scholarly journals The variability of selected properties of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.).

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Vladimír Gryc ◽  
Hanuš Vavrčík ◽  
Štěpán Gomola
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
Average Wood

Variability of ring width, wood density and swelling in beech from two different areas was analysed. The variability of each property was described along the stem radius. The analysis proved that the ring width decreased in direction from the pith to the outer part of the stem (cambium). Statistically significant difference of mean ring width between locality 1 and 2 was not found. Density and volumetric swelling of wood were statistically significantly different between localities. Results showed that the density and volumetric swelling decreased from pith to cambium. Statistically significant dependency between density and volumetric swelling of wood was proved. The average wood density of beech was 752 kg·m–3 at 12% moisture content.

Wood density of western hemlock: effect of ring width

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 638-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. DeBell ◽  
John C. Tappeiner II ◽  
Robert L. Krahmer
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Latewood Density ◽  
Earlywood Width ◽  
Average Wood

Wood density of western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) was determined by X-ray densitometry of strips from breast-height samples consisting of rings 20–24 from the pith. Ring parameters were averaged over the 5 years for each strip. Wood density was negatively correlated with radial growth rate. Average wood density dropped from 0.47 to 0.37 g/cm3 as average ring width increased from 2 to 8 mm. Wood density decreased at higher growth rates primarily because earlywood width increased while latewood width remained the same; as a result, percentage of latewood decreased. Earlywood density decreased slightly at higher growth rates, but latewood density was not significantly related to growth rate.

scholarly journals The Impact of Adverse Weather and Climate on the Width of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Tree Rings in Southeastern Europe

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Stjepanović ◽  
Bratislav Matović ◽  
Dejan Stojanović ◽  
Branislava Lalić ◽  
Tom Levanič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
The Impact

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is the most important deciduous tree species in Europe. According to different climate scenarios, there is a relatively high probability of a massive decline in and loss of beech forests in southern Europe and in the southern part of central Europe. Thus, the authors of this study explored the dynamics of tree diameter increments and the influence of extremely dry years on the width of tree rings. This study used dendroecological methods to analyze the growth and diameter increments of European beech trees at locations in Serbia and the Republic of Srpska. The sampling was conducted along the vertical distribution of beech forests, at five sites at the lower limit of the distribution, at five optimal sites of the distribution, and at five sites at the upper limit of the distribution. Long-term analyses indicate that dry conditions during a growing season can reduce tree-ring width, but a reduction in tree growth can be expected as a result of more than one season of unfavorable conditions. Low temperatures in autumn and winter and prolonged winters can strongly affect upcoming vegetation and reduce tree development even under normal thermal conditions during a growing season.

scholarly journals Selected properties of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 418-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gryc ◽  
H. Vavrčík ◽  
Š. Gomola
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Beech Wood ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Vegetation Zone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
Outer Perimeter

The paper deals with the variability of tree-ring width, with the density and swelling (volumetric swelling and swelling in individual anatomical directions) of wood from two different locations. Further, the variability of the explored properties along the stem radius is researched. The ring analyses show that the ring width decreases along the stem radius from the pith to the stem outer perimeter. Location 2 (a lower altitudinal vegetation zone) had on average wider rings (a statistically insignificant difference), higher density and higher volumetric swelling of wood in comparison with location 1 (a statistically significant difference). The relation between volumetric swelling and wood density has been confirmed. The results show that the wood density and its volumetric swelling change along the stem radius. With the increasing wood density the volumetric swelling also increases. The average density of beech wood from both locations is 752 kg/m<sup>3</sup> with moisture content of 12%.

Drying of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) timber in oscillation climates: drying time and quality

Holzforschung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Milić ◽  
Branko Kolin ◽  
Aleksandar Lovrić ◽  
Nebojša Todorović ◽  
Ranko Popadić
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Equilibrium Moisture Content ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Temperature Oscillations ◽  
Conventional Drying ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
Drying Quality ◽  
Gap Values

Abstract The influence of oscillating climate conditions during the conventional drying of beech timber on drying time and drying quality has been analyzed. Three conventional drying cycles were carried out as well as nine cycles, in which the oscillations of equilibrium moisture content (EMC), temperature, and their combination were applied. The combinations of two amplitudes (10% or 20%) and two frequencies (3 or 6 h) were used in different test runs. Higher drying quality regarding casehardening was achieved both in runs with oscillations of EMC (gap values 2.2–2.4 mm) and in runs with temperature oscillations (gap values 2.3–2.4 mm) compared with conventional runs (gap values 2.5–2.9 mm). The oscillations of both temperature and EMC did not improve any of the observed parameters.

Effects of release from suppression on wood functional characteristics in young Douglas-fir and western hemlock

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 2038-2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi J Renninger ◽  
Barbara L Gartner ◽  
Frederick C Meinzer
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Growth Ring Width

Little is known of wood properties in trees that were initially suppressed and subsequently released from suppression. The purpose of this study was to assess differences in growth ring width, specific conductivity (Ks), tracheid dimensions, moisture content, and wood density in suppressed Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) trees and trees released from suppression averaging 12–18 years of age. Growth ring width was 370% higher for Douglas-fir and 300% higher for western hemlock trees released from suppression, and Ks was 182% higher for Douglas-fir and 42% higher for western hemlock trees released from suppression. Earlywood width was approximately four times greater after release in both species, whereas the relative increase in latewood width was much greater in Douglas-fir. Tracheids were 25% wider and 11% longer in released Douglas-fir trees. In western hemlock, released trees had 19% wider tracheids that were approximately the same length as those in suppressed trees. Moisture content was 66% greater in released Douglas-fir and 41% greater in released western hemlock. Wood density decreased by 21% in Douglas-fir trees and by 11% in western hemlock trees released from suppression. However, wood density of released trees did not differ from average reported values, implying that wood from released trees may be suitable for many of its traditional applications.

Modelling wood density in European oak (Quercuspetraea and Quercusrobur) and simulating the silvicultural influence

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2587-2593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Yin Zhang ◽  
Ruben Eyono Owoundi ◽  
Gérard Nepveu ◽  
Frédéric Mothe ◽  
Jean-François Dhôte
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Cambial Age ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Average Wood ◽  
European Oak

Wood density in relation to cambial age and ring width was studied in 23 trees of European oak (Quercuspetraea (Matt) Liebl. and Quercusrobur L.) from northeast France, and based on these relationships, a model predicting intratree wood density through cambial age and ring width was developed. Wood density is closely correlated with both cambial age and ring width, but its relationships with cambial age and ring width, to some extent, vary from tree to tree. The variation, however, does not show an appreciable pattern with tree height. The model developed is able to predict satisfactorily the average wood density of growth rings in European oak, and to explain the main part of the variation in wood density of individual trees. Furthermore, the model appears also possible to predict the average density of a given small piece of wood from any part of the merchantable bole of the trees. A general model, however, accounts for a relatively low percentage of the variation because there is large intertree variability of wood density in the species. The simulation results reveal that the dynamic silviculture applied to European oak might result in the production of denser and more uniform (in the sense of the radial variation of wood density) wood, compared with classical silviculture.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document