scholarly journals On the Concept of Durability in Evaluation of Equipment Life-Cycle Cost

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor S. Ondryas
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Equipment Selection ◽  
The Difference

In the increasingly competitive global marketplace the users of industrial products face the challenge of predicting accurate life-cycle costs of their equipment and machinery. The deregulation of many industries resulted in inability of operating companies to pass over to the customer the increased costs of their products, which may have been caused by inaccurate predictions of the equipment operating costs. This evolution in the 1980’s have emphasized the need for accurate predictions of the equipment operating costs and have meant the difference between profit and loss. This paper presents the concept of equipment Durability to be used in the process of evaluation the equipment life cycle cost and subsequent equipment selection. It is also the first part or primer to the paper which describes the Durability Surveillance Program on the Advanced Gas Turbines sponsored by EPRI titled “Durability Surveillance Program on the Advanced Gas Turbine GE Frame 7 F” (1).

A Method of Evaluating Life Cycle Costs of Industrial Gas Turbines

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-641
Author(s):  
R. B. Spector
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
New Criterion

When aeroderivative gas turbines were first introduced into industrial service, the prime criterion for assessing the “relative value” of equipment was derived by dividing the initial (or capital) cost of the equipment by the number of kilowatts produced. The use of “dollars per kilowatt” as an assessment parameter emanated from the utility sector and is still valid providing that the turbomachinery units under consideration possess similar performance features with regard to thermal efficiency. Second-generation gas turbines being produced today possess thermal efficiencies approximately 45 percent greater than those previously available. Thus, a new criterion is required to provide the purchaser with a better “value” perspective to differentiate the various types of turbomachinery under consideration. This paper presents a technique for combining the initial cost of equipment with the costs of fuel consumed, applied labor, and parts to arrive at an assessment parameter capable of comparing the relative merits of varying types of turbomachinery. For simplicity, this paper limits the life cycle cost derivation and discussion to turbogenerator units; however, the principles of this type of life cycle analysis can also be applied to gas turbines in mechanical drive applications and/or combined cycles.

scholarly journals Desktop Failure Analysis on a Microcomputer Using Weibull, Lognormal and Renewal Data

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Byers
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Typical Case ◽  
Central Computer ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Lognormal Probability

Gas turbine components and parts are widely known to have many failure modes for which the failures correlate in either the Weibull or Lognormal probability distributions. This paper describes a typical case which is handled by the new computer programs now being used by the U. S. Navy. These programs have brought the capability to make such analyses directly to the designer or analysts desk instead of having to be sent off to a central computer to wait in line. The programs are interactive with the user and extremely user friendly. Uses are expanding to cover almost every area in the life cycle of gas turbines where it would be beneficial to forecast future failures. This makes the programs useful to managers, logisticians, life cycle cost analysts, and a host of others. Wide applicability of the methods assures usage outside of the gas turbine field.

scholarly journals Probabilistic and Fuzzy Approaches for Estimating the Life Cycle Costs of Buildings under Conditions of Exposure to Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Plebankiewicz ◽  
Wiesław Meszek ◽  
Krzysztof Zima ◽  
Damian Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Model Structure ◽  
Fuzzy Approach ◽  
Comparison Analysis

The paper discusses issues related to life cycle costs in construction. Life cycle cost is a key element in the assessment of environmental sustainability in construction and it provides a tool for the economic evaluation of alternative sustainability options exhibiting different capital, operating costs or resource usage. The authors reviewed selected models of estimating life cycle costs in construction, drew attention to the complex mathematical models developed so far, namely those which take into account only financial risks and those which involve the possibility of the influence of other risk factors and described the main assumptions accompanying the original model for estimating the whole life costs of buildings, including: reasons for choosing theory of possibility, division and parametrization of input data. The aim of this paper is to confirm the validity of the model structure assumptions adopted by the authors by comparing the originally selected fuzzy approach to calculating life cycle costs taking into account the risk with the probabilistic approach, as well as indicating the domain in which the probabilistic approach will complement the fuzzy approach chosen by the authors. The paper presents a comparison analysis of two approaches used in the authors’ model, a fuzzy and a probabilistic approach, recommended by the ISO standard 15686-5:2008. The authors used the Oracle Crystall Ball software in their simulations.

Desktop Failure Analysis on a Microcomputer Using Weibull, Lognormal, and Renewal Data

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-236
Author(s):  
J. L. Byers
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Typical Case ◽  
Central Computer ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Lognormal Probability

Gas turbine components and parts are widely known to have many failure modes for which the failures correlate in either the Weibull or Lognormal probability distributions. This paper describes a typical case, which is handled by the new computer programs now being used by the U. S. Navy. These programs have brought the capability to make such analyses directly to the designer or analyst’s desk instead of having to be sent off to a central computer to wait in line. The programs are interactive with the user and extremely user friendly. Uses are expanding to cover almost every area in the life cycle of gas turbines where it would be beneficial to forecast future failures. This makes the programs useful to managers, logisticians, life cycle cost analysts, and a host of others. Wide applicability of the methods assures usage outside of the gas turbine field.

Continued Enhancement of SGT-600 Gas Turbine Design and Maintenance

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Navrotsky ◽  
Mats Blomstedt ◽  
Niklas Lundin ◽  
Claes Uebel
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Reliability And Availability

Current power generation and oil & gas markets are dynamic with continuously growing requirements on gas turbines for high reliability and availability and low emissions and life cycle cost. In order to meet these growing requirements on the gas turbines, the OEM should sustain continued product improvement and employment of innovative solutions and technologies in the area of design, operation and maintenance. This paper describes the successful development and operation experiences of SGT-600 Siemens’ medium size gas turbine and in particular the latest achievements in maintenance and life cycle improvements. High reliability and availability of SGT-600 gas turbine were enabled by further improvements and modifications of the combustor, compressor turbine blade 1 and vane 1, power turbine diffuser and control system. The developed modifications enable operators to utilize the opportunity: • to extend the life cycle of the engine beyond 120,000 EOH (Equivalent Operating Hours), up to 180,000 EOH, depending on the previous operation profile and history of the installation; • to extend the maintenance intervals from 20,000 EOH to 30,000 EOH and that to increase the availability of the engine by up to 1%; • to reduce the emission level to the latest SGT-600 standards.

scholarly journals Design of Advanced Coal-Fired Gas Turbine Locomotives

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney G. Liddle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines

A study was made of 526 advanced coal-fired locomotive concepts of which 182 used gas turbine engines. This paper summarizes the results of the gas turbine portion of the study. Fifteen forms of coal including coal derived liquids, 15 different combustors, and five types of gas turbine engines were investigated. The principal means of comparing the different engines is by their life-cycle costs. The reason for this approach is that the greatest attraction of coal-fired locomotives is their low operating costs relative to that of Diesel-electric locomotives now in use. Many of the coal-fired locomotives have half the life-cycle costs of comparable Diesel-electrics. Although the analysis was made for conditions in the United States, the results are applicable to other countries.

Economic Considerations for a New Gas Turbine System in the U.S. Navy

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
J. C. Ness ◽  
C. B. Franks ◽  
R. L. Sadala
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Support System ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
System Development ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Cost Item ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
New System

During the phases of a U.S. Navy acquisition program for any new system, such as a gas turbine system, various analyses are conducted to evaluate the economic and technical benefits that can be gained by the new system. It is important that the economic analyses provide a good estimation of the nonrecurring and recurring costs. For the development of a new gas turbine system, a test program to prove the system’s technical and operational capability will have to be conducted and a support system will have to be developed to operate and maintain it during its life cycle. The costs of the engine development, the test program, and the support system development are considered nonrecurring or investment costs. The operation and maintenance costs over the life of the system are the recurring costs. This paper presents the life cycle cost scenario that should be used to evaluate the economics of a U.S. Navy marine gas turbine and the considerations that should be included in a Return on Investment analysis of the engine. The major cost categories discussed include engineering, logistics support, program management, and deployment support. Also, the unique considerations that would apply to marine gas turbines for Naval use are discussed along with how these considerations affect the economics of a gas turbine acquisition program. In addition, the paper identifies the funding responsibility of each cost item and provides discussion on ways to reduce the investment cost.

Heavy-Duty Gas Turbines-A Viable Marine Propulsion Option

1973 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 270-283
Author(s):  
R. Bruce Woodruff
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Waste Heat Boiler ◽  
Marine Propulsion ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Steam Plant

Heavy-duty industrial gas turbines are suggested as an alternative propulsion plant to consider for ships, particularly ships of large displacement that are not volume limited. This paper examines the use of such a plant in a naval auxiliary, the Fast Combat Support Ship (AOE-1, Sacramento Class). The cycle discussed is of the combined gas turbine and steam cycle. The inlet to the compressor is supercharged and then intercooled, allowing the gas turbine to perform at significantly higher than rated power levels. Two controllable-pitch propellers at 50,000 shp each are used to drive the ship. Exhaust from the turbine is used to generate steam in an unfired waste-heat boiler. Reliability, maintainability, life-cycle costs and manning are addressed for comparison with the presently installed steam plant.

Gas Turbine Inlet Filtration System Life Cycle Cost Analysis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Wilcox ◽  
Klaus Brun
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Lifetime Cost ◽  
Life Cycle Cost Analysis ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
System Life

Gas turbine inlet filtration systems play an important role in the operation and life of gas turbines. There are many factors that must be considered when selecting and installing a new filtration system or upgrading an existing system. The filter engineer must consider the efficiency of the filtration system, particles sizes to be filtered, the maintenance necessary over the life of the filtration system, acceptable pressure losses across the filtration system, required availability and reliability of the gas turbine, and how the filtration system affects this, washing schemes for the turbine, and the initial cost of any new filtration systems or upgrades. A life cycle cost analysis provides a fairly straightforward method to analyze the lifetime costs of inlet filtration systems, and it provides a method to directly compare different filter system options. This paper reviews the components of a gas turbine inlet filtration system life cycle cost analysis and discusses how each factor can be quantified as a lifetime cost. In addition, an example analysis, which is used to select a filtration system for a new gas turbine installation, is presented.

scholarly journals A Method of Evaluating Life Cycle Costs of Industrial Gas Turbines

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Spector
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Turbo Generator ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Turbo Machinery ◽  
New Criterion

When aero-derivative gas turbines were first introduced into industrial service, the prime criterion for assessing the “relative value” of equipment was derived hy dividing the initial (or capital) cost of the equipment by the number of kilowatts produced. The use of “dollars per kilowatt” as an assessment parameter emanated from the utility sector and is still valid providing that the turbo-machinery units under consideration possess similar performance features with regard to thermal efficiency. Second generation gas turbines being produced today possess thermal efficiencies approximately forty-five percent greater than those previously available. Thus, a new criterion is required to provide the purchaser with a better “value” perspective to differentiate the various types of turbo-machinery under consideration. This paper presents a technique of combining the initial cost of equipment with the costs of fuel consumed, applied labor and parts to arrive at an assessment parameter capable of comparing the relative merits of varying types of turbo-machinery. For simplicity, this paper limits the life cycle cost derivation and discussion to turbo-generator units; however, the principles of this type of life cycle analysis can also be applied to gas turbines in mechanical drive applications and/or combined cycles.

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