain Water ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Traditional Foods ◽

Postprandial Glycemia ◽

Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽

Corn Silk ◽

High Glycemic Index ◽

Specific Health

Several plant-based traditional ingredients in Asia are anecdotally used for preventing and/or treating type 2 diabetes. We investigated three such widely consumed ingredients, namely corn silk (CS), cumin (CU), and tamarind (TA). The aim of the study was to determine the effects of aqueous extracts of these ingredients consumed either as a drink (D) with high-glycemic-index rice or added to the same amount of rice during cooking (R) on postprandial glycemia (PPG), insulinemia (PPI), and blood pressure (BP), over a 3 h measurement period. Eighteen healthy Chinese men (aged 37.5 ± 12.5 years, BMI 21.8 ± 1.67 kg/m2) took part in a randomized crossover trial, each completing up to nine sessions. Compared to the control meal (plain rice + plain water), the addition of test extracts in either form did not modulate PPG, PPI, or BP. However, the extracts when added within rice while cooking gave rise to significantly lower PPI than when consumed as a drink (p < 0.01). Therefore, the form of consumption of phytochemical-rich ingredients can differentially modulate glucose homeostasis. This study also highlights the need for undertaking randomized controlled clinical trials with traditional foods/components before claims are made on their specific health effects.

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