scholarly journals Numerical modelling of the forklift tip-over to test effectiveness of the safety components

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Milanowicz ◽  
Paweł Budziszewski ◽  
Krzysztof Kędzior
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Internal Transport

Forklift overturning with its operator is the most common and dangerous type of an accident involving internal transport. The forklifts are equipped with safety components to avoid, or reduce the effects of forklift tip-over. However, there is very few information on the effectiveness of such systems. The aim of the research was to evaluate their effectiveness with the use of numerical simulation. The study relied on carrying out numerical simulations of forklift overturning with its operator. Active human body model was used in the research. Human body output parameters, e.g. forces and accelerations of the head and neck were used to estimate injuries sustained by an operator. The effectiveness of the safety components was assessed on the basis of estimated injuries.

A New Method to Concentrate Electromagnetic Field Within ROI Using a High Dielectric Material in 3T Body MRI

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bu S. Park ◽  
Sunder S. Rajan ◽  
Leonardo M. Angelone
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
High Dielectric

We present numerical simulation results showing that high dielectric materials (HDMs) when placed between the human body model and the body coil significantly alter the electromagnetic field inside the body. The numerical simulation results show that the electromagnetic field (E, B, and SAR) within a region of interest (ROI) is concentrated (increased). In addition, the average electromagnetic fields decreased significantly outside the region of interest. The calculation results using a human body model and HDM of Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) show that the mean local SAR was decreased by about 56% (i.e., 18.7 vs. 8.2 W/kg) within the body model.

scholarly journals Head and Neck Response of a Finite Element Anthropomorphic Test Device and Human Body Model During a Simulated Rotary-Wing Aircraft Impact

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. White ◽  
Kerry A. Danelson ◽  
F. Scott Gayzik ◽  
Joel D. Stitzel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Rotary Wing

A finite element (FE) simulation environment has been developed to investigate aviator head and neck response during a simulated rotary-wing aircraft impact using both an FE anthropomorphic test device (ATD) and an FE human body model. The head and neck response of the ATD simulation was successfully validated against an experimental sled test. The majority of the head and neck transducer time histories received a CORrelation and Analysis (CORA) rating of 0.7 or higher, indicating good overall correlation. The human body model simulation produced a more biofidelic head and neck response than the ATD experimental test and simulation, including change in neck curvature. While only the upper and lower neck loading can be measured in the ATD, the shear force, axial force, and bending moment were reported for each level of the cervical spine in the human body model using a novel technique involving cross sections. This loading distribution provides further insight into the biomechanical response of the neck during a rotary-wing aircraft impact.

ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE EFFECT ON TMR RECORDING HEAD: A FLEX ON SUSPENSION CAPACITANCE APPROACH

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (17) ◽  
pp. 3586-3590 ◽  
Author(s):  
NUTTACHAI JUTONG ◽  
APIRAT SIRITARATIWAT ◽  
DUANGPORN SOMPONGSE ◽  
PORNCHAI RAKPONGSIRI
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Electrostatic Discharge ◽  
Hard Disk Drives ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Disk Drives ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Recording Head ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Recording Heads ◽  
First Time

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) effects on GMR recording heads have been reported as the major cause of head failure. Since the information density in hard-disk drives has dramatically increased, the GMR head will be no longer in use. The tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) read heads are initially introduced for a 100 Gbit/in2 density or more. Though the failure mechanism of ESD in GMR recording heads has not been explicitly understood in detail, a study to protect from this effect has to be done. As the TMR head has been commercially started, the ESD effect must be considered. This is the first time that the TMR equivalent circuit has been reported in order to evaluate the ESD effect. A standard human body model (HBM) is discharged across R+ and R- where the capacitances of flex on suspension (FOS) are varied. It is intriguingly found that the electrical characteristics of the TMR head during the discharge period depend on the discharge position. This may be explained in terms of the asymmetry impedance of TMR by using adapted Thevenin's theory. The effect of FOS components on TMR recording heads is also discussed.

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