Research of Growth Dynamics of Selected Deciduous Trees for the Needs of Landscape Architecture

Suppressed trees growing under the canopy of mature forests exceed the number of tall, dominant individuals by far. This paper focuses on the wood structure of suppressed trees modified by light shortage. Secondly, the growth dynamics of suppressed deciduous trees within two sites was reconstructed by internal (tree rings) and external (bud scale scars) age determination. The social status of each specimen within the natural regeneration changes with time. Suppressed plants could once have held higher-ranking positions and individuals suffering from periods of suppression are able to recover after light conditions improve. This is an important process for the long-term survival strategy of shade tolerant tree species. Wood anatomy modified by suppression provides additional information on tree growth through the following properties: low percentage of pores in earlywood, changed distribution of pores, indistinct or absent growth ring boundaries, discontinuous growth rings. The low percentage of pores in earlywood may be a means of identifying light shortage in deciduous trees.

Download Full-text

Root Growth Dynamics and Structure in Seedlings of Four Shade Tolerant Mediterranean Species Grown under Moderate and Low Light

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12111540 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 1540

Author(s):

José L. García-Pérez ◽

Juan A. Oliet ◽

Pedro Villar-Salvador ◽

Jorge Eduardo Guzmán

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Specific Leaf Area ◽

Growth Dynamics ◽

Light Level ◽

Rooting Depth ◽

Deciduous Trees ◽

Planted Forests ◽

Sorbus Torminalis ◽

Growth Differences

Specific functional traits such as shade tolerance or leaf habits can enhance root growth dynamics and structure of planted seedlings in the understory of planted forests. We assessed how low and moderate light levels (17 and 33% of full sunlight, mimicking after-thinning stocking) affect the root growth dynamics and structure of four late successional trees, three deciduous (Acer monspessulanum L., Quercus pyrenaica Willd and Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz) and one evergreen (Quercus ilex L.) species. Rooting depth, dynamics and structure were mainly explained by species functional differences. Roots of deciduous trees elongated faster and deeper and were larger than the roots of the evergreen Q. ilex. Among deciduous trees, S. torminalis had the lowest root growth. Specific leaf area and nutrient concentration were positively related to root growth, highlighting the importance of traits related to the plant economic spectrum, as determinants of species root growth differences. Moderate light level slightly enhanced root growth and decreased the specific leaf area (SLA). Species differences in water potential under drought were positively related to rooting depth, evidencing the importance of its role in overcoming drought stress during seedling establishment. These findings can guide the selection of late successional, shade tolerant tree species for underplanting thinned Mediterranean plantations and provide insights into their ecology.

Download Full-text

Litterfall and growth dynamics relationship with the meteorological variability in three forests in the Montseny natural park

Folia Forestalia Polonica ◽

10.1515/ffp-2015-0015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 145-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jordi Bou ◽

Antònia Caritat ◽

Lluís Vilar

Keyword(s):

Quercus Ilex ◽

Meteorological Parameters ◽

Growth Dynamics ◽

Basal Area ◽

Quercus Petraea ◽

Deciduous Trees ◽

Evergreen Species ◽

Monthly Data ◽

Natural Park ◽

Band Dendrometers

AbstractWe assessed the influence of some environmental conditions (temperature and rainfall) on the litterfall and BAI (basal area increment), in three close forests in the Montseny massif (NE part of the Iberian peninsula, Spain). Two of them are composed of deciduous speciesFagus sylvaticaandQuercus petraea, and the other one is a Mediterranean evergreen species,Quercus ilex. We have collected monthly data about litterfall and radial growth since 2007. For each forest there are tree plots, with litterfall traps and band dendrometers. This data has been related with the meteorological parameters of meteorological station closed to the study area. Our results show thatF. sylvaticarecorded the biggest drop in annual litterfall (6 Mg·ha−1·year−1), followed byQ. ilex(4.34 Mg·ha−1·year−1) andQuercus petraea(4.4 Mg·ha−1·year−1) and that all the values were similar to those observed in other forests and mountains with the same state of maturity. Regarding the litterfall, the investigation found a decline in the leaves fall in deciduous trees in years with hot summers. In addition, these warm summers produce a decline in theF. sylvaticaBAI, but not inQ. petraea. Concerning growth, we found thatQ. petraeaincreases the BAI on the study period whileF. sylvaticadoes not. In conclusion, we believe that in the futureQ. petraeawill be more tolerant to the warm conditions thanF. sylvatica, making the former a possible replacement of the second species.

Download Full-text

Cristal-growth dynamics of n-doped gaAs

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100132352 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1544-1545

Author(s):

Pham V. Huong ◽

Stéphanie Bouchet ◽

Jean-Claude Launay

Keyword(s):

Crystal Growth ◽

Spatial Resolution ◽

Epitaxial Layer ◽

Outer Surface ◽

Gaas Substrate ◽

Structural Modification ◽

Growth Dynamics ◽

Argon Laser ◽

High Anisotropy ◽

Crystal Gaas

Microstructure of epitaxial layers of doped GaAs and its crystal growth dynamics on single crystal GaAs substrate were studied by Raman microspectroscopy with a Dilor OMARS instrument equipped with a 1024 photodiode multichannel detector and a ion-argon laser Spectra-Physics emitting at 514.5 nm.The spatial resolution of this technique, less than 1 μm2, allows the recording of Raman spectra at several spots in function of thickness, from the substrate to the outer deposit, including areas around the interface (Fig.l).The high anisotropy of the LO and TO Raman bands is indicative of the orientation of the epitaxial layer as well as of the structural modification in the deposit and in the substrate at the interface.With Sn doped, the epitaxial layer also presents plasmon in Raman scattering. This fact is already very well known, but we additionally observed that its frequency increases with the thickness of the deposit. For a sample with electron density 1020 cm-3, the plasmon L+ appears at 930 and 790 cm-1 near the outer surface.

Download Full-text