Determining Isolated Thumb Forces in Osteoarthritic and Healthy Persons

Abstract Carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA) can dramatically impair thumb function resulting in the inability to complete basic tasks. Development of a method to detect thumb forces changes is essential to understand of the progression of carpometacarpal osteoarthritis and the effects of treatment. The goals of this study were to (1) develop a method to measure thumb forces in multiple directions, (2) perform an initial demonstration of this method on three populations, young healthy (YH), older healthy (OH), and older participants with carpometacarpal osteoarthritis, and (3) determine the effects of short-term exercises on thumb force production in these pilot groups. A multi-axis load cell with a custom-built apparatus and a hand grip dynamometer were used to measure thumb and grip forces. Forces were collected in four directions: radial abduction and adduction, and palmar abduction and adduction. All participants completed thumb and grip testing prior to (week 0), during (week 2), and following (week 6), a hand exercise regimen. Group differences and the effects of exercise on force production were determined. Hand exercises improved thumb forces in young healthy female participants during radial (p = 0.017) and palmar abduction (p = 0.031) and female participants with osteoarthritis during palmar abduction (p = 0.010). Exercise improved grip strength in young healthy males (p = 0.028), young healthy females (p = 0.041), and females with osteoarthritis (p = 0.027). This research demonstrates the successful use of a new device to determine isolated thumb forces, and its clinical utility to identify changes after a short exercise regimen.

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OP0157-HPR CHANGES IN PAIN AND HAND FUNCTION AFTER MULTIMODAL OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY AND/OR SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH CARPOMETACARPAL OSTEOARTHRITIS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2857 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 94-95

Author(s):

A. T. Tveter ◽

N. Osteras ◽

R. Nossum ◽

R. E. Mehl Eide ◽

Å. Klokkeide ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Hand Function ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Group Differences ◽

Control Group ◽

Short Term ◽

Secondary Analyses ◽

Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis ◽

Over Time

Background:Carpometacarpal osteoarthritis (CMC1 OA) is a subset of hand OA, often leading to pain and functional limitations. The EULAR recommends conservative treatment as first-line management, and a recent study showed significant short-term effect of multimodal occupational therapy on pain and hand function in patients referred to surgical consultation1. However, long-term results are lacking.Objectives:To explore the long-term effect of multimodal occupational therapy on pain and hand function in patients with CMC1 OA, and to assess the differences between those undergoing surgery or not in the two groups.Methods:This project presents secondary analyses of a multicentre RCT. Patients referred by their general practitioner to surgical consultation due to CMC1 OA at three Norwegian hospitals from 2013-2015 were eligible. During the waiting period between referral and surgical consultation, 180 patients were randomized to usual care (information, n=90) or a 3-month multimodal occupational therapy intervention (patient education, hand exercises, orthoses and assistive devices, n=90). Patients were assessed at baseline, and 4 (before surgical consultation), 18 and 24 months. Pain at rest was assessed using a 11-point numeric rating scale, and hand function was self-reported with the MAP-Hand (1-4, 1=no problem). The long-term within- and between-group differences on pain and hand function were assessed using repeated measure ANOVA. Sub-analyses were done among those undergoing surgery or not in the two groups. P-value <0.05.Results:163 patients (63 (8) years, 81% women) were included in the analyses. Both groups showed a significant reduction in pain and improvement in hand function over time (p<0.001), with a significant between-group difference for pain (F (1, 161) = 8.56, p = 0.004), in favour of the intervention group, but not hand function.After 2 years, 22 patients had undergone surgery in the intervention group vs 29 in the control group. No significant difference over time were found in pain or hand function between those undergoing surgery or not in the two groups. However, at the time of the surgical consultation, significantly higher pain (Figure 1) and poorer hand function were reported among those later undergoing surgery in the control group (p≤0.001). Surgery did not lead to further improvement in pain and hand function in the intervention group.Figure 1.Between-group difference on pain over a 2-year period. The control group is marked in light grey and the intervention group in black. Those who underwent surgery are marked with dotted lines, while those who did not are marked with solid lines (n=163)Conclusion:The results showed that the positive effect of multimodal occupational therapy on pain and hand function persisted over the 2-year period, however, no significant between-groups difference over time was found. No significant between-group differences were found when dividing into sub-groups, however, those later undergoing surgery in the control group scored significantly worse on pain and hand function at the time of surgical consultation. The results may imply that patients who would benefit from surgery were identified, and that surgery does not give an additional benefit in patients who have received multimodal occupational therapy. This needs to be further investigated.References:[1]Tveter AT, Østerås N, Nossum R, Eide REM, Klokkeide Å, Hoegh Matre K, et al. Short-term effects of occupational therapy on hand function and pain in patients with carpometacarpal osteoarthritis: secondary analyses from a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis care & research. 2020:10.1002/acr.24543Acknowledgements:We would like to acknowledge Øyvor Andreassen for her contribution throughout the project as a patient representative.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Comparison of Auditory, Language, Memory, and Attention Abilities in Children With and Without Listening Difficulties

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/2020_aja-20-00018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 710-727

Author(s):

Beula M. Magimairaj ◽

Naveen K. Nagaraj ◽

Alexander V. Sergeev ◽

Natalie J. Benafield

Keyword(s):

Auditory Processing ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Group Differences ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

Significant Group ◽

Term Memory ◽

Memory And Attention ◽

Speed And Accuracy

Objectives School-age children with and without parent-reported listening difficulties (LiD) were compared on auditory processing, language, memory, and attention abilities. The objective was to extend what is known so far in the literature about children with LiD by using multiple measures and selective novel measures across the above areas. Design Twenty-six children who were reported by their parents as having LiD and 26 age-matched typically developing children completed clinical tests of auditory processing and multiple measures of language, attention, and memory. All children had normal-range pure-tone hearing thresholds bilaterally. Group differences were examined. Results In addition to significantly poorer speech-perception-in-noise scores, children with LiD had reduced speed and accuracy of word retrieval from long-term memory, poorer short-term memory, sentence recall, and inferencing ability. Statistically significant group differences were of moderate effect size; however, standard test scores of children with LiD were not clinically poor. No statistically significant group differences were observed in attention, working memory capacity, vocabulary, and nonverbal IQ. Conclusions Mild signal-to-noise ratio loss, as reflected by the group mean of children with LiD, supported the children's functional listening problems. In addition, children's relative weakness in select areas of language performance, short-term memory, and long-term memory lexical retrieval speed and accuracy added to previous research on evidence-based areas that need to be evaluated in children with LiD who almost always have heterogenous profiles. Importantly, the functional difficulties faced by children with LiD in relation to their test results indicated, to some extent, that commonly used assessments may not be adequately capturing the children's listening challenges. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12808607

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P.1.b.003 The correlation between self-rated stress response and short-term heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy females

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/s0924-977x(10)70276-5 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. S228-S229

Author(s):

J. Woo ◽

T. Kim ◽

J. Dimsdale

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Stress Response ◽

Short Term ◽

Healthy Females

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Short-term effects of milkshake containing polydextrose and maltodextrin on subjective feelings of appetite, energy intake and blood glucose in healthy females

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-02-2021-0082 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

İsmail Mücahit Alptekin ◽

Ece Erdoğan ◽

Aylin İşler ◽

Esma Cansu Yanalak ◽

Funda Pınar Çakiroğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽

Dietary Fibers ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Short Term ◽

Content Type ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Desire To Eat ◽

Healthy Females

Purpose Previous studies have reported that dietary fibers such as polydextrose and maltodextrin can reduce food intake; however, the studies on the differences of this effect are insufficient. The purpose of this paper is to compare the effects of dietary fibers maltodextrin and polydextrose on alterations of short-term satiety, energy intake and postprandial blood glucose in healthy females. Design/methodology/approach This study was designed as a randomized, crossover and double blind research. For this purpose, 21 healthy females consumed a milkshake containing 0 g (control), 15 g polydextrose (PDX) and 15 g maltodextrin (MDX), and an ad libitum lunch meal was served 150 min later. Subjective appetite scores (hunger, satiety, prospective food consumption and desire to eat) were measured using a visual analog scale. Appetite scores and blood glucose were measured before preload and once per 15 min after milkshake consumption. Findings Visual analog scale scores showed that PDX had an improved effect on satiety and hunger feelings. Compared to the control, dietary fiber increased the Area Under Curve (AUC) scores of satiety (p < 0.001) and decreased the AUC scores of hunger (p < 0.001), prospective food consumption (p < 0.001) and desire to eat (p < 0.001). Energy intake during ad libitum meal was significantly lower in PDX (Control: 862 (54.3) Kcal versus PDX: 679 (35.4) Kcal and MDX: 780 (49.3) Kcal. Moreover, the blood glucose levels were significantly lower in MDX. Originality/value This study conducted with healthy females demonstrated that PDX was more effective in inducing satiety during subsequent food intake, and that postprandial blood glucose were within more healthy levels in MDX.

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Clinical Utility of Surgical Lung Biopsy for Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Respiration ◽

10.1159/000519675 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Hashimoto ◽

Shota Yamamoto ◽

Hiroaki Nakagawa ◽

Yoshihiro Suido ◽

Shintaro Sato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Lung Biopsy ◽

Clinical Utility ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Short Term ◽

Surgical Lung Biopsy ◽

Short Term Mortality

Background: Surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is performed in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, its clinical utility remains unclear. Objectives: We categorized the pathological diagnoses and investigated the predictive value for short-term mortality. Method: Three electronic databases (MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched for the included studies. The QUADAS-2 was used to evaluate the risk of bias and its applicability. The types and populations of pathological diagnoses were investigated. The pooled sensitivity, positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR−), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were estimated at a fixed specificity. Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn. Results: A total of 16 studies that enrolled 758 patients were included. The pathological diagnoses were as follows: diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) 29.9%; infection 24.7%; interstitial lung disease 17.2%; malignancy 3.6%; cardiovascular disease 3.6%; drug toxicity 2.3%; connective tissue disease 2.2%; allergic disease 1.1%; and nonspecific diagnosis 15.4%. To predict short-term mortality, 13 studies that enrolled 613 patients used DAD as an index test and recorded a mortality rate of 56.9% (349 of 613 patients). A total of 3 studies that used index tests other than DAD were excluded. The pooled sensitivity, fixed specificity, LR+, LR−, and DOR were 0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29–0.56), 0.69, 1.48 (95% CI: 0.92–1.81), 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63–1.03), and 1.90 (95% CI: 0.89–2.86), respectively. Conclusions: SLB is unlikely to provide a specific diagnosis and should not be recommended for confirming DAD or predicting ARDS prognosis.

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Constrained Intentions

Socius Sociological Research for a Dynamic World ◽

10.1177/2378023116685334 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 237802311668533 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Claudia Geist ◽

Sarah Brauner-Otto

Keyword(s):

Fertility Intentions ◽

West Germany ◽

Group Differences ◽

Panel Analysis ◽

Short Term ◽

Men And Women ◽

East And West Germany ◽

Multiple Dimensions ◽

Short And Long Term

Using five waves of the German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics ( pairfam), we examine how economic circumstances are related to fertility intentions in childless young men and women in East and West Germany. We explore multiple dimensions of fertility intentions: short-term intentions for the next two years, long-term expectations about family size, and uncertainty about these short- and long-term intentions. Our findings suggest that economic circumstances constrain fertility intentions and increase uncertainty. Although fertility intentions differ between men and women and by region, the broad mechanisms that predict intentions are very similar across groups for long-term intentions and uncertainty. However, group differences emerge in short-term intentions.

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Methods of long-term and short-term adaptation for biometric image of keystroke dynamics

LAPLAGE EM REVISTA ◽

10.24115/s2446-6220202173d1737p.450-457 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3D) ◽

pp. 450-457

Author(s):

Dmitry V. Pashchenko ◽

Dmitry A. Trokoz ◽

Alexey I. Martyshkin ◽

Elena A. Balzannikova

Keyword(s):

Working Capacity ◽

Keystroke Dynamics ◽

Short Term ◽

User Identification ◽

New Device ◽

Short Term Adaptation ◽

Long Time

This article discusses one of the main problems of user identification by keyboard handwriting - short-term changes in the keystroke dynamics of users in connection with its psychophysical state, as well as changes over a long time associated with the formation of keystroke dynamics by a new user or when switching to a new device. A method for determining the phase of working capacity by the time characteristics of the keystroke dynamics is proposed.

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