The AirScope: A Novel Wireless Laparoscope

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lazarus
Keyword(s):  
Video Transmission ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Video Monitor ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Experimental Prototype ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Wide Angle Lens ◽  
Expected Benefits

The modern laparoscope relies on Hopkins’ glass rod lenses, a fiber-optic light source, a video camera, and external cables. This paper discusses the feasibility of developing an experimental prototype of a completely wireless laparoscope by making use of the latest in electronic and optic miniaturization. Design requirements were defined to mimic a standard 10 mm adult laparoscope. An 8 mm diameter (CMOS) camera was used, which delivered standard definition TV resolution at an image refresh rate of 30 Hz. A wide-angle lens was chosen, and a focusing mechanism was designed. Instead of a fiber-optic cable, illumination was achieved using four miniature LED lights. A 2.4 GHz wireless transmission with adequate range for use in an operating theater was chosen. A wireless receiver on a standard personal computer was used to drive a video monitor using off the shelf image processing software. A built-in rechargeable battery powered the wireless laparoscope. Flicker-free in vitro wireless video transmission was achieved. The laparoscope was made waterproof with a front cover lens and can be gas or chemically sterilized. The prototype laparoscope weights 78 g as compared with 900 g for a typical 10 mm laparoscope, camera, fiber-optic, and camera cables. Drawbacks of the prototype include reduced resolution of the video image as compared to high definition (HD) TV quality available on the most recent commercial camera systems. This experimental prototype has illustrated the feasibility of wireless endoscopy systems. The expected benefits include improved ergonomic maneuverability, reduced weight, and decreased electric power requirements.

A full digital, high definition video system (1080i) for laryngoscopy and stroboscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Tsunoda ◽  
A Hatanaka ◽  
R Tsunoda ◽  
S Kishimoto ◽  
K Tsunoda
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Video Monitor ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Still Image ◽  
Video System ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
High Definition Video ◽  
Laryngeal Lesions ◽  
Video Systems

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of a full digital, high definition video system for laryngeal observations.Methods:A newly available, full digital, high definition video camera and high definition video monitor were used. With an endoscopic adaptor and rigid telescope, laryngoscopy and stroboscopy were performed on patients with various kinds of laryngeal lesions.Results:All laryngeal lesions were observed and recorded by the full digital, high definition video camera without incident. The image quality for laryngoscopy and stroboscopy was far superior to that of a conventional video system, including video-endoscopy. Even tiny structures or lesions could clearly be visualised on the monitor. The still image obtained from the full digital, high definition video camera was 1920 × 1080 pixels and was comparable to that obtained from a still camera.Conclusions:Full digital, high definition video cameras are now commonplace products and can easily be applied to patients with laryngeal disorders. They provide superior laryngeal images, compared with conventional video systems. Furthermore, high definition video systems are cheaper than proprietary medical video systems. We consider our system to represent an accessible technique of gaining superior laryngeal observation in otolaryngological clinics.

scholarly journals A low-cost wireless endoscope camera: a preliminary report

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lazarus ◽  
M. Ncube
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Constrained Environments ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Technology currently used for surgical endoscopy was developed and is manufactured in high-income economies. The cost of this equipment makes technology transfer to resource constrained environments difficult. We aimed to design an affordable wireless endoscope to aid visualisation during rigid endoscopy and minimally invasive surgery (MIS). The initial prototype aimed to replicate a 4-mm lens used in rigid cystoscopy. Methods Focus was placed on using open-source resources to develop the wireless endoscope to significantly lower the cost and make the device accessible for resource-constrained settings. An off the shelf miniature single-board computer module was used because of its low cost (US$10) and its ability to handle high-definition (720p) video. Open-source Linux software made monitor mode (“hotspot”) wireless video transmission possible. A 1280 × 720 pixel high-definition tube camera was used to generate the video signal. Video is transmitted to a standard laptop computer for display. Bench testing included latency of wireless digital video transmission. Comparison to industry standard wired cameras was made including weight and cost. The battery life was also assessed. Results In comparison with industry standard cystoscope lens, wired camera, video processing unit and light source, the prototype costs substantially less. (US$ 230 vs 28 000). The prototype is light weight (184 g), has no cables tethering and has acceptable battery life (of over 2 h, using a 1200 mAh battery). The camera transmits video wirelessly in near real time with only imperceptible latency of < 200 ms. Image quality is high definition at 30 frames per second. Colour rendering is good, and white balancing is possible. Limitations include the lack of a zoom. Conclusion The novel wireless endoscope camera described here offers equivalent high-definition video at a markedly reduced cost to contemporary industry wired units and could contribute to making minimally invasive surgery possible in resource-constrained environments.

scholarly journals Fiber-Optic Time-Resolved Fluorescence Sensor for in Vitro Serotonin Determination

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane Mottin ◽  
Canh Tran-Minh ◽  
Pierre Laporte ◽  
Raymond Cespuglio ◽  
Michel Jouvet
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Sensor ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Nitrogen Laser ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Temporal Effects ◽  
Starting Point

At pH 7 and with the excitation at wavelengths above 315 nm, previously unreported fluorescence of 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) is observed. Two fluorescence bands were observed for 5-HT; the first emits at around 390 nm with an associated lifetime near 1 ns, and the other (well known) emits at 340 nm with an associated lifetime of 2.7 ns. With both static and time-resolved fluorescences, the spectral and temporal effects of the excitation wavelength were studied between 285 and 340 nm. With these basic spectroscopic properties as a starting point, a fiber-optic chemical sensor (FOCS) was developed in order to measure 5-HT with a single-fiber configuration, nitrogen laser excitation, and fast digitizing techniques. Temporal effects including fluorescence of the optical fiber were studied and compared with measurements both directly in cuvette and through the fiber-optic sensor. Less than thirty seconds are required for each measurement. A detection limit of 5-HT is reached in the range of 5 μM. Our system, with an improved sensitivity, could therefore be a possible and convenient “tool” for in vivo determination of 5-HT.

scholarly journals High-Quality Transmission of Cardiotocogram and Fetal Information Using a 5G System: Pilot Experiment (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiko Naruse ◽  
Tomoya Yamashita ◽  
Yukari Onishi ◽  
Yuhi Niitaka ◽  
Fumikage Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Waveform Data ◽  
High Definition Video ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Emergency Transport ◽  
The Status

BACKGROUND A cardiotocogram (CTG) is a device used to perceive the status of a fetus in utero in real time. There are a few reports of its use at home or during emergency transport. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test whether CTG and other perinatal information can be transmitted accurately using an experimental station with a 5G transmission system. METHODS In the research institute, real-time fetal heart rate waveform data from the CTG device, high-definition video ultrasound images of the fetus, and high-definition video taken with a video camera on a single line were transmitted by 5G radio waves from the transmitting station to the receiving station. RESULTS All data were proven to be transmitted with a minimum delay of less than 1 second. The CTG waveform image quality was not inferior, and there was no interruption in transmission. Images of the transmitted ultrasound examination and video movie were fine and smooth. CONCLUSIONS CTG and other information about the fetuses and pregnant women were successfully transmitted by a 5G system. This finding will lead to prompt and accurate medical treatment and improve the prognosis of newborns.

scholarly journals High-Quality Transmission of Cardiotocogram and Fetal Information Using a 5G System: Pilot Experiment

10.2196/19744 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e19744
Author(s):  
Katsuhiko Naruse ◽  
Tomoya Yamashita ◽  
Yukari Onishi ◽  
Yuhi Niitaka ◽  
Fumikage Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Waveform Data ◽  
High Definition Video ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Emergency Transport ◽  
The Status

Background A cardiotocogram (CTG) is a device used to perceive the status of a fetus in utero in real time. There are a few reports of its use at home or during emergency transport. Objective The aim of this study was to test whether CTG and other perinatal information can be transmitted accurately using an experimental station with a 5G transmission system. Methods In the research institute, real-time fetal heart rate waveform data from the CTG device, high-definition video ultrasound images of the fetus, and high-definition video taken with a video camera on a single line were transmitted by 5G radio waves from the transmitting station to the receiving station. Results All data were proven to be transmitted with a minimum delay of less than 1 second. The CTG waveform image quality was not inferior, and there was no interruption in transmission. Images of the transmitted ultrasound examination and video movie were fine and smooth. Conclusions CTG and other information about the fetuses and pregnant women were successfully transmitted by a 5G system. This finding will lead to prompt and accurate medical treatment and improve the prognosis of newborns.

Development of fiber optic fluorescence oxygen sensor in both in vitro and in vivo systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjun Jiang ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Wei Zhong ◽  
Shen Meng ◽  
Ben Yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Sensor ◽  
Fiber Optic

scholarly journals Application of Shore-Based Video and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Drones): Complementary Tools for Beach Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatus Bapentire Angnuureng ◽  
Philip-Neri Jayson-Quashigah ◽  
Rafael Almar ◽  
Thomas Christian Stieglitz ◽  
Edward Jamal Anthony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Camera View ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
One Year ◽  
Video Camera System ◽  
Good Agreement

Video camera systems have been used over nearly three decades to monitor coastal dynamics. They facilitate a high-frequency analysis of spatiotemporal shoreline mobility. Video camera usage to measure beach intertidal profile evolution has not been standardized globally and the capacity to obtain accurate results requires authentication using various techniques. Applications are mostly site specific due to differences in installation. The present study examines the accuracy of intertidal topographic data derived from a video camera system compared to data acquired with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV, or drone) surveys of a reflective beach. Using one year of 15-min video data and one year of monthly UAV observations, the intertidal profile shows a good agreement. Underestimations of intertidal profile elevations by the camera-based method are possibly linked to the camera view angle, rectification and gaps in data. The resolution of the video-derived intertidal topographic profiles confirmed, however, the suitability of the method in providing beach mobility surveys matching those required for a quantitative analysis of nearshore changes. Beach slopes were found to vary between 0.1 and 0.7, with a steep slope in May to July 2018 and a gentle slope in December 2018. Large but short-scale beach variations occurred between August 2018 and October 2018 and corresponded to relatively high wave events. In one year, this dynamic beach lost 7 m. At this rate, and as also observed at other beaches nearby, important coastal facilities and infrastructure will be prone to erosion. The data suggest that a low-cost shore-based camera, particularly when used in a network along the coast, can produce profile data for effective coastal management in West Africa and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Distribution of Triamcinolone Acetonide after Intravitreal Injection into Silicone Oil-Filled Eye

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma Da ◽  
Kenneth K. W. Li ◽  
Kevin C. Chan ◽  
Ed X. Wu ◽  
David S.H. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Drug Reservoir ◽  
Silicone Oil Tamponade ◽  
Vitrectomy Surgery

There is increasing use of the vitreous cavity as a reservoir for drug delivery. We study the intraocular migration and distribution of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) after injection into silicone oil tamponade agent during and after vitrectomy surgeryex vivo(pig eye) andin vitro(glass bottle). Forex vivoassessment, intraocular migration of TA was imaged using real-time FLASH MRI scans and high-resolution T2W imaging and thein vitromodel was monitored continuously with a video camera. Results of theex vivoexperiment showed that the TA droplet sank to the interface of silicone oil and aqueous almost immediately after injection and remained inside the silicone oil bubble for as long as 16 minutes. Thein vitroresults showed that, after the shrinkage of the droplet, TA gradually precipitated leaving only a lump of whitish crystalline residue inside the droplet for about 100 minutes. TA then quickly broke the interface and dispersed into the underlying aqueous within 15 seconds, which may result in a momentary increase of local TA concentration in the aqueous portion and potentially toxic to the retina. Our study suggests that silicone oil may not be a good candidate as a drug reservoir for drugs like TA.

The SCATMES Device for Measurement of Concentrated Solar Radiation

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Neumann ◽  
A. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Measurement Principle ◽  
Concentrated Solar Radiation ◽  
Compact Geometry

Video camera systems monitoring a diffuse reflecting target for measuring the flux distribution of concentrated solar radiation are quite common. This technique cannot be used if parts of the experimental setup screen the surface of the target. The development of a new measurement system with a compact geometry and a new optical design is described. With this system it is possible to measure the flux distribution behind parts of an experiment and at any position of the plane of measurement, without any alteration of the setup. The sources of error, especially those of the target and the camera, are described and discussed, and finally a comparison to the existing FATMES-System, which has been performed at the solar furnace of the DLR in Cologne, is presented. Due to its measurement principle the new system is called ’Scanning Camera and Target Measurement System‘ (acronym: SCATMES).

Optimal transmission of high definition video transmission in WiMedia systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung-Yu Wu ◽  
Tzu-Tsung Chuang ◽  
Ching Yao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Video Transmission ◽  
High Definition ◽  
High Definition Video
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