Changes in satellite cells in human skeletal muscle after a single bout of high intensity exercise

AbstractInterleukin (IL)-15 stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, fat oxidation, glucose uptake and myogenesis in skeletal muscle. However, the mechanisms by which exercise triggers IL-15 expression remain to be elucidated in humans. This study aimed at determining whether high-intensity exercise and exercise-induced RONS stimulate IL-15/IL-15Rα expression and its signaling pathway (STAT3) in human skeletal muscle. Nine volunteers performed a 30-s Wingate test in normoxia and hypoxia (PIO2=75 mmHg), 2 h after placebo or antioxidant administration (α-lipoic acid, vitamin C and E) in a randomized double-blind design. Blood samples and muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained before, immediately after, and 30 and 120 min post-exercise. Sprint exercise upregulated skeletal muscle IL-15 protein expression (ANOVA, P=0.05), an effect accentuated by antioxidant administration in hypoxia (ANOVA, P=0.022). In antioxidant conditions, the increased IL-15 expression at 120 min post-exercise (33%; P=0.017) was associated with the oxygen deficit caused by the sprint (r=–0.54; P=0.020); while, IL-15 and Tyr705-STAT3 AUCs were also related (r=0.50; P=0.036). Antioxidant administration promotes IL-15 protein expression in human skeletal muscle after sprint exercise, particularly in severe acute hypoxia. Therefore, during intense muscle contraction, a reduced PO2 and glycolytic rate, and possibly, an attenuated RONS generation may facilitate IL-15 production, accompanied by STAT3 activation, in a process that does not require AMPK phosphorylation.

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Effect of short-term, high-intensity exercise training on human skeletal muscle citrate synthase maximal activity: single versus multiple bouts per session

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2019-0403 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (12) ◽

pp. 1391-1394

Author(s):

Martin J. MacInnis ◽

Lauren E. Skelly ◽

F. Elizabeth Godkin ◽

Brian J. Martin ◽

Thomas R. Tripp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Exercise Training ◽

High Intensity ◽

Human Skeletal Muscle ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Maximal Activity ◽

High Intensity Exercise ◽

Short Term ◽

Significant Difference

The legs of 9 men (age 21 ± 2 years, 45 ± 4 mL/(kg·min)) were randomly assigned to complete 6 sessions of high-intensity exercise training, involving either one or four 5-min bouts of counterweighted, single-leg cycling. Needle biopsies from vastus lateralis revealed that citrate synthase maximal activity increased after training in the 4-bout group (p = 0.035) but not the 1-bout group (p = 0.10), with a significant difference between groups post-training (13%, p = 0.021). Novelty Short-term training using brief intense exercise requires multiple bouts per session to increase mitochondrial content in human skeletal muscle.

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High‐intensity exercise training enhances mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation efficiency in a temperature‐dependent manner in human skeletal muscle: implications for exercise performance

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fj.201900106rrr ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 8976-8989 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Matteo Fiorenza ◽

Anders K. Lemminger ◽

Mathias Marker ◽

Kasper Eibye ◽

F. Marcello Iaia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

High Intensity ◽

Human Skeletal Muscle ◽

High Intensity Exercise ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽

Temperature Dependent

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Decision letter for "A single bout of high-intensity exercise modulates the expression of vitamin D receptor and vitamin D-metabolising enzymes in horse skeletal muscle"

10.1111/evj.13346/v2/decision1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Receptor ◽

High Intensity ◽

High Intensity Exercise ◽

Single Bout

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Review for "A single bout of high-intensity exercise modulates the expression of vitamin D receptor and vitamin D-metabolising enzymes in horse skeletal muscle"

10.1111/evj.13346/v1/review2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chris van de Lest

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Receptor ◽

High Intensity ◽

High Intensity Exercise ◽

Single Bout

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Adrenergic regulation of HSL serine phosphorylation and activity in human skeletal muscle during the onset of exercise

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00130.2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 291 (4) ◽

pp. R1094-R1099 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jason L. Talanian ◽

Rebecca J. Tunstall ◽

Matthew J. Watt ◽

Mylinh Duong ◽

Christopher G. R. Perry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Cyclic Amp ◽

High Intensity ◽

Human Skeletal Muscle ◽

High Intensity Exercise ◽

Serine Phosphorylation ◽

Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽

Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽

Adrenergic Stimulation ◽

Arterial Blood

Skeletal muscle hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) activity is increased by contractions and increases in blood epinephrine (EPI) concentrations and cyclic AMP activation of the adrenergic pathway during prolonged exercise. To determine the importance of hormonal stimulation of HSL activity during the onset of moderate- and high-intensity exercise, nine men [age 24.3 ± 1.2 yr, 80.8 ± 5.0 kg, peak oxygen consumption (V̇o2 peak) 43.9 ± 3.6 ml·kg−1·min−1] cycled for 1 min at ∼65% V̇o2 peak, rested for 60 min, and cycled at ∼90% V̇o2 peak for 1 min. Skeletal muscle biopsies were taken pre- and postexercise, and arterial blood was sampled throughout exercise. Arterial EPI increased ( P < 0.05) postexercise at 65% (0.45 ± 0.10 to 0.78 ± 0.27 nM) and 90% V̇o2 peak (0.57 ± 0.34 to 1.09 ± 0.50 nM). HSL activity increased ( P < 0.05) following 1 min of exercise at 65% V̇o2 peak [1.05 ± 0.39 to 1.78 ± 0.54 mmol·min−1·kg dry muscle (dm)−1] and 90% V̇o2 peak (1.07 ± 0.24 to 1.91 ± 0.62 mmol·min−1·kg dm−1). Cyclic AMP content also increased ( P < 0.05) at both exercise intensities (65%: 1.52 ± 0.67 to 2.75 ± 1.12, 90%: 1.85 ± 0.65 to 2.64 ± 0.93 μmol/kg dm). HSL Ser660 phosphorylation (∼55% increase) and ERK1/2 phosphorylation (∼33% increase) were augmented following exercise at both intensities, whereas HSL Ser563 and Ser565 phosphorylation were not different from rest. The results indicate that increases in arterial EPI concentration during the onset of moderate- and high-intensity exercise increase cyclic AMP content, which results in the phosphorylation of HSL Ser660. This adrenergic stimulation contributes to the increase in HSL activity that occurs in human skeletal muscle in the first minute of exercise at 65% and 90% V̇o2 peak.

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