scholarly journals Feature Inheritance, vP Phases and the Information Structure of Small Clauses

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel L. Jiménez-Fernández ◽  
Vassilios Spyropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Feature Inheritance ◽  
Small Clauses

scholarly journals What information structure tells us about individual/stage-level predicates

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Jiménez-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Small Clause ◽  
Individual Stage ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Small Clauses ◽  
The Individual

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 32.85pt; margin-left: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;" lang="EN-GB">The goal of this paper is to explore the lexical-syntactic structure of copulative constructions and argument small clauses within the framework proposed by Gallego &amp; Uriagereka (2011) for the Individual-Level/Stage-Level distinction (Carlson 1988, Kratzer 1995) and implement their theory by claiming that there is a crucial correlation between IL/SL constructions and their information structure. I argue that IL subjects are topics (and hence this is a categorical construction, following Kuroda 1972, Milsark 1977 and Raposo &amp; Uriagereka 1995), whereas in SL constructions the topic may either be the subject or a silent spatiotemporal argument (their construction being thetic). I show the topic nature of IL subjects in contexts of specificity and subextraction. I ultimately derive the IS of IL/SL constructions from their lexical-syntactic structure and identify the type of topic here as an Aboutness-Topic (in the sense of Frascarelli &amp; Hinterh&ouml;lzl 2007, Lambrecht 1994, Erteschik-Shir 1997).</span></p><p class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 32.85pt; margin-left: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;" lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 32.85pt; margin-left: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;" lang="EN-GB"><strong>Keywords:</strong> individual-level/stage-level predicates, copulas, small clause, central-coincidence/terminal coincidence prepositions, topic, specificity, subextraction</span></p>

A Political Economy Model of a Research University

2009 ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
K. Sonin ◽  
I. Khovanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Research University ◽  
Hiring Decisions ◽  
Voting Rules ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Optimal Incentives

Hiring decisions are typically made by committees members of which have different capacity to estimate the quality of candidates. Organizational structure and voting rules in the committees determine the incentives and strategies of applicants; thus, construction of a modern university requires a political structure that provides committee members and applicants with optimal incentives. The existing political-economic model of informative voting typically lacks any degree of variance in the organizational structure, while political-economic models of organization typically assume a parsimonious information structure. In this paper, we propose a simple framework to analyze trade-offs in optimal subdivision of universities into departments and subdepartments, and allocation of political power.

On the Information Structure of the Hungarian Sentence

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Kiefer
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure

Informed consent: Towards improved lay-friendliness of patient information sheets

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Morten Pilegaard ◽  
Hanne Berg Ravn
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Microsoft Word ◽  
Text Production ◽  
Linguistic Intervention ◽  
Set Up

Regional research ethics committee (REC) members have voiced a need for the linguistic improvement of informed consent documents to ensure duly informed consent and to ease committee deliberation. We have little knowledge of what elements of language use hamper comprehension, or of the extent of medical researchers’ appreciation of this problem and their willingness to accept intervention. This qualitative, explorative study proposes an intervention design and tests its feasibility and acceptability. Semi-structured interviews with potential REC applicants informed a linguistic intervention benchmarked against existing guidelines, mandated locally and nationally, and then evaluated quantitatively in a semi-controlled set-up and qualitatively via questionnaires. Potential applicants professed the psychological acceptability of linguistic intervention. The intervention comprised a downloadable Microsoft Word template outlining information structure, a detailed guideline offering advice for each move and self-selected linguistic screening. It was used by 14 applicants and had a measurable effect on REC deliberation time and approval rates. The intervention instruments overall made it easier for applicants to produce informed consent documents meeting prescribed ethical standards concerning lay-friendliness. In conclusion, it was found that linguistic intervention is relevant, feasible and psychologically acceptable to REC applicants; it aids their text production process and seems to enhance the lay-friendliness of these texts.

Finding Missing Objects in Biblical Hebrew (with an Appendix on Missing Subjects)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cook
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Biblical Hebrew ◽  
Syntactic Status ◽  
Object Marking

Missing object complements are significant for the grammar and the lexicon. An explanation is called for of their syntactic status, the basis for their “recovery” or interpretation in discourse, constrictions on what type of objects may be missing, and their information-structure status in the context of object marking more generally. In this essay I present a taxonomy of missing complements in Biblical Hebrew from the perspective of information structure, focusing especially on the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic bases of their interpretation in the discourse. In an appendix I briefly explore the applicability of this taxonomy of missing objects to explain the interpretation of missing subjects in Biblical Hebrew discourse.

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