On the Stability of Chain Drive Systems Under Periodic Sprocket Oscillations

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Wang

Experimental observations have shown that periodic torsional oscillations of engine camshafts induced by powertrain loads can cause significant tension variation in the timing chain and magnify the chain transverse vibrations and noise level. This result indicates that the sprocket dynamic characteristics and the chain vibration behavior are closely coupled. The chain drive models to-date are not able to address these phenomena. This paper presents a nonlinear model of an integrated chain drive system which couples the sprocket motion with the transverse and longitudinal vibration of the axially moving chain spans. With this model, the effects of the sprocket shaft periodic loads upon the total system are investigated. It is concluded that the sprocket oscillations will cause chain longitudinal vibrations. This could destabilize the system and induce the chains to undergo large transverse vibration. Both the subharmonic and summation types of parametric resonance are found and the instability regions are derived. The effects of various system parameters, such as the sprocket inertia, the chain speed, and the speed dependent excitation frequencies upon the instability regions have been studied. The significance of the gyroscopic terms of the stability boundary has been shown.

Author(s):  
K. W. Wang

Abstract Experimental observations have shown that periodic torsional oscillations of engine camshafts induced by powertrain loads can cause significant tension variation in the timing chain and magnifies the chain transverse vibrations and noise level. This result indicates that the sprocket dynamic characteristics and the chain vibration behavior are closely coupled. The chain drive models to-date are not able to address these phenomena. This paper presents a nonlinear model of an integrated chain drive system which couples the sprocket motion with the transverse and longitudinal vibration of the axially-moving chain spans. With this model, the effects of the sprocket shaft periodic loads upon the total system are investigated. It is concluded that the sprocket oscillations will cause chain longitudinal vibrations. This could destabilize the system and induce the chains to undergo large transverse vibration. Both the subharmonic and summation types of parametric resonance are found and the instability regions are derived. The effects of various system parameters, such as the sprocket inertia, the chain speed, and the speed dependent excitation frequencies upon the instability regions have been studied. The significance of the gyroscopic terms on the prediction of the stability boundary has been shown. This paper presents an approach that provides new insight to the research of chain drive dynamics.


1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Mockensturm ◽  
N. C. Perkins ◽  
A. Galip Ulsoy

Tension fluctuations are the dominant source of excitation in automotive belts. In particular designs, these fluctuations may parametrically excite large amplitude transverse belt vibrations and adversely impact belt life. This paper evaluates an efficient discrete model of a parametrically excited translating belt. The efficiency derives from the use of translating string eigenfunctions as a basis for a Galerkin discretization of the equations of transverse belt response. Accurate and low-order models lead to simple closed-form solutions for the existence and stability of limit cycles near parametric instability regions. In particular, simple expressions are found for the stability boundaries of the general nth-mode principal parametric instability regions and the first summation and difference parametric instability regions. Subsequent evaluation of the weakly nonlinear equation of motion leads to an analytical expression for the amplitudes (and stability) of nontrivial limit cycles that exist around the nth-mode principal parametric instability regions. Example results highlight important conclusions concerning the response of automotive belt drives.


Author(s):  
Елена Петровна Белоусова

Для многих видов медицинских вмешательств требуется применение ультразвуковых инструментов с различными характеристиками. Используются инструменты, совершающие продольные колебания, значительно реже - инструменты с изгибами и крутильными колебаниями, либо достаточно длинные ультразвуковые медицинские инструменты, либо короткие, но тонкие. В таких инструментах часто наблюдается так называемая динамическая потеря устойчивости, когда прямолинейный инструмент, совершающий продольные колебания, внезапно начинает совершать изгибные колебания, амплитуда которых бывает настолько высока, что приводит к разрушению инструмента. Такое явление также называют параметрическим резонансом ультразвуковых инструментов. Цель статьи - анализ условий и параметров, позволяющих минимизировать травматичность применения ультразвуковых медицинских инструментов, исследование в динамике устойчивости ультразвуковых низкочастотных медицинских инструментов. Для определения оптимального набора параметров динамической устойчивости изгибных колебаний ультразвуковых низкочастотных медицинских инструментов используется уравнение Матье-Хилла. В этом аспекте решение задачи сводится к определению: 1) границ областей неустойчивости уравнения Матье; 2) границ областей неустойчивости при разных значениях коэффициента возбуждения; 3) границ областей неустойчивости с применением метода малого параметра. Для исследования динамической устойчивости уравнения колебаний прямолинейного стержня переменного сечения достаточно выполнить расчет коэффициентов уравнения Матье и использовать диаграмму Айнса-Стретта для нахождения точек попадания в область устойчивости. Результаты расчетов показали, что инструменты, изготовленные из титана, обладают высокой динамической устойчивостью, что практически исключает вероятность их разрушения при проведении медицинских операций. Полученные характеристики медицинских инструментов указывают на эффективность их применения в медицинской практике Many types of medical interventions require the use of ultrasound instruments with different characteristics. Instruments that perform longitudinal vibrations are used, much less often-instruments with bends and torsional vibrations, or rather long ultrasound medical instruments, or short, but thin. In such instruments, the so-called dynamic loss of stability is often observed, when a straight-line tool that performs longitudinal vibrations suddenly begins to make bending vibrations, the amplitude of which is so high that it leads to the destruction of the tool. This phenomenon is also called parametric resonance of ultrasonic instruments. The purpose of the article is to analyze the conditions and parameters that allow minimizing the traumaticity of the use of ultrasonic medical instruments, to study the dynamics of the stability of ultrasonic low-frequency medical instruments. The Mathieu-Hill equation is used to determine the optimal set of parameters for the dynamic stability of bending vibrations of ultrasonic low-frequency medical instruments. In this aspect, the solution of the problem is reduced to the definition of: 1) the boundaries of the instability regions of the Mathieu equation; 2) the boundaries of the instability regions at different values of the excitation coefficient; 3) the boundaries of the instability regions using the small parameter method. To study the dynamic stability of the equation of oscillations of a rectilinear rod of variable cross-section, it is sufficient to calculate the coefficients of the Mathieu equation and use the Ains-Strett diagram to find the points of falling into the stability region. The results of the calculations showed that the instruments made of titanium have a high dynamic stability, which practically eliminates the possibility of their destruction during medical operations. The obtained characteristics of medical instruments indicate the effectiveness of their use in medical practice


2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajab A. Malookani ◽  
Wim T. van Horssen

The stability of an axially moving string system subjected to parametric excitation resulting from speed fluctuations has been examined in this paper. The time-dependent velocity is assumed to be a harmonically varying function around a (low) constant mean speed. The method of characteristic coordinates in combination with the two timescales perturbation method is used to compute the first-order approximation of the solutions of the equations of motion that governs the transverse vibrations of an axially moving string. It turns out that the system can give rise to resonances when the velocity fluctuation frequency is equal (or close) to an odd multiple of the natural frequency of the system. The stability conditions are investigated analytically in terms of the displacement-response and the energy of the system near the resonances. The effects of the detuning parameter on the amplitudes of vibrations and on the energy of the system are also presented through numerical simulations.


1998 ◽  
Vol 358 ◽  
pp. 357-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. NAGATA

The stability of nonlinear tertiary solutions in rotating plane Couette flow is examined numerically. It is found that the tertiary flows, which bifurcate from two-dimensional streamwise vortex flows, are stable within a certain range of the rotation rate when the Reynolds number is relatively small. The stability boundary is determined by perturbations which are subharmonic in the streamwise direction. As the Reynolds number is increased, the rotation range for the stable tertiary motions is destroyed gradually by oscillatory instabilities. We expect that the tertiary flow is overtaken by time-dependent motions for large Reynolds numbers. The results are compared with the recent experimental observation by Tillmark & Alfredsson (1996).


2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kartik ◽  
J. A. Wickert

The parametric excitation of an axially moving plate is examined in an application where a partial foundation moves in the plane of the plate and in a direction orthogonal to the plate’s transport. The stability of the plate’s out-of-plane vibration is of interest in a magnetic tape data storage application where the read/write head is substantially narrower than the tape’s width and is repositioned during track-following maneuvers. In this case, the model’s equation of motion has time-dependent coefficients, and vibration is excited both parametrically and by direct forcing. The parametric instability of out-of-plane vibration is analyzed by using the Floquet theory for finite values of the foundation’s range of motion. For a relatively soft foundation, vibration is excited preferentially at the primary resonance of the plate’s fundamental torsional mode. As the foundation’s stiffness increases, multiple primary and combination resonances occur, and they dominate the plate’s stability; small islands, however, do exist within unstable zones of the frequency-amplitude parameter space for which vibration is marginally stable. The plate’s and foundation’s geometry, the foundation’s stiffness, and the excitation’s amplitude and frequency can be selected in order to reduce undesirable vibration that occurs along the plate’s free edge.


2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Hua Jun Sun ◽  
Qing Xu

The electron structure of Pb(Zr1/2Ti1/2)O3(PZT), Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3(PZN) and Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3 (PMS) systems was calculated by the SCF-DV-Xα calculation method. The effects of ABO3-type perovskite and pyrochlore ceramic electron structure on their piezoelectricity were also studied. The results showed that the ferroelectric phase is more stable than paraelectric phase and the necessary condition of stable existing ferroelectric is the mixed orbit of O2p orbit and the out layer d orbit of B-site atom. The stability of ferroelectricity can be indicated by the strength of mixed orbit. When (Zr, Ti) was substituted by Mn1/3Sb2/3, Zn1/3Nb2/3, if it could form tetragonal perovskite structure, the total system energy would reduce and the mixed orbit will enhance, which improves the ferroelectricity of PZT system. However, if it forms a cubic pyrochlore structure, the ferroelectricity would lose because the covalent bond strength of B-O (axial direction) and B-O (vertical axial direction) is different obviously, which lead to the system structure become unstable.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamadev Sahoo ◽  
L. N. Panda ◽  
G. Pohit

The nonlinear vibration of a travelling beam subjected to principal parametric resonance in presence of internal resonance is investigated. The beam velocity is assumed to be comprised of a constant mean value along with a harmonically varying component. The stretching of neutral axis introduces geometric cubic nonlinearity in the equation of motion of the beam. The natural frequency of second mode is approximately three times that of first mode; a three-to-one internal resonance is possible. The method of multiple scales (MMS) is directly applied to the governing nonlinear equations and the associated boundary conditions. The nonlinear steady state response along with the stability and bifurcation of the beam is investigated. The system exhibits pitchfork, Hopf, and saddle node bifurcations under different control parameters. The dynamic solutions in the periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic forms are captured with the help of time history, phase portraits, and Poincare maps showing the influence of internal resonance.


Author(s):  
Ruigui Pan ◽  
Huw G. Davies

Abstract Nonstationary response of a two-degrees-of-freedom system with quadratic coupling under a time varying modulated amplitude sinusoidal excitation is studied. The nonlinearly coupled pitch and roll ship model is based on Nayfeh, Mook and Marshall’s work for the case of stationary excitation. The ship model has a 2:1 internal resonance and is excited near the resonance of the pitch mode. The modulated excitation (F0 + F1 cos ωt) cosQt is used to model a narrow band sea-wave excitation. The response demonstrates a variety of bifurcations, loss of stability, and chaos phenomena that are not present in the stationary case. We consider here the periodically modulated response. Chaotic response of the system is discussed in a separate paper. Several approximate solutions, under both small and large modulating amplitudes F1, are obtained and compared with the exact one. The stability of an exact solution with one mode having zero amplitude is studied. Loss of stability in this case involves either a rapid transition from one of two stable (in the stationary sense) branches to another, or a period doubling bifurcation. From Floquet theory, various stability boundary diagrams are obtained in F1 and F0 parameter space which can be used to predict the various transition phenomena and the period-2 bifurcations. The study shows that both the modulation parameters F1 and ω (the modulating frequency) have great effect on the stability boundaries. Because of the modulation, the stable area is greatly expanded, and the stationary bifurcation point can be exceeded without loss of stability. Decreasing ω can make the stability boundary very complicated. For very small ω the response can make periodic transitions between the two (pseudo) stable solutions.


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