An in Vitro Model of Neural Trauma: Device Characterization and Calcium Response to Mechanical Stretch

2001 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna M. Geddes ◽  
Robert S. Cargill
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Mechanical Stretch ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Novel Device ◽  
Loop Feedback ◽  
Closed Loop Feedback ◽  
Cellular Tolerance ◽  
Vitro Model

An in vitro model for neural trauma was characterized and validated. The model is based on a novel device that is capable of applying high strain rate, homogeneous, and equibiaxial deformation to neural cells in culture. The deformation waveform is fully arbitrary and controlled via closed-loop feedback. Intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i alterations were recorded in real time throughout the imposed strain with an epifluorescent microscopy system. Peak change in [Ca2+]i, recovery of [Ca2+]i, and percent responding NG108-15 cells were shown to be dependent on strain rate (1−1 to 10−1) and magnitude (0.1 to 0.3 Green’s Strain). These measures were also shown to depend significantly on the interaction between strain rate and magnitude. This model for neural trauma is a robust system that can be used to investigate the cellular tolerance and response to traumatic brain injury.

scholarly journals O3: EVALUATION OF A 3D PRINTED BIO-ARTIFICIAL MUSCLE-ORGANOID FOR TRAUMA RESEARCH

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
RMT Staruch ◽  
AM Spear ◽  
J Edwards ◽  
R Rickard ◽  
M Thompson
Keyword(s):  
High Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
High Strain ◽  
C2c12 Myoblasts ◽  
Trauma Research ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Strain Rate Loading

Abstract Introduction Organoid models serve as a robust platform for investigating injury and disease in vitro. Currently, representative models of injury are lacking to investigate the effects of traumatic damage to organs and tissues. Here we describe a three-dimensional in vitro model of high strain rate loading seen in traumatic blast injury. Method 3D printing resins were tested for Young's Modulus & Poisson Ratio using a universal testing Organoids were then loaded into a 3D Printed bioreactor for high strain rate loading using a split Hopkinson pressure bar device. machine and digital image. Euler beam theory was used to evaluate post deflection. C2C12 myoblasts were seeded in fibrin hydrogels around 3D printed posts using a custom designed jig. High strain rate loading was applied to constructs, then qPCR & Fluorescent Live/Dead staining was utilised to demonstrate cell alignment and myotube formation. Result Young's modulus of Flexible resin was 11.51Mpa. Differentiated C2C12 myoblasts were capable of alignment between posts and expression of key markers of differentiation shown by qPCR & imaging. MYH5, MYH2 & MYH1 all had a > 1.5 old increase in expression compared to undifferentiated controls. Organoids were capable of survival in bioreactor casings for over 24 hours and were intact after application of high strain rate loading. Conclusion This work demonstrates the first use of a 3D printed organoid in vitro model to investigate high strain rate loading for trauma research. This organoid is capable of high throughput analysis to facilitate genomic and protein level expression analysis. Take-home message This work demonstrates the first use of a 3D printed organoid in vitro model to investigate high strain rate loading for trauma research.

scholarly journals Liposomes loaded with polyphenol-rich grape pomace extracts protect from neurodegeneration in a rotenone-based in vitro model of Parkinson's disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attilio Marino ◽  
Matteo Battaglini ◽  
Andrea Desii ◽  
Chiara Lavarello ◽  
Giada Genchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Vitro Model

Liposomes were loaded with a polyphenol-rich extract from grape pomace. Liposomes successfully crossed the BBB and efficiently protected neural cells from neurodegeneration in relevant in vitro models.

scholarly journals In vitro model reveals a role for mechanical stretch in the remodeling response of lymphatic muscle cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. e12512
Author(s):  
Joshua S. T. Hooks ◽  
Cristina C. Clement ◽  
Hoang-Dung Nguyen ◽  
Laura Santambrogio ◽  
J. Brandon Dixon
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Mechanical Stretch ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals 1112-152 Strain rate imaging for identifying tissue torsion in myocardial segments: An in vitro model study

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. A342-A343
Author(s):  
J Salvador de la Cruz ◽  
Amariek J Jensen ◽  
Sarah L Nelson ◽  
Nick W Liu ◽  
Xiaokui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Strain Rate Imaging ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals Effects of Lidocaine and Articaine on Neuronal Survival and Recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farraj Albalawi ◽  
Jason C. Lim ◽  
Kyle V. DiRenzo ◽  
Elliot V. Hersh ◽  
Claire H. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Calcium Indicator ◽  
Blocking Voltage ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Calcium Elevation ◽  
Pain Signal

The local anesthetics lidocaine and articaine are among the most widely used drugs in the dentist's arsenal, relieving pain by blocking voltage-dependent Na+ channels and thus preventing transmission of the pain signal. Given reports of infrequent but prolonged paresthesias with 4% articaine, we compared its neurotoxicity and functional impairment by screening cultured neural SH-SY5Y cells with formulations used in patients (2% lidocaine + 1:100,000 epinephrine or 4% articaine + 1:100,000 epinephrine) and with pure formulations of the drugs. Voltage-dependent sodium channels Na(v)1.2 and Na(v)1.7 were expressed in SH-SY5Y cells. To test the effects on viability, cells were exposed to drugs for 5 minutes, and after washing, cells were treated with the ratiometric Live/Dead assay. Articaine had no effect on the survival of SH-SY5Y cells, while lidocaine produced a significant reduction only when used as pure powder. To determine reversibility of blockage, wells were exposed to drugs for 5 minutes and returned for medium for 30 minutes, and the calcium elevation induced by depolarizing cells with a high-potassium solution was measured using the calcium indicator Fura-2. High potassium raised calcium in control SH-SY5Y cells and those treated with articaine, but lidocaine treatment significantly reduced the response. In conclusion, articaine does not damage neural cells more than lidocaine in this in vitro model. While this does not question the safety of lidocaine used clinically, it does suggest that articaine is no more neurotoxic, at least in the in vitro setting.

An in vitro model for investigation of vitamin A effects on wound healing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hoda Keshmiri Neghab ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar ◽  
Gholamreza Esmaeeli Djavid
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Endothelial Cell Migration ◽  
Normal Fibroblast ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Vitro Model

Abstract. Wound healing consists of a series of highly orderly overlapping processes characterized by hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Prolongation or interruption in each phase can lead to delayed wound healing or a non-healing chronic wound. Vitamin A is a crucial nutrient that is most beneficial for the health of the skin. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of vitamin A on regeneration, angiogenesis, and inflammation characteristics in an in vitro model system during wound healing. For this purpose, mouse skin normal fibroblast (L929), human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and monocyte/macrophage-like cell line (RAW 264.7) were considered to evaluate proliferation, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory responses, respectively. Vitamin A (0.1–5 μM) increased cellular proliferation of L929 and HUVEC (p < 0.05). Similarly, it stimulated angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell migration up to approximately 4 fold and interestingly tube formation up to 8.5 fold (p < 0.01). Furthermore, vitamin A treatment was shown to decrease the level of nitric oxide production in a dose-dependent effect (p < 0.05), exhibiting the anti-inflammatory property of vitamin A in accelerating wound healing. These results may reveal the therapeutic potential of vitamin A in diabetic wound healing by stimulating regeneration, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammation responses.

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