scholarly journals Left ventricular atrioventricular plane displacement is preserved with lifelong endurance training and is the main determinant of maximal cardiac output

2015 ◽  
Vol 593 (23) ◽  
pp. 5157-5166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Steding-Ehrenborg ◽  
Robert C. Boushel ◽  
José A. Calbet ◽  
Per Åkeson ◽  
Stefan P. Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Maximal Cardiac Output ◽  
Atrioventricular Plane Displacement ◽  
Plane Displacement

Central and peripheral adaptations of the gas transport system to one-leg training

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 1146-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Thomas ◽  
D. A. Cunningham ◽  
M. J. Plyley ◽  
D. R. Boughner ◽  
R. A. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Ergometer Exercise

The role of central and peripheral adaptations in the response to endurance training was examined. Changes in cardiac structure and function, oxygen extraction, and muscle enzyme activities following one-leg training were studied.Eleven subjects (eight females, three males) trained on a cycle ergometer 4 weeks with one leg (leg 1), then 4 weeks with the second leg (leg 2). Cardiovascular responses to exercise with both legs and each leg separately were evaluated at entry (T1), after 4 weeks of training (T2), and after a second 4 weeks of training (T3). Peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text] peak) during exercise with leg 1 (T1 to T2 increased 19.8% (P < 0.05) and during exercise with leg 2 (T2 to T3 increased 16.9% (P < 0.05). Maximal oxygen uptake with both legs increased 7.9% from T1 to T2 and 9.4% from T2 to T3 (P < 0.05). During exercise at 60% of [Formula: see text] peak, cardiac output [Formula: see text] was increased significantly only when the trained leg was exercised. [Formula: see text] increased 12.2% for leg 1 between T1 and T2 and 13.0% for leg 2 between T2 and T3 (P < 0.05). M-mode echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular internal diameter at diastole and peak velocity of circumferential fibre shortening at rest or during supine cycle ergometer exercise at T1 and T3 revealed no training induced changes in cardiac dimensions or function. Enzyme analysis of muscle biopsy samples from the vastus lateralis (At T1, T2, T3) revealed no consistent pattern of change in aerobic (malate dehydrogenase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase) or anaerobic (phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydroginase, and creatine kinase) enzyme activities. Increases in cardiac output and maximal oxygen uptake which result from short duration endurance training can be achieved, therefore, without measurable central cardiac adaptation. The absence of echocardio-graphically determined changes in cardiac dimensions and contractility and the absence of an increase in cardiac output during exercise with the nontrained leg following training of the contralateral limb support this conclusion.

The Contribution of the Left Atrioventricular Plane Displacement During Low Dose Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography in Predicting Recovery of Left Ventricular Dyssynergies

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
ATHANASIOS KRANIDIS ◽  
TANIA BOUKI ◽  
KONSTANTINOS KOSTOPOULOS ◽  
KOSTAS KAPPOS ◽  
ANTHONY SIDERIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Dobutamine Stress ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Atrioventricular Plane Displacement ◽  
Plane Displacement

Atrioventricular plane displacement is the major contributor to left ventricular pumping in healthy adults, athletes, and patients with dilated cardiomyopathy

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (3) ◽  
pp. H1452-H1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Carlsson ◽  
Martin Ugander ◽  
Henrik Mosén ◽  
Torsten Buhre ◽  
Hakan Arheden
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Radial Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Atrioventricular Plane Displacement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plane Displacement

Previous studies using echocardiography in healthy subjects have reported conflicting data regarding the percentage of the stroke volume (SV) of the left ventricle (LV) resulting from longitudinal and radial function, respectively. Therefore, the aim was to quantify the percentage of SV explained by longitudinal atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) in controls, athletes, and patients with decreased LV function due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Twelve healthy subjects, 12 elite triathletes, and 12 patients with DCM and ejection fraction below 30% were examined by cine magnetic resonance imaging. AVPD and SV were measured in long- and short-axis images, respectively. The percentage of the SV explained by longitudinal function (SVAVPD%) was calculated as the mean epicardial area of the largest short-axis slices in end diastole multiplied by the AVPD and divided by the SV. SV was higher in athletes [140 ± 4 ml (mean ± SE), P = 0.009] and lower in patients (72 ± 7 ml, P < 0.001) when compared with controls (116 ± 6 ml). AVPD was similar in athletes (17 ± 1 mm, P = 0.45) and lower in patients (7 ± 1 mm, P < 0.001) when compared with controls (16 ± 0 mm). SVAVPD%was similar both in athletes (57 ± 2%, P = 0.51) and in patients (67 ± 4%, P = 0.24) when compared with controls (60 ± 2%). In conclusion, longitudinal AVPD is the primary contributor to LV pumping and accounts for ∼60% of the SV. Although AVPD is less than half in patients with DCM when compared with controls and athletes, the contribution of AVPD to LV function is maintained, which can be explained by the larger short-axis area in DCM.

Phlebotomy eliminates the maximal cardiac output response to six weeks of exercise training

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (10) ◽  
pp. R752-R760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Bonne ◽  
Gregory Doucende ◽  
Daniela Flück ◽  
Robert A. Jacobs ◽  
Nikolai B. Nordsborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
Maximal Cardiac Output

With this study we tested the hypothesis that 6 wk of endurance training increases maximal cardiac output (Q̇max) relatively more by elevating blood volume (BV) than by inducing structural and functional changes within the heart. Nine healthy but untrained volunteers (V̇o2max 47 ± 5 ml·min−1·kg−1) underwent supervised training (60 min; 4 times weekly at 65% V̇o2max for 6 wk), and Q̇max was determined by inert gas rebreathing during cycle ergometer exercise before and after the training period. After the training period, blood volume (determined in duplicates by CO rebreathing) was reestablished to pretraining values by phlebotomy and Q̇max was quantified again. Resting echography revealed no structural heart adaptations as a consequence of the training intervention. After the training period, plasma volume (PV), red blood cell volume (RBCV), and BV increased ( P < 0.05) by 147 ± 168 (5 ± 5%), 235 ± 64 (10 ± 3%), and 382 ± 204 ml (7 ± 4%), respectively. V̇o2max was augmented ( P < 0.05) by 10 ± 7% after the training period and decreased ( P < 0.05) by 8 ± 7% with phlebotomy. Concomitantly, Q̇max was increased ( P < 0.05) from 18.9 ± 2.1 to 20.4 ± 2.3 l/min (9 ± 6%) as a consequence of the training intervention, and after normalization of BV by phlebotomy Q̇max returned to pretraining values (18.1 ± 2.5 l/min; 12 ± 5% reversal). Thus the exercise training-induced increase in BV is the main mechanism increasing Q̇max after 6 wk of endurance training in previously untrained subjects.

scholarly journals Early impairment of left ventricular long-axis systolic function demonstrated by reduced atrioventricular plane displacement in patients with Marfan syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kiotsekoglou ◽  
A. Bajpai ◽  
B. H. Bijnens ◽  
V. Kapetanakis ◽  
G. Athanassopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Atrioventricular Plane Displacement ◽  
Plane Displacement

Effect of small vs large muscle mass endurance training on maximal oxygen uptake in organ transplanted recipients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Alessio del Torto ◽  
Carlo Capelli ◽  
Roberto Peressutti ◽  
Adriana di Silvestre ◽  
Ugolino Livi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Maximal Cardiac Output ◽  
Leg Cycling ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Large Muscle

Maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) is impaired in heart (HTx), kidney (KTx), and liver (LTx) transplanted recipients and the contribution of the cardiovascular, central, and peripheral (muscular) factors in affecting V̇O2max improvement after endurance training (ET) has never been quantified in these patients. ET protocols involving single leg cycling (SL) elicit larger improvements of the peripheral factors affecting O2 diffusion and utilization than the double leg (DL) cycling ET. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of SL-ET vs DL-ET on V̇O2max. We determined the DL-V̇O2max and maximal cardiac output before and after 24 SL-ET vs DL-ET sessions on 33 patients (HTx = 13, KTx = 11 and LTx = 9). The DL-V̇O2max increased by 13.8% ± 8.7 (p < 0.001) following the SL-ET, due to a larger maximal O2 systemic extraction; meanwhile, V̇O2max in DL-ET increased by 18.6% ± 12.7 (p < 0.001) because of concomitant central and peripheral adaptations. We speculate that in transplanted recipients, SL-ET is as effective as DL-ET to improve V̇O2max and that the impaired peripheral O2 extraction and/or utilization play an important role in limiting V̇O2max in these types of patients. Novelty: SL-ET increases V̇O2max in transplanted recipients because of improved peripheral O2 extraction and/or utilization. SL-ET is as successful as DL-ET to improve the cardiorespiratory fitness in transplanted recipients. The model of V̇O2max limitation indicates the peripheral factors as a remarkable limitation to the V̇O2max in these patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document