Research on Prediction of NOX Emission Performance of Marine Gas Turbine Under Variable Operating Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Zhitao Wang ◽  
Tielei Li ◽  
Shuying Li
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Variable Operating Conditions

Uncertainty Quantification of NOx Emission Due to Operating Conditions and Chemical Kinetic Parameters in a Premixed Burner

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Yousefian ◽  
Gilles Bourque ◽  
Rory F. D. Monaghan
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Uncertainty Quantification ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Chemical Kinetic ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion

Many sources of uncertainty exist when emissions are modeled for a gas turbine combustion system. They originate from uncertain inputs, boundary conditions, calibration, or lack of sufficient fidelity in a model. In this paper, a nonintrusive polynomial chaos expansion (NIPCE) method is coupled with a chemical reactor network (CRN) model using Python to quantify uncertainties of NOx emission in a premixed burner. The first objective of uncertainty quantification (UQ) in this study is development of a global sensitivity analysis method based on the NIPCE method to capture aleatory uncertainty on NOx emission due to variation of operating conditions. The second objective is uncertainty analysis (UA) of NOx emission due to uncertain Arrhenius parameters in a chemical kinetic mechanism to study epistemic uncertainty in emission modeling. A two-reactor CRN consisting of a perfectly stirred reactor (PSR) and a plug flow reactor (PFR) is constructed in this study using Cantera to model NOx emission in a benchmark premixed burner under gas turbine operating conditions. The results of uncertainty and sensitivity analysis (SA) using NIPCE based on point collocation method (PCM) are then compared with the results of advanced Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). A set of surrogate models is also developed based on the NIPCE approach and compared with the forward model in Cantera to predict NOx emissions. The results show the capability of NIPCE approach for UQ using a limited number of evaluations to develop a UQ-enabled emission prediction tool for gas turbine combustion systems.

Emission Performance of a Micro Gas Turbine LPP-Combustor With Fuel Film Evaporation

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Liedtke ◽  
A. Schulz ◽  
S. Wittig
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Fuel Film ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Flame Tube ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
The Impact

The present paper describes the emission performance of a newly designed liquid fuelled micro gas turbine combustor. In order to reduce pollutant emissions, in particular nitrogen oxides NOx, lean premixed pre-vaporized combustion is utilized. Both, combustor inlet pressure and temperature are very low due to the thermodynamic cycle conditions chosen. As a consequence, the heat available for fuel spray evaporation is not sufficient. The present combustor concept therefore uses fuel film evaporation on the hot inner surface of a premix tube. The heat for evaporating the liquid fuel film is provided by the outer counter flow of hot exhaust gases. To establish almost adiabatic conditions within the reaction zone the flame tube features a multi-layered design, consisting of ceramic rings forming the inner wall, an insulation compliant layer, and the outer metal casing. To demonstrate the potential for reducing pollutant emissions overall NOx and CO concentrations of the exhaust gases have been measured and analyzed. The impact of combustor loading parameter, equivalence ratio, staging of the combustion, and ratio between calculated reaction times and mean residence times on the formation of pollutant emissions is investigated in detail. Furthermore, the impact of the flame tube volume on pollutant emissions and combustion stability is considered at various operating conditions. Measured pollutant emissions indicate the great potential for pollutant reduction that is associated with the specific geometry of the combustor.

Experimental Characterization of a Hydrogen Fuelled Combustor With Reduced NOx Emissions for a 10 MW Class Gas Turbine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Cocchi ◽  
Michele Provenzale ◽  
Valerio Cinti ◽  
Luciano Carrai ◽  
Stefano Sigali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Methane Combustion ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Combustion Mode ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
North East

In the frame of a research project launched in 2006 (partly funded by Regione Veneto, a local institution in the North-East of Italy), ENEL and Nuovo Pignone are developing an innovative “zero emission” gas turbine cycle suitable for power generation. The gas turbine, a GE10-1 model, is manufactured by Nuovo Pignone and will be installed at ENEL’s coal-fired Fusina power plant, near Venice. The turbine, rated for 11 MWe, is equipped with a diffusive flame combustor and is suitable for operation with 100% hydrogen as main fuel over the entire load range. Hydrogen is available at Fusina site as by-product of petrochemical plants. Natural gas will be used as start-up and back-up fuel, and NOx emission abatement will be achieved by means of steam injection. Load operation will be possible with hydrogen only, with methane or hydrogen-methane mixtures (in case of reduced availability of hydrogen) and with or without steam injection. In order to support the combustion system’s design, experimental activities have been carried over a prototypical combustor, installed on a combustion test rig at ENEL’s experimental facility, located in Sesta (Tuscany). The test rig has been upgraded in order to permit full-scale combustor operation. Tests have been planned with the aim of providing a complete screening of combustion system’s sensitivity to minor hardware modification (three different burners and two different liners, designed for diffusive combustion, have been available) and operating conditions (sensitivity to cycle parameters and effect of steam injection). Special instrumentations have been installed for a detailed monitoring of hot parts’ metal temperature, combustion-driven pressure oscillations and pollutant emissions. A water-cooled camera has been installed for direct flame visualization. The experimental campaign is still on-going and only the default combustor configuration has been tested so far. However, collected results indicate safe combustor operation in both hydrogen and methane combustion mode: metal temperatures have never exceeded warning limits and pressure pulsation have been extremely quiet. NOx emission during hydrogen operation in dry combustion mode have been proven to be roughly 3 times higher than in dry methane combustion mode. Steam injection has been proven to be effective in reducing NOx emissions down to contractual values. Additional efforts are in progress to obtain a further reduction of emission level. Finally, experimental results have been processed in order to set up a simple NOx emissions’ model, accounting for NOx production in any possible operating mode.

Trapped Vortex Combustor Performance for Heavy-Duty Gas Turbines

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Haynes ◽  
Daniel Micka ◽  
Ben Hojnacki ◽  
Craig Russell ◽  
John Lipinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Reactor Model ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Lean Premixed ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine ◽  
Trapped Vortex

The application of the trapped vortex combustor (TVC) concept to heavy-duty gas turbine conditions has been explored. Combustor stability, lean blow out, and emission performance requirements limit design options for conventional lean premixed combustors. The TVC concept has demonstrated reduced emissions and high turndown with liquid fuels and could overcome existing lean premixed performance constraints as well. The present study examines premixed injection of natural gas into the TVC at heavy-duty gas turbine conditions. The emission performance is measured over a range of operating conditions. The combustor turndown and dynamics performance are also presented. To forecast the performance potential of the TVC combustor a chemical reactor network model was developed. The model was anchored with experimental data and implemented in the prediction of TVC combustor emissions and turndown performance. The reactor model confirms that NOx reduction greater than 60% is possible using a trapped vortex combustor (TVC).

Gas Turbine Diagnostics Under Variable Operating Conditions

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Loboda ◽  
Yakov Feldshteyn ◽  
Sergiy Yepifanov
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Operating Points ◽  
Variable Operating Conditions

Operating conditions (control variables and ambient conditions) of gas turbine plants and engines vary considerably. The fact that health monitoring has to be uninterrupted creates the need for a run time diagnostic system to operate under any conditions. The diagnostic technique described in this paper utilizes the thermodynamic models in order to simulate gaspath faults and uses neural networks for the faults localization. This technique is repeatedly executed and the diagnoses are registered. On the basis of these diagnoses and beforehand known faults, the correct diagnosis probabilities are then calculated. The present paper analyses the influence of the operating conditions on a diagnostic process. In the technique, different options are simulated of a diagnostic treatment of the measured values obtained under variable operating conditions. The mentioned above probabilities help to compare these options. The main focus of the paper is on the so called multipoint (multimode) diagnosis that groups the data from different operating points (modes) to set only a single diagnosis.

Research on Prediction of NOx Emission Performance of Marine Gas Turbine Under Variable Operating Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Zhitao Wang ◽  
Tielei Li ◽  
Shuying Li
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Chemical Reactor Network ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Reactor Network ◽  
D Model ◽  
Operating Points ◽  
Variable Operating Conditions

Abstract With the global warming, many countries pay more attention to environmental pollution. The NOx emissions has become an important index when gas turbine designed. This paper provides a method for predicting NOx emissions of marine gas turbine under variable operating conditions. Firstly build the 3-D model of combustor. The characteristic regions of combustor were divided according to the reaction principle. Then build the chemical reactor network (CRN) models of different characteristic regions. According to the NOx emissions of several specific operating points simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD), fit the relation between residence time and operating conditions by Newton interpolation in the CRN models. Then the prediction model of NOx emissions of gas turbine was established by using neural network. The NOx emissions under 0.7∼1.0 working conditions and 0.019∼0.023 fuel-air ratios can be predicted efficiently.

Uncertainty Quantification of NOx Emission due to Operating Conditions and Chemical Kinetic Parameters in a Premixed Burner

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Yousefian ◽  
Gilles Bourque ◽  
Rory F. D. Monaghan
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Uncertainty Quantification ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Chemical Kinetic ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion

Many sources of uncertainty exist when emissions are modelled for a gas turbine combustion system. They originate from uncertain inputs, boundary conditions, calibration, or lack of sufficient fidelity in the model. In this paper, a non-intrusive polynomial chaos expansion (NIPCE) method is coupled with a chemical reactor network (CRN) model using Python to rigorously quantify uncertainties of NOx emission in a premixed burner. The first objective of the uncertainty quantification (UQ) in this study is development of a global sensitivity analysis method based on NIPCE to capture aleatory uncertainty due to the variation of operating conditions and input parameters. The second objective is uncertainty analysis of Arrhenius parameters in the chemical kinetic mechanism to study the epistemic uncertainty in the modelling of NOx emission. A two-reactor CRN consisting of a perfectly stirred reactor (PSR) and a plug flow reactor (PFR) is constructed in this study using Cantera to model NOx for natural gas at the relevant operating conditions for a benchmark premixed burner. UQ is performed through the use of a number of packages in Python. The results of uncertainty and sensitivity analysis using NIPCE based on point collocation method (PCM) are then compared with the results of advanced Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Surrogate models are also developed based on the NIPCE approach and compared with the forward model in Cantera to predict NOx emissions. The results show the capability of NIPCE approach for UQ using a limited number of evaluations to develop a UQ-enabled emission prediction tool for gas turbine combustion systems.

Investigations of Road Wear Caused by Studded Tires

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-15
Author(s):  
Johannes Gültlinger ◽  
Frank Gauterin ◽  
Christian Brandau ◽  
Jan Schlittenhard ◽  
Burkhard Wies
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Tire Friction ◽  
Variable Operating Conditions

ABSTRACT The use of studded tires has been a subject of controversy from the time they came into market. While studded tires contribute to traffic safety under severe winter conditions by increasing tire friction on icy roads, they also cause damage to the road surface when running on bare roads. Consequently, one of the main challenges in studded tire development is to reduce road wear while still ensuring a good grip on ice. Therefore, a research project was initiated to gain understanding about the mechanisms and influencing parameters involved in road wear by studded tires. A test method using the institute's internal drum test bench was developed. Furthermore, mechanisms causing road wear by studded tires were derived from basic analytical models. These mechanisms were used to identify the main parameters influencing road wear by studded tires. Using experimental results obtained with the test method developed, the expected influences were verified. Vehicle driving speed and stud mass were found to be major factors influencing road wear. This can be explained by the stud impact as a dominant mechanism. By means of the test method presented, quantified and comparable data for road wear caused by studded tires under controllable conditions can be obtained. The mechanisms allow predicting the influence of tire construction and variable operating conditions on road wear.

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