scholarly journals Low NOx Combustion Systems for Burning Heavy Residual Fuels and High-Fuel-Bound Nitrogen Fuels

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. White ◽  
A. Batakis ◽  
R. T. LeCren ◽  
H. G. Yacobucci
Keyword(s):  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Technical Program ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Middle Distillate ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Thermal Nox ◽  
Nox Control ◽  
And Control

The work described in this paper is a part of the Department of Energy/Lewis Research Center (DOE/LeRC) “Advanced Conversion Technology” (ACT) project. The program is a multiple contract effort with funding provided by the Department of Energy and technical program management provided by NASA. LeRC. Environmentally acceptable operation with minimally processed petroleum based heavy residual and coal derived synthetic fuels requires advanced combustor technology. The technology described in this paper was developed under the DOE/ NASA Low NOx Heavy Fuel Combustor Concept Program (Contract DEN3-145). Novel combustor concepts were designed for dry reduction of thermal NOx, control of NOx from fuels containing high levels of organic nitrogen, and control of smoke from low hydrogen content fuels. These combustor concepts were tested by burning a wide variety of fuels including a middle distillate (ERBS), a petroleum based heavy residual, a coal derived synthetic (SRC-II), and various ratios of blends of these fuels.

Low NOx Combustion Systems for Burning Heavy Residual Fuels and High-Fuel-Bound Nitrogen Fuels

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. White ◽  
A. Batakis ◽  
R. T. LeCren ◽  
H. G. Yacobucci
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Technical Program ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Thermal Nox ◽  
Nox Control ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
And Control

The work described in this paper is a part of the Department of Energy/Lewis Research Center (DOE/LeRC) “Advanced Conversion Technology” (ACT) project. The program is a multiple contract effort with funding provided by the Department of Energy and technical program management provided by NASA LeRC. The increasingly critical situation concerning the world’s petroleum supply necessitates the investigation of alternate fuels for use in industrial gas turbines. Environmentally acceptable operation with minimally processed petroleum based heavy residual and coal derived synthetic fuels requires advanced combustor technology. The technology described in this paper was developed under the DOE/NASA Low NOx Heavy Fuel Combustor Concept Program (Contract DEN3-145). Novel combustor concepts were designed for dry reduction of thermal NOx, control of NOx from fuels containing high levels of organic nitrogen, and control of smoke from low hydrogen content fuels. These combustor concepts were tested by burning a wide variety of fuels including a middle distillate (ERBS), a petroleum based heavy residual, a coal derived synthetic (SRC-II), and various ratios of blends of these fuels which included nitrogen doping with pyridine. The results of these tests show promise that low NOx emissions and high efficiencies can be obtained over most of the operating range of a typical industrial gas turbine engine.

Low NOx and Fuel Flexible Gas Turbine Combustors

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Lew ◽  
S. M. DeCorso ◽  
G. Vermes ◽  
D. Carl ◽  
W. J. Havener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Flames ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Petroleum Distillate ◽  
Technical Program ◽  
Middle Distillate ◽  
Technology Project ◽  
Nitrogen Conversion ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Very High ◽  
Distillate Fuel

The work described in this paper is a part of the DOE/LeRC “Advanced Conversion Technology Project” (ACT). The program is a multiple contract effort with funding provided by the Department of Energy and technical program management provided by NASA LeRC. Testing has been done burning a petroleum distillate fuel (ERBS fuel), a coal derived fuel (SRC II middle distillate), a petroleum residual fuel, and various blends of these fuels. Measurements are made of NOx CO, and UHC emissions, and other measurements are made to evaluate combustor performance. Results to date indicate that rich-lean diffusion flames, with low fuel bound nitrogen conversion, are achievable with very high combustion efficiencies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Concepts for Controlling Exhaust Emissions From Minimally Processed Petroleum and Synthetic Fuels

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Russell ◽  
G. W. Beal ◽  
R. A. Sederquist ◽  
D. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Nasa Lewis Research ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Minimally Processed

The work described in this paper is a part of the Department of Energy/Lewis Research Center Advanced Conversion Technology (ACT) Project. The program is a multiple contract effort with funding provided by the DOE and technical management provided by the NASA-Lewis Research Center. Continued development of combustion technology is needed to provide utility and industrial gas turbine engines capable of sustained, environmentally acceptable operation when using minimally processed and synthetic fuels. This paper describes an exploratory development effort to identify, evaluate and demonstrate techniques for controlling emissions of Nox and smoke from combustors of stationary gas turbine engines. Preliminary results indicate rich primary zone staged combustion provides environmentally acceptable operation with residual and/or synthetic coal derived liquid fuels.

scholarly journals Low NOx Heavy Fuel Combustor Program

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Lister ◽  
R. W. Niedzwiecki ◽  
Lester Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Technical Program ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Technology Project ◽  
Fuel Flexibility ◽  
Fuel Oils ◽  
Petroleum Distillates ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons

The “Low NOx Heavy Fuel Combustor Program” is a part of the DOE/LeRC “Advanced Conversion Technology Project” (ACT). The program is a multiple contract effort with funding provided by the Department of Energy, and technical program management provided by NASA LeRC. Main program objectives are to generate and demonstrate the technology required to develop durable gas turbine combustors for utility and industrial applications, which are capable of sustained, environmentally acceptable operation with minimally processed petroleum residual fuels. The program will focus on “dry” reductions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), improved combustor durability and satisfactory combustion of minimally processed petroleum residual fuels. Other technology advancements sought include: fuel flexibility for operation with petroleum distillates, blends of petroleum distillates and residual fuels, and synfuels (fuel oils derived from coal or shale); acceptable exhaust emissions of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides and smoke; and retrofit capability to existing engines.

scholarly journals Low NOx and Fuel Flexible Gas Turbine Combustors

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Lew ◽  
S. M. DeCorso ◽  
G. Vermes ◽  
D. Carl ◽  
W. J. Havener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Flames ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Petroleum Distillate ◽  
Technical Program ◽  
Middle Distillate ◽  
Technology Project ◽  
Nitrogen Conversion ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Very High ◽  
Distillate Fuel

The work described in this paper is a part of the DOE/ LeRC “Advanced Conversion Technology Project” (ACT). The program is a multiple contract effort with funding provided by the Department of Energy, and technical program management provided by NASA LeRC. Testing has been done burning a petroleum distillate fuel (ERBS fuel), a coal derived fuel (SRC II middle distillate), a petroleum residual fuel, and various blends of these fuels. Measurements are made of NOx CO, and UHC emissions, and other measurements are made to evaluate combustor performance. Results to date indicate that rich-lean diffusion flames, with low fuel bound nitrogen conversion, are achievable with very high combustion efficiencies.

Control Technology Research on Low-NOx Combustion System in Large-Scale Coal-Fired Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 730-733
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Wei Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Nox Control

The mechanism of NOx formation in coal combustion, NOx control methods and key DeNOx technologies is to be introduced. Denitrification is very significant for saving energy and carbon sources. By analysis of NOx production mechanism, the principles of controlling NOx production and lowering emission of NOx by classified combustion are described. Combined with actual operation, low-NOx combustion rehabilitation programs and relevant test to be done is to be proposed. The actual operation of the unit achieved good results after the transformation, provide a reference for similar units.

TARGETING SPILL PREVENTION AND CONTROL TRAINING TO THE RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL

1979 ◽  
Vol 1979 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-203
Author(s):  
George R. Oberholtzer ◽  
James T. Acuff
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
State University ◽  
Corpus Christi ◽  
Spill Control ◽  
Location Methods ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT In 1975, a contract was initiated between the Energy Research and Development Administration (now incorporated into the Department of Energy) and Texas A&I University at Corpus Christi (now Corpus Christi State University) to develop a training program for a broad-based cross section of citizens in oil spill control and cleanup. Development of course materials was completed and the first class held in October 1977; this one week course is presented about 20 times a year at Corpus Christi, Texas. This paper addresses the methods determined to be most efficient to train persons involved in various levels of an organization. Factors which in our experience may influence the effectiveness of this training include: location, methods of presentation, and composition of the class. The final portion of the paper relates these findings to our training program and the response of the students to this learning experience. These concepts may prove useful to management in efficiently allocating their resources so as to provide the highest level of expertise possible. In the final analysis, this should result in better pollution prevention or, when required, reduced costs of spill cleanup.

Instrumentation and Controls Design and Maintenance Strategy for Small Modular Reactors

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex H. Hashemian ◽  
Hash M. Hashemian ◽  
Tommy C. Thomasson ◽  
Jeffrey R. Kapernick
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Forced Flow ◽  
Small Modular Reactors ◽  
And Control

Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) under design and development today are working to crystallize the measurements that must be made to control the reactor and monitor its safety. Traditionally, temperature, pressure, level, flow, and neutron flux are measured in conventional nuclear reactors for operation and control and to protect against equipment and process deviations that can affect safety. In most current SMR designs, essentially the same process variables may have to be measured; especially primary coolant flow depending on whether the core cooling and heat transfer results from natural circulation or forced flow. The flow can be measured directly or inferred from other measurements or estimated through empirical or physical modeling. The conventional sensors that are qualified for nuclear services and are currently used in nuclear power plants may or may not be suitable for SMRs. It all depends on the size and qualification requirements, installation details, static and dynamic performance specifications, wiring details, and sensor life expectancy. This paper will explore the possibilities that exist for SMRs to use today’s sensors and any need for new sensor designs. In addition, the paper will identify new means for automated monitoring of instrumentation and control (I&C) sensor performance in SMRs. In particular, the existing array of online calibration monitoring techniques and in-situ response time measurement methods will be evaluated for implementation in SMRs. This is important at this early stage as SMRs can easily build provisions in their mechanical, electrical, and I&C designs to accommodate online and automated I&C maintenance. For example, it is envisioned that SMRs will not be performing periodic sensor calibrations using classical hands-on procedures. Rather, SMRs are expected to be equipped with new technologies to verify the I&C performance automatically and flag the sensors and systems to be calibrated, response time tested, repaired, or replaced. The paper will explore these possibilities and will report on a current R&D project that is underway at AMS with funding from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) with the goal to adapt the existing online monitoring (OLM) technologies for implementation in SMRs. The existing OLM technologies have been used by AMS in commercial nuclear power plants and research reactors for monitoring of I&C equipment performance including calibration, response time, detection of sensing line blockages, and to distinguish whether a signal anomaly is due to cables/connectors, electromagnetic interference, an end device being a sensor or a pump, other rotating equipment, etc.

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