Effect of Shock Wave Behavior On Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics of Oscillating Transonic Compressor Cascade

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiuliang Gan ◽  
Toshinori Watanabe ◽  
Takehiro Himeno
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Influence Coefficient ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Blade Vibration ◽  
Unsteady Pressure ◽  
Transonic Compressor ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamic

Abstract The unsteady behavior of the shock wave was studied in an oscillating transonic compressor cascade. The experimental measurement and corresponding numerical simulation were conducted on the cascade with different shock patterns based on influence coefficient method. The unsteady pressure distribution on blade surface was measured with fast-response pressuresensitive paint (PSP) to capture the unsteady aerodynamic force as well as the shock wave movement. It was found that the movement of shock waves in the neighboring flow passages of the oscillating blade was almost anti-phase between the two shock patterns, namely, the double shocks pattern and the merged shock pattern. It was also found that the amplitude of the unsteady pressure caused by the passage shock wave was very large under the merged shock pattern compared with the double shocks pattern. The stability of blade vibration was also analyzed for both shock patterns including 3-D flow effect. These findings were thought to shed light on the fundamental understanding of the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of oscillating cascade caused by the shock wave behavior.

Effect of Shock Wave Behavior on Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics of Oscillating Transonic Compressor Cascade

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiuliang Gan ◽  
Toshinori Watanabe ◽  
Takehiro Himeno
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Influence Coefficient ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Blade Vibration ◽  
Unsteady Pressure ◽  
Transonic Compressor ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamic

Abstract The unsteady behavior of the shock wave was studied in an oscillating transonic compressor cascade. The experimental measurement and corresponding numerical simulation were conducted on the cascade with different shock patterns based on influence coefficient method. The unsteady pressure distribution on blade surface was measured with fast-response pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) to capture the unsteady aerodynamic force as well as the shock wave movement. It was found that the movement of shock waves in the neighboring flow passages of the oscillating blade was almost anti-phase between the two shock patterns, namely, the double shocks pattern and the merged shock pattern. It was also found that the amplitude of the unsteady pressure caused by the passage shock wave was very large under the merged shock pattern compared with the double shocks pattern. The stability of blade vibration was also analyzed for both shock patterns including 3-D flow effect. These findings were thought to shed light on the fundamental understanding of the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of oscillating cascade caused by the shock wave behavior.

scholarly journals Aerodynamic Damping Characteristics of a Transonic Turbine Cascade

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuho Aotsuka ◽  
Toshinori Watanabe ◽  
Yasuo Machida
Keyword(s):  
Phase Angle ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Influence Coefficient ◽  
Suction Surface ◽  
Aerodynamic Damping ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamic ◽  
Design Case ◽  
Oscillation Instability

The unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of oscillating thin turbine blades were studied both experimentally and numerically to obtain the comprehensive knowledge on the aerodynamic damping of the blades operating in transonic flows. The experiment was carried out in a linear cascade tunnel by use of the influence coefficient method. The two flow conditions were adopted, namely, a near-design condition and an off-design condition with a higher back pressure. In the results for the near-design case, a strong vibration instability was observed in the positive side of the interblade phase angle. In the off-design case, however, the instability did not appear for almost all the interblade phase angles. A drastic change was found in the phase angle of unsteady aerodynamic force between the two cases, which change was a governing factor for the oscillation instability. Numerical simulation based on 2-D Euler equation revealed that the phase change came from the change in phase of the unsteady surface pressure across the shock impingement point on the blade suction surface in the off-design case. The numerical results also showed that the aerodynamic damping increased with increasing reduced frequency, and that the oscillation instability disappeared.

Unsteady Pressure Measurement on Oscillating Blade in Transonic Flow Using Fast-Response Pressure-Sensitive Paint

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshinori Watanabe ◽  
Toshihiko Azuma ◽  
Seiji Uzawa ◽  
Takehiro Himeno ◽  
Chihiro Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Surface Pressure ◽  
Transonic Flow ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Pressure Sensitive Paint ◽  
Unsteady Pressure ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Pressure Sensitive ◽  
Unsteady Surface Pressure ◽  
Response Pressure

A fast-response pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) technique was applied to the measurement of unsteady surface pressure of an oscillating cascade blade in a transonic flow. A linear cascade was used, and its central blade was oscillated in a translational manner. The unsteady pressure distributions of the oscillating blade and two stationary neighbors were measured using the fast-response PSP technique, and the unsteady aerodynamic force on the blade was obtained by integrating the data obtained on the pressures. The measurements made with the PSP technique were compared with those obtained by conventional methods for the purpose of validation. From the results, the PSP technique was revealed to be capable of measuring the unsteady surface pressure, which is used for flutter analysis in transonic conditions.

The Present Challenge of Transonic Compressor Blade Design

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hergt ◽  
J. Klinner ◽  
J. Wellner ◽  
C. Willert ◽  
S. Grund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Flow Behaviour ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Transonic Compressor ◽  
Flow Phenomena ◽  
Transonic Cascade

The flow through a transonic compressor cascade shows a very complex structure due to the occuring shock waves. In addition, the interaction of these shock waves with the blade boundary layer inherently leads to a very unsteady flow behaviour. The aim of the current investigation is to quantify this behaviour and its influence on the cascade performance as well as to describe the occuring transonic flow phenomena in detail. Therefore, an extensive experimental investigation of the flow in a transonic compressor cascade has been conducted within the transonic cascade wind tunnel of DLR at Cologne. In this process, the flow phenomena were thoroughly examined for an inflow Mach number of 1.21. The experiments investigate both, the laminar as well as the turbulent shock wave boundary layer interaction within the blade passage and the resulting unsteady behaviour. The experiments show a fluctuation range of the passage shock wave of about 10 percent chord for both cases, which is directly linked with a change of the inflow angle and of the operating point of the cascade. Thereafter, RANS simulations have been performed aiming at the verification of the reproducibility of the experimentally examined flow behavior. Here it is observed that the dominant flow effects are not reproduced by a steady numerical simulation. Therefore, a further unsteady simulation has been carried out in order to capture the unsteady flow behaviour. The results from this simulation show that the fluctuation of the passage shock wave can be reproduced but not in the correct magnitude. This leads to a remaining weak point within the design process of transonic compressor blades, because the working range will be overpredicted. The resulting conclusion of the study is that the use of scale resolving methods such as LES or the application of DNS is necessary to correctly predict unsteadiness of the transonic cascade flow and its impact on the cascade performance.

Steady-State and Time-Dependent Experimental Results of a NACA-3506 Cascade in an Annular Channel

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko Körbächer ◽  
Albin Bölcs
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Influence Coefficient ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Blade Vibration ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Institute Of Technology

An experimental investigation of the steady-state and time-dependent aerodynamic behaviour of a compressor cascade in a ring channel was conducted at the Laboratoire de thermique appliquée et de turbomachines (LTT) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne. The cascade consisted of 20 blades with a NACA-3506 profile, stagger angle of 40°, and solidity of 0.72 at midspan. Measurements were done for a number of incidence angles over a small range of inlet Mach numbers between ∼0.75 and ∼0.8 in order to examine the influence of an increasing angle of attack on the steady-state and time-dependent pressures. As the angle of attack increased a growing corner stall was observed at the hub and a supersonic zone appeared at the leading edge. The cascade was vibrated in bending mode with a constant amplitude at a reduced frequency of ∼0.42 at imposed interblade phase angles ranging from 0° to 324°, but also with each blade vibrating in a single blade vibration mode. The unsteady data showed that the cascade was in general damped with the minimum damping between ∼−36° to ∼+36° interblade phase angle for all examined incidence angles. The influence coefficient technique was used to identify the damping influence of each of the blades on itself (eigeninfluence) and of blades up and down the cascade (positive- and negative-sided) for different inlet incidence angles.

Experimental Investigation of the Aerodynamic Stability of an Annular Compressor Cascade Performing Tuned Pitching Oscillations in Transonic Flow

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hennings ◽  
J. Belz
Keyword(s):  
Transonic Flow ◽  
Suction Side ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Aerodynamic Stability ◽  
Pressure Transducers ◽  
Unsteady Pressure ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamic

A prerequisite for aeroelastic stability investigations on vibrating compressor cascades is the detailed knowledge of the unsteady aerodynamic loads acting on the blades. In order to obtain precise insight into the aerodynamic damping of a vibrating blade assembly, a basic experiment was performed where unsteady pressure distributions were measured for subsonic and transonic flow conditions. The experiments were performed on a non-rotating, two-dimensional section of a compressor cascade in an annular test facility. The cascade consists of 20 blades (NACA3506 profile) mounted on elastic spring suspensions. In order to measure the unsteady pressure distribution, the cascade was set to tuned pitching oscillations (traveling wave modes). Each blade was driven to controlled harmonic torsional motions around midchord by a magnetic excitation system and by inductive displacement probes which measure the feedback signal of the motion. Steady and unsteady pressures were measured by steady pressure taps and piezo-electric pressure transducers, respectively. The measurement of the unsteady aerodynamic response to a shock vibrating on the suction side of the blades was enabled by a dense spacing of transducers in this region. The global aerodynamic stability is assessed by a damping coefficient evaluated from the out-of-phase parts of the unsteady moment coefficients and by the contributions from the local work coefficient, using the measured pressure data.

Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics of Oscillating Cascade With Separation Bubble in High Subsonic Flow

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshinori Watanabe ◽  
Mizuho Aotsuka
Keyword(s):  
Subsonic Flow ◽  
Separation Bubble ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Influence Coefficient ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamic ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Influence Coefficient Method ◽  
Airfoil Blades ◽  
High Subsonic Flow

Unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of an oscillating cascade composed of DCA (Double Circular Arc airfoil) blades were studied both experimentally and numerically. The test cascade was operated in high subsonic flow fields with incidence angles up to 5 degrees. Above 3 degrees of the incidence, a separation bubble was produced at the leading edge. The principal concern of the present study was placed on the influence of the separated region on the vibration instability of the cascade blades. The experiment was conducted in a linear cascade wind tunnel in which seven DCA blades were equipped. The central one could be oscillated in a pitching mode. The influence coefficient method was adopted for the measurement, where the unsteady aerodynamic moments were measured on the central blade and neighboring ones. For the numerical analysis, a quasi 3-D N-S code with k–ε turbulence model was developed. The experimental and numerical results complemented each other to obtain detailed understanding of the unsteady aerodynamic behavior of the cascade. It was found that the separation bubble at the leading edge governed the vibration characteristics of blades through the oscillation of the separation bubble itself on the blade surfaces. From the results of parametric studies, the phase shift of the oscillation of the separation bubble was found to be a key factor for determining the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the oscillating blades.

The Present Challenge of Transonic Compressor Blade Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Hergt ◽  
J. Klinner ◽  
J. Wellner ◽  
C. Willert ◽  
S. Grund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Transonic Compressor ◽  
Flow Phenomena ◽  
Transonic Cascade

The flow through a transonic compressor cascade shows a very complex structure due to the occurring shock waves. In addition, the interaction of these shock waves with the blade boundary layer inherently leads to a very unsteady flow behavior. The aim of the current investigation is to quantify this behavior and its influence on the cascade performance as well as to describe the occurring transonic flow phenomena in detail. Therefore, an extensive experimental investigation of the flow in a transonic compressor cascade has been conducted within the transonic cascade wind tunnel of DLR Institute of Propulsion Technology at Cologne. In this process, the flow phenomena were thoroughly examined for an inflow Mach number of 1.21. The experiments investigate both the laminar and the turbulent shock wave boundary layer interaction within the blade passage and the resulting unsteady behavior. The experiments show a fluctuation range of the passage shock wave of about 10% chord for both cases, which is directly linked with a change of the inflow angle and of the operating point of the cascade. Thereafter, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations have been performed aiming at the verification of the reproducibility of the experimentally examined flow behavior. Here, it is observed that the dominant flow effects are not reproduced by a steady numerical simulation. Therefore, a further unsteady simulation has been carried out to capture the unsteady flow behavior. The results from this simulation show that the fluctuation of the passage shock wave can be reproduced but not in the correct magnitude. This leads to a remaining weak point within the design process of transonic compressor blades because the working range will be overpredicted. The resulting conclusion of this study is that the use of scale-resolving methods such as LES or the application of DNS is necessary to correctly predict unsteadiness of the transonic cascade flow and its impact on the cascade performance.

Analysis Method of NSV and Influence of Tip Clearance Flow Instabilities on NSV in an Axial Transonic Compressor Rotor

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-80
Author(s):  
Le Han ◽  
Dasheng Wei ◽  
Yanrong Wang ◽  
Xianghua Jiang ◽  
Xiaojie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Modal Shape ◽  
Blade Vibration ◽  
Tip Clearance Flow ◽  
Unsteady Pressure ◽  
Aerodynamic Damping ◽  
Transonic Compressor ◽  
Clearance Flow ◽  
Negative Damping

Abstract The relationship between tip clearance flow (TCF) and blade vibration in locked-in region is numerically investigated on a transonic rotor. The numerical method is verified by citing references. The phase of TCF changes with the operating condition. A separation method of the unsteady pressure caused by TCF and blade vibration is developed. The unsteady pressure during NSV is separated into the TCF and vibration components under 1B and 8th modes. The unsteady pressure of TCF is similar with that of rigid blade. The unsteady pressure of blade vibration is larger at part span, and its distribution depends on the modal shape and vibrating amplitude. The unsteady pressure of TCF and blade vibration determine the aerodynamic damping in locked-in region. The aerodynamic damping of TCF changes with the TCF phase. TCF provides positive damping at some phases and negative damping at other phases. The aerodynamic work of TCF and blade vibration increases linearly and at the rate of square with the vibrating amplitude, respectively. TCF is dominant in the initial stage of vibration. With the vibrating amplitude increasing, the aerodynamic work of vibration catches up gradually. NSV occurs when TCF provides negative damping and the unsteady pressure of vibration provides positive damping. If the work of vibration is negative, vibration will be enlarged until failure. The maximum amplitude of NSV canbe obtained by calculating the balance of work. For the 8th mode, the limit amplitude under 0ND is 0.0926%C corresponding to vibration stress of 60MPa.

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