scholarly journals Communication, Socialization and Citizenship: Theoretical-Conceptual Bases to Understand the Expression of Contemporary Citizen Politics

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Vivian Romeu ◽  
Maylen Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Relational Sociology ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Political Expression ◽  
Citizen Politics

This text reflects theoretically and conceptually on the contemporary political expression of citizenship - which we have also named as emergent, given its recent appearance and its novel forms and contents - from three perspectives of analysis: that of science and political philosophy, from the approach of inclusive citizenship around the binomial citizenship-rights; that of relational sociology that makes it possible to think of citizen's political action practices as practices of individual-individual relationship; and communication as an expression, from which political expression is conceptualized as a communicative phenomenon and its levels of analysis are delineated. The result implies recognizing these practices as a possible revitalization/re-foundation of democracy, under the guarantor of human rights.

Liberdade e Direitos Humanos no Pensamento de Richard Price

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 119-145
Author(s):  
José Gomes André ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Expression ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

This paper is concerned with the political philosophy of Richard Price, analysing the way this author has developed the concept of liberty and the problem of human rights. The theme of liberty will be interpreted in a double perspective: a) in a private dimension, that sets liberty in the inner side of the individual; b) in a public dimension, that places it in the domain of a manifest action of the individual. We will try to show how this double outlook of liberty is conceived under the optics of a necessary complementarity, since liberty, which is primarily understood as a feature of the subject taken as an individual, acquires only a full meaning when she becomes efective in a comunitary field, as a social and political expression. The concept of human rights will appear located in this analysis, being defined simultaneously as condition and expression of the human dignity and happiness, at the same time natural attributes of an individual that should be cultivated and public effectiveness that contributes to the development of society.

Utopophobia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Estlund
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Ideal Theory ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Sound Theory ◽  
Theory Versus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Practical Guidance

Throughout the history of political philosophy and politics, there has been continual debate about the roles of idealism versus realism. For contemporary political philosophy, this debate manifests in notions of ideal theory versus nonideal theory. Nonideal thinkers shift their focus from theorizing about full social justice, asking instead which feasible institutional and political changes would make a society more just. Ideal thinkers, on the other hand, question whether full justice is a standard that any society is likely ever to satisfy. And, if social justice is unrealistic, are attempts to understand it without value or importance, and merely utopian? This book argues against thinking that justice must be realistic, or that understanding justice is only valuable if it can be realized. The book does not offer a particular theory of justice, nor does it assert that justice is indeed unrealizable—only that it could be, and this possibility upsets common ways of proceeding in political thought. The book's author engages critically with important strands in traditional and contemporary political philosophy that assume a sound theory of justice has the overriding, defining task of contributing practical guidance toward greater social justice. Along the way, it counters several tempting perspectives, including the view that inquiry in political philosophy could have significant value only as a guide to practical political action, and that understanding true justice would necessarily have practical value, at least as an ideal arrangement to be approximated. Demonstrating that unrealistic standards of justice can be both sound and valuable to understand, the book stands as a trenchant defense of ideal theory in political philosophy.

Zainichi (Korean Residents in Japan)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoteru Tsutsui
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
International Norms ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
History Of

This chapter examines the complicated history of Zainichi, Korean residents in Japan, who came to Japan during the colonial era. After 1945, Zainichi lost all citizenship rights and had to fight for many rights, but the division in the Korean peninsula cast a shadow over Zainichi communities, hampering effective activism for more rights in Japan. Focusing on the issue of fingerprinting—the most salient example of rights violations against Zainichi—the chapter demonstrates how, since the late 1970s, global human rights principles have enabled Zainichi to recast their movement as claims for universal rights regardless of citizenship and to use international forums to pressure the Japanese government, leading to the abolition of the fingerprinting practice. Zainichi achieved similar successes in other areas of rights except for political rights, where international norms do not clearly support suffrage for noncitizens. Zainichi also contributed to global human rights by advancing rights for noncitizen minorities.

Political Philosophy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Political Philosopher

Although Herder is not usually known as a political philosopher, he in fact developed what is perhaps the most important political philosophy of his age. In domestic politics he was a liberal, a democrat, and an egalitarian; in international politics the champion of a distinctive pluralistic form of cosmopolitanism that sharply rejected imperialism, colonialism, slavery, and all other forms of exploitation of one people by another. Spanning both domains, while he enthusiastically shared the substantive goals of supporters of human rights he also developed a subtle critique of the concept itself, replacing it with his own concept of humanity. His political philosophy is theoretically minimalist and is all the stronger for being so.

scholarly journals Preliminary Phase of the Right of Assessment in Iran and France with Emphasis on One Article to Respect Legal Freedom and Protection of Citizenship Rights

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-350
Author(s):  
Zahra Emadoleslami ◽  
Hadi Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
French Law ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Personal Security ◽  
Iranian Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Preliminary Phase ◽  
Fair Assessment

Abstract The right of citizenship in criminal law is one of the important cases in the field of human rights and has received attention from various human rights documents. In Iran's criminal law in various cases also respect to legal freedom and protection of citizenship rights. Besides trying to give more attention to citizenship rights based on fair assessment. An important question that can be raised in is howthe regulation to respect the legal freedom and protection of citizenship rights in Iranian law proportional to French law in terms of a fair assessment? The findings from this survey show that there is a compilation of regulation respecting legal freedom and protecting citizenship rights. In addition, there is an internalization effort to pay attention the human rights in criminal justice, in the form of action to eliminate the aggression against the rights of citizen and this rule emphasizes cases that consistent with French law. In the rules of respect for legal freedom and protection of citizenship rights, such as the rights of convicted people in France, it has emphasized the existence of freedom, personal security, prohibition of torture, self-respect of the accused by defending their rights and protecting themselves.Keywords: Freedom of law, human rights, citizenship rights, fair assessment, Iranian law, French law AbstrakHak kewarganegaraan dalam hukum pidana adalah salah satu kasus penting di bidang hak asasi manusia dan telah mendapatkan perhatian dari berbagai dokumen hak asasi manusia. Dalam hukum pidana Iran dalam berbagai kasus juga memberikan penghormatan terhadap kebebasan hukum dan perlindungan hak kewarganegaraan. Selain diupayakan untuk memberikan perhatian lebih terhadap hak kewarganegaraan berdasarkan penilaian yang adil. Pertanyaan pentingdalam hal ini adalah seberapa besar aturan penghormatan terhadap kebebasan hukum dan perlindungan hak kewarganegaraan dalam hukum Iran berbanding lurus dengan hukum Prancis dalam sudut pandang penilaian yang adil? Temuan-temuan dari survey ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya kompilasi aturan penghormatan terhadap kebebasan hukum dan perlindungan hak kewarganegaraan. Selain itu, adanya upaya internalisasi untuk memberikan perhatian terhadap hak asasi manusia dalam peradilan pidana, berupa tindakan untuk menghapus tindakan agresi terhadap hak-hak warga negara, dan aturan ini menekankan pada kasus-kasus yang relevan dengan hukum Prancis. Dalam aturan penghormatan terhadap kebebasan hukum dan perlindungan hak-hak kewarganegaraan, seperti hak-hak terpidana di Perancistelah ditekankan pada adanya kebebasan, keamanan pribadi, larangan penyiksaan, penghargaan diri orang yang tertuduh dengan membela hak-hak dan melindungi diri pribadi.Kata kunci: Kebebasan hukum, hak asasi manusia dan hak kewarganegaraan АннотацияПраво на гражданство в уголовном праве является одним из самых важных в области прав человека и привлекает внимание в различных документах по правам человека. В Иране уголовное право в различных случаях также уважает правовую свободу и сохранение гражданских прав и стремится уделять больше внимания гражданским правам на основе справедливого суждения. Важный вопрос, который может быть поднят в этом отношении, заключается в том, насколько правило уважения к правовой свободе и сохранению гражданских прав в иранском законодательстве прямопропорционально французскому законодательству с точки зрения справедливого суждения. Результаты этого исследования показывают, что существует свод правил, которые уважают правовую свободу и сохранение гражданских прав. Кроме того, предпринимаются усилия по интернализации, направленные на то, чтобы уделять внимание правам человека в сфере уголовного правосудия в форме ликвидации действий агрессии против гражданских прав. Данное положение подчеркивает случаи, которые соответствуют французскому законодательству. В правилах уважения правовой свободы и сохранения гражданских прав, таких как права осужденных во Франции, подчеркивается существование свободы, личной безопасности, запрета пыток, самооценки обвиняемого путем защиты их прав и себя. Ключевые слова: правовая свобода, права человека, гражданские права, справедливое суждение, иранское право, французское право

scholarly journals The crisis of modernity as the crisis of the political: Towards a critique of the reason of the ethos

2003 ◽  
pp. 61-85
Author(s):  
Simo Elakovic
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Act ◽  
Crisis Of Modernity ◽  
Political Decision Making

The crisis of modernity as the crisis of the political is seen by the author primarily as a crisis of the "measure" of the criterion of political decision making and action. This crisis is understood in the first place as a crisis of self-awareness and practice of the ethos. Machiavelli was the first to attempt a solution to this problem by introducing the concept of virtus, which became the fundamental principle of modern political philosophy. However, many modern and contemporary interpreters of Machiavelli's thought often ignore the social and political context in which the political doctrine of the Florentine thinker arose. Namely, Machiavelli's effort to find an authentic form of the political act that would make possible a harmonization and stabilization of the dramatic political circumstances then prevailing in Italian cities required a reliable diagnosis and adequate means for a successful therapy of the sick organism of the community. The epochal novelty in Machiavelli's political theory was the shift from the ancient theorization of virtue to its modern operationalization. Nevertheless, this shift is often interpreted as a radical opposing of the Greek concept of arete to the Roman virtus, which is crudely and simplistically reduced to bravery and strength necessary for taking and keeping political power. Hegel in his political philosophy travels an important part of the road - unconsciously rather than consciously - along with Machiavelli and Shelling. This particularly holds for his understanding of the necessity of strength and bravery in the process of operationalizing the spirit of freedom in history through the mediation of "negation" as "the power of evil". The mediation of subjectivity and substantiality, according to Hegel, takes place in the state by the brutal bridling of the world spirit where not just individuals but whole peoples are sacrificed - toward freedom, i.e. its realization in the community of the ethos. The "trouble of the times" is a consequence of the separation between I and the world (Entzeiung) and stems from a reduced political reason which lacks the criterion of the ethical totality for political action and decision making. By the separation of the ethos this reason get routinized and political action is reduced to naked technique of winning and keeping political power. In the concluding segment of the paper the author points to some global consequences of the crisis of political decision making in the historical reality at the end of 20th century.

scholarly journals STATE OF EXCEPTION THROUGH RASISME IN GO SET A WATCHMAN IN AGAMBEN’S POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Damay Rahmawati ◽  
Ramadhani Ardianto Karsa Sunaryono ◽  
Mira Utami
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Black People ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
State Of Exception ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
American Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harper Lee

This study aims to see racism in the novel Go Set a Watchman by Harper Lee as state of exception; a political philosophy of Agamben. Agamben's idea of ​​state of exception is used in this study as the theoretical framework. This research specifically reveals how racism becomes part of state of exception in American society around 1960s when the novel was written. The analysis focuses on issues of racism in American society as depicted in the novel. The issue of racism is taken with the aim of analyzing state of exception in USA, in dealing with racial discrimination. After analyzing the issues of racism and state of exception in the novel, this study reveals that racism in American society is politically structured. The finding of this study is the discrimination experienced by lower class citizens who are dominated by black people, as the impact of state of exception which affects their citizenship rights.

Toward a More Youthful Democracy

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-160
Author(s):  
Richard P. Hiskes
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Group Rights ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Structural Inequality ◽  
Rights Issues

This concluding chapter begins with a discussion of how the global coronavirus pandemic called attention to children’s rights issues, specifically in how children were not allowed to participate in decisions directly affecting their “best interests,” as required by CRC. Granting children human rights will fundamentally alter the nature of both democracy and human rights. Giving children citizenship rights will renew democracy, as past enfranchisements have, but also will push democracies to resemble less Western, liberal models. Group rights will predominate in democracies where children are full citizens. Also, the human rights agendas of child-incorporating democracies will be dominated by social and economic rights issues, since children’s rights of protection and provision will be given priority. Finally, children’s participation rights will emerge as crucial in diminishing structural inequality in democratic societies, providing a pathway to a fuller form of social justice predicated on the human rights of children.

scholarly journals Omar Khadr: A Bleak Mark on Canadian Civil Rights

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Nathan Fung
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Guantanamo Bay ◽  
Canadian Multiculturalism

This essay seeks to answer the question “does Omar Khadr’s story represent a failure of multiculturalism or of justice?” While it might be tempting to label the failure to uphold his charter rights as the exception to the rule and that the judiciary has the tools they need to protect the rights of Canadians, this paper argues that is far from the case. Khadr’s treatment is indicative of a prevalent flaw in Canadian multiculturalism, and in the idea of human rights as a whole, which is its reliance on the state to uphold them. Even though the judiciary determined that Khadr’s rights were violated, it was negligence by the state that lead to his prolonged imprisonment in Guantanamo Bay. Ultimately, the state failed to protect Khadr’s rights because he was not seen as a citizen, despite being born and raised in Toronto. This paper draws on Hannah Arendt’s arguments about the inadequacy of citizenship rights, and examines the case of Maher Arar, whose rights have been similarly neglected.

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