Peer victimization through a trauma lens: Identifying who is at risk for negative outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene K. Hong ◽  
Weijun Wang ◽  
Debra J. Pepler ◽  
Wendy M. Craig
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Negative Outcomes

Peer victimization in youth from immigrant and non-immigrant US families

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Sulkowski ◽  
Sheri Bauman ◽  
Savannah Wright ◽  
Charisse Nixon ◽  
Stan Davis
Keyword(s):  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Immigrant Families ◽  
Peer Aggression ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Research Project

The phenomenology of peer victimization in youth from immigrant and non-immigrant US families was investigated in the current study. Specifically, differences in how youth were victimized, their responses to being victimized, and how peer bystanders responded to peer aggression incidents involving youth from these respective groups were investigated. Data were collected from two subsets of youth involved in a national research project. Results indicate that youth from immigrant families are more likely than their non-immigrant peers to report being victimized by physical aggression and to be victimized because of issues related to their race, religion, and family income. In addition, youth from immigrant families were more likely to report that their own responses to peer aggression were less likely to lead to positive outcomes and that peer bystander interventions did not benefit them as much as these interventions benefited their non-immigrant peers. Lastly, a concerning number of youth from immigrant families reported that both their own and bystander responses to peer aggression actually resulted in negative outcomes for them.

scholarly journals Working with Family, Friends, and Allies of LBGT Youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Luke ◽  
Kristopher M. Goodrich
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Lgbt Youth ◽  
Counseling Services ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Counseling Interventions ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Systemic Interventions

As a historically marginalized population, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth are at risk for myriad negative outcomes and as a result, seek counseling services at disproportionate rates. Although the role of family, friends, and allies (FFA) has been supported as a resiliency factor with LGBT youth, minimal attention has been given to the inclusion of FFA in counseling interventions. Building on the developmental, preventative, and wellness foundation, this manuscript utilizes an ecological approach to identify points of entry for systemic interventions with FFA across the micro, meso, exo, and macro levels (Bronfenbrenner, 2005) of LGBT youth experience.

scholarly journals Peer victimization and the association with hippocampal development and working memory in children with and without ADHD 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alissa Papadopoulos ◽  
Diane Seguin ◽  
Susana Correa ◽  
Emma G. Duerden
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Problem Behaviours ◽  
Cornu Ammonis ◽  
Hippocampal Morphology

Abstract Background Children with ADHD are at risk of experiencing peer victimization, which is associated with delayed brain development and cognitive difficulties. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between problem behaviours, peer victimization, hippocampal morphology, and working memory in children with and without ADHD. Methods 218 typically developing participants (50.5% male) and 232 participants diagnosed with ADHD (77.6% male) were recruited. The ADHD group was subdivided into inattentive (ADHD-I) or combined (ADHD-C) type. The Child Behaviour Checklist measured problem behaviours and peer victimization. Hippocampal subfield volumes were obtained using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-fifth edition measured working memory (WM). Results The ADHD-C group displayed significantly higher rates of problem behaviours and peer victimization (all, p < 0.001). Left Cornu Ammonis 3 (CA3) volume was a positive predictor of levels of peer victimization (all, p < 0.013). Left CA3 volume was a positive predictor of WM and left Cornu Ammonis 4 (CA4) volume was a negative predictor (all, p < 0.025). A cluster analysis revealed that children displaying symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity are the most at risk for peer victimization. Conclusions Interventions focusing on minimizing peer victimization may aid in mitigating adverse downstream effects, and aid in promoting brain health and cognitive function.

Empirically Derived Subclasses of Academic Skill Among Children at Risk for Behavior Problems and Association With Distal Academic Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen R. King ◽  
Christine Rivera Gonzales ◽  
Wendy M. Reinke
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Pass Rates ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Academic Skill ◽  
School Students ◽  
Risk Class ◽  
Academic Deficits ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Reading And Math

Students with early indicators of behavior risk have predictable, negative outcomes, and those with co-existing academic problems have significantly more negative outcomes. Identifying academic subclasses of students with behavior risk can inform integrated interventions and school-based problem-solving teams. In addition, identifying academic strengths among a population of children typically only differentiated by severity of maladaptive behaviors may offer insight into academic resiliency. Using a sample of 676 elementary school students identified as behaviorally at risk, latent class analysis of reading and math indicators was conducted. Results indicated a three-class structure was the best fit for these data, with Class 1 (25%) having the least academic risk, Class 2 (37%) as below average reading and math, and Class 3 (38%) with significant academic deficits. Class membership was found to significantly predict end of year statewide assessment performance. While those behaviorally at-risk students with co-occurring academic deficits were very likely to fail the end of year assessments (Class 3; 88%–99% failure rates), those with stronger academic skills (Class 1) were increasingly more likely to pass (47%–56% pass rates). Practical implications, including intervention selection, and future directions are discussed.

3 Ounces Is All You Need

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra M. Suiter ◽  
Steven B. Leder
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Negative Outcomes

AbstractAccurate screening of individuals who are at risk for oropharyngeal dysphagia is critically important because of the negative outcomes associated with the disorder. This article provides a review of a recently published study in which results of the 3-ounce water swallow test were compared with results of instrumental dysphagia testing. Clinical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Peer Victimization, Psychosocial Adjustment, and Physical Activity in Overweight and At-Risk-For-Overweight Youth

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Storch ◽  
V. A. Milsom ◽  
N. DeBraganza ◽  
A. B. Lewin ◽  
G. R. Geffken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment

scholarly journals Peer victimization and the association with hippocampal development and working memory in children with ADHD and typically-developing children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alissa Papadopoulos ◽  
Diane Seguin ◽  
Susana Correa ◽  
Emma G. Duerden
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Problem Behaviours ◽  
Cornu Ammonis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractThe symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention displayed by children with ADHD put them at risk of experiencing peer victimization. Hippocampal maturation, may reduce a child’s vulnerability to the experience of peer victimization, as it has been associated with decreased ADHD symptomatology. Working memory is an important executive function in the formation and maintenance of social relationships, which is often impaired in ADHD. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between problem behaviours, peer victimization, hippocampal morphology, and working memory in children with and without ADHD. 218 typically-developing participants (50.5% male) and 232 participants diagnosed with ADHD (77.6% male) were recruited. The ADHD group was subdivided into inattentive (ADHD-I) or combined (ADHD-C) types. The Child Behavior Checklist measured problem behaviours and peer victimization. Children underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Hippocampal subfield volumes were obtained using FreeSurfer. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-fifth edition measured working memory (WM). The ADHD-C group displayed significantly higher levels of problem behaviours and peer victimization (all, p < 0.001), compared to the other groups. Left Cornu Ammonis 3 (CA3) volume was a positive predictor of peer victimization (all, p < 0.013). Left CA3 volume was a positive predictor of WM and left Cornu Ammonis 4 (CA4) volume negatively predicted WM (all, p < 0.025). A cluster analysis revealed that children displaying symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity are the most at risk for peer victimization. Interventions focusing on minimizing peer victimization may aid in mitigating adverse downstream effects, and assist in promoting brain health and cognitive function.

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