scholarly journals Head and Neck Response of a Finite Element Anthropomorphic Test Device and Human Body Model During a Simulated Rotary-Wing Aircraft Impact

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. White ◽  
Kerry A. Danelson ◽  
F. Scott Gayzik ◽  
Joel D. Stitzel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Rotary Wing

A finite element (FE) simulation environment has been developed to investigate aviator head and neck response during a simulated rotary-wing aircraft impact using both an FE anthropomorphic test device (ATD) and an FE human body model. The head and neck response of the ATD simulation was successfully validated against an experimental sled test. The majority of the head and neck transducer time histories received a CORrelation and Analysis (CORA) rating of 0.7 or higher, indicating good overall correlation. The human body model simulation produced a more biofidelic head and neck response than the ATD experimental test and simulation, including change in neck curvature. While only the upper and lower neck loading can be measured in the ATD, the shear force, axial force, and bending moment were reported for each level of the cervical spine in the human body model using a novel technique involving cross sections. This loading distribution provides further insight into the biomechanical response of the neck during a rotary-wing aircraft impact.

Head injury metric response in finite element ATDs and a human body model in multidirectional loading regimes

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (sup2) ◽  
pp. S96-S102
Author(s):  
Derek A. Jones ◽  
James P. Gaewsky ◽  
Jeffrey T. Somers ◽  
F. Scott Gayzik ◽  
Ashley A. Weaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Multidirectional Loading

DEVELOPMENT AND BIOFIDELITY EVALUATION OF AN OCCUPANT BIOMECHANICAL MODEL OF A CHINESE 50TH PERCENTILE MALE FOR SIDE IMPACT

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (07) ◽  
pp. 1740039 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHENGWEI MA ◽  
LELE JING ◽  
FENGCHONG LAN ◽  
JINLUN WANG ◽  
JIQING CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Body Model

Finite element modeling has played a significant role in the study of human body biomechanical responses and injury mechanisms during vehicle impacts. However, there are very few reports on similar studies conducted in China for the Chinese population. In this study, a high-precision human body finite element model of the Chinese 50th percentile male was developed. The anatomical structures and mechanical characteristics of real human body were replicated as precise as possible. In order to analyze the model’s biofidelity in side-impact injury prediction, a global technical standard, ISO/TR 9790, was used that specifically assesses the lateral impact biofidelity of anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) and computational models. A series of model simulations, focusing on different body parts, were carried out against the tests outlined in ISO/TR 9790. Then, the biofidelity ratings of the full human body model and different body parts were evaluated using the ISO/TR 9790 rating method. In a 0–10 rating scale, the resulting rating for the full human body model developed is 8.57, which means a good biofidelity. As to different body parts, the biofidelity ratings of the head and shoulder are excellent, while those of the neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis are good. The resulting ratings indicate that the human body model developed in this study is capable of investigating the side-impact responses of and injuries to occupants’ different body parts. In addition, the rating of the model was compared with those of the other human body finite element models and several side-impact dummy models. This allows us to assess the robustness of our model and to identify necessary improvements.

Head and Neck Response of an Active Human Body Model and Finite Element Anthropometric Test Device During a Linear Impactor Helmet Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Bruneau ◽  
Duane S. Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Neck Stiffness ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Primary Impact

Abstract It has been proposed that neck muscle activation may play a role in head response resulting from impacts in American Football. The importance of neck stiffness and active musculature in the standard linear impactor helmet test was assessed using a detailed head and neck finite element (FE) model from a current human body model (HBM) compared to a validated hybrid III head and neck FE model. The models were assessed for bare-head and helmeted impacts at three speeds (5.5, 7.4, and 9.3 m/s) and three impact orientations. The HBM head and neck was assessed without muscle activation and with a high level of muscle activation representing a braced condition. The HBM and hybrid III had an average cross-correlation rating of 0.89 for acceleration in the primary impact direction, indicating excellent correspondence regardless of muscle activation. Differences were identified in the axial head acceleration, attributed to axial neck stiffness (correlation rating of 0.45), but these differences did not have a large effect on the overall head response using existing head response metrics (head injury criteria, brain injury criteria, and head impact power). Although responses that develop over longer durations following the impact differed slightly, such as the moment at the base of the neck, this occurred later in time, and therefore, did not considerably affect the short-term head kinematics in the primary impact direction. Though muscle activation did not play a strong role in the head response for the test configurations considered, muscle activation may play a role in longer duration events.

Modeling Human Volunteers in Multidirectional, Uni-axial Sled Tests Using a Finite Element Human Body Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Gaewsky ◽  
Derek A. Jones ◽  
Xin Ye ◽  
Bharath Koya ◽  
Kyle P. McNamara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Human Volunteers

scholarly journals Numerical modelling of the forklift tip-over to test effectiveness of the safety components

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Milanowicz ◽  
Paweł Budziszewski ◽  
Krzysztof Kędzior
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Internal Transport

Forklift overturning with its operator is the most common and dangerous type of an accident involving internal transport. The forklifts are equipped with safety components to avoid, or reduce the effects of forklift tip-over. However, there is very few information on the effectiveness of such systems. The aim of the research was to evaluate their effectiveness with the use of numerical simulation. The study relied on carrying out numerical simulations of forklift overturning with its operator. Active human body model was used in the research. Human body output parameters, e.g. forces and accelerations of the head and neck were used to estimate injuries sustained by an operator. The effectiveness of the safety components was assessed on the basis of estimated injuries.

Injury prediction in a side impact crash using human body model simulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Golman ◽  
Kerry A. Danelson ◽  
Logan E. Miller ◽  
Joel D. Stitzel
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Injury Prediction ◽  
Body Model
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