Disturbance Observer Based Control Design for Wind Turbine Speed Regulation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Jiong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Disturbance Observer ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Model Mismatch ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Power Regulation ◽  
Turbine Speed

Disturbance observer based (DOB) control has been implemented in motion control to reject unknown or time-varying disturbances. In this research, an internal model-based disturbance observer (DOB) design combined with a PID type feedback controller is formulated for wind turbine speed and power regulation. The DOB controller facilitates model-based estimation and cancellation of disturbance using an inner feedback control loop. The disturbance observer combined with a compensator is further designed to deal with the model mismatch. The proposed method is applied to National Renewable Energy laboratory (NREL) offshore 5-MW wind turbine. Our case studies show that the DOB controller can achieve improved speed and power regulation compared to the baseline PID controller, and exhibit excellent robustness under different turbulent wind fields.

Disturbance Observer-Based Pitch Control of Wind Turbines for Enhanced Speed Regulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
X. Chen ◽  
J. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Disturbance Observer ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Guaranteed Stability ◽  
Linearized Model

Time-varying unknown wind disturbances influence significantly the dynamics of wind turbines. In this research, we formulate a disturbance observer (DOB) structure that is added to a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback controller, aiming at asymptotically rejecting disturbances to wind turbines at above-rated wind speeds. Specifically, our objective is to maintain a constant output power and achieve better generator speed regulation when a wind turbine is operated under time-varying and turbulent wind conditions. The fundamental idea of DOB control is to conduct internal model-based observation and cancelation of disturbances directly using an inner feedback control loop. While the outer-loop PID controller provides the basic capability of suppressing disturbance effects with guaranteed stability, the inner-loop disturbance observer is designed to yield further disturbance rejection in the low frequency region. The DOB controller can be built as an on–off loop, that is, independent of the original control loop, which makes it easy to be implemented and validated in existing wind turbines. The proposed algorithm is applied to both linearized and nonlinear National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) offshore 5-MW baseline wind turbine models. In order to deal with the mismatch between the linearized model and the nonlinear turbine, an extra compensator is proposed to enhance the robustness of augmented controller. The application of the augmented DOB pitch controller demonstrates enhanced power and speed regulations in the above-rated region for both linearized and nonlinear plant models.

Disturbance Attenuation Using Proportional-Integral-Observer for Wind Turbine Speed Regulation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson G. Njiri ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Dirk Söffker
Keyword(s):  
Disturbance Rejection ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Disturbance Attenuation ◽  
Control Performance ◽  
Proportional Integral ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Power Regulation ◽  
System States ◽  
Turbine Speed ◽  
Estimate System

In this paper high-gain Proportional-Integral-Observer (PI-Observer) is used to estimate system states and wind disturbances. To guarantee the robustness and the desired performance, a disturbance rejection scheme is employed to compensate these disturbances. The proposed method realizes speed/power regulation during high wind regime. Control performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated against a baseline collective pitch controller (CPC). The results show that the proposed method can maintain fairly constant power/rotor speed without inducing extra load on the rotor.

Design of State-Space-Based Control Algorithms for Wind Turbine Speed Regulation

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan D. Wright ◽  
Mark J. Balas
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
State Space ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Pole Placement ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Full Load Operation ◽  
Turbine Speed

Control can improve the performance of wind turbines by enhancing energy capture and reducing dynamic loads. At the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, we are beginning to design control algorithms for regulation of turbine speed and power using state-space control designs. In this paper, we describe the design of such a control algorithm for regulation of rotor speed in full-load operation (Region 3) for a two-bladed wind turbine. We base our control design on simple linear models of a turbine, which contain rotor and generator rotation, drive train torsion, rotor flap (first mode only), and tower fore-aft degrees of freedom (DOFs). Wind-speed fluctuations are accounted for using Disturbance Accommodating Control (DAC). We show the capability of these control schemes to stabilize the modeled turbine modes via pole placement, while using state estimation to reduce the number of turbine measurements that are needed for these algorithms. These controllers are incorporated into a simulation code and simulated for various conditions. Finally, conclusions to this work and future studies are outlined.

Design of State-Space-Based Control Algorithms for Wind Turbine Speed Regulation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan D. Wright ◽  
Mark J. Balas
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
State Space ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Pole Placement ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Full Load Operation ◽  
Turbine Speed ◽  
Speed Fluctuations

Control can improve the performance of wind turbines by enhancing energy capture and reducing dynamic loads. At the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, we are beginning to design control algorithms for regulation of turbine speed and power using state-space control designs. In this paper, we describe the design of such a control algorithm for regulation of rotor speed in full-load operation (region 3) for a two-bladed wind turbine. We base our control design on simple linear models of a turbine, which contain rotor and generator rotation, drivetrain torsion, and rotor flap degrees of freedom (first mode only). We account for wind-speed fluctuations using disturbance-accommodating control. We show the capability of these control schemes to stabilize the modeled turbine modes via pole placement, while using state estimation to reduce the number of turbine measurements that are needed for these control algorithms. We incorporate these controllers into the FAST_AD code and show simulation results for various conditions. Finally we report conclusions to this work and outline future studies.

Optimal tuning of multivariable disturbance‐observer‐based control for flicker mitigation using individual pitch control of wind turbine

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1121-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Muhammad Imran ◽  
Dil Muhammad Akbar Hussain ◽  
Mohsen Soltani ◽  
Raja Muhammad Rafaq
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Disturbance Observer ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Optimal Tuning ◽  
Individual Pitch Control

Design and application of an optimally tuned PID controller for DC motor speed regulation via a novel hybrid Lévy flight distribution and Nelder–Mead algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 014233122110196
Author(s):  
Davut Izci
Keyword(s):  
Pid Controller ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Cuckoo Search ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Cuckoo Search Algorithm ◽  
Lévy Flight ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Levy Flight ◽  
Speed Regulation

This paper deals with the design of an optimally performed proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller utilized for speed control of a direct current (DC) motor. To do so, a novel hybrid algorithm was proposed which employs a recent metaheuristic approach, named Lévy flight distribution (LFD) algorithm, and a simplex search method known as Nelder–Mead (NM) algorithm. The proposed algorithm (LFDNM) combines both LFD and NM algorithms in such a way that the good explorative behaviour of LFD and excellent local search capability of NM help to form a novel hybridized version that is well balanced in terms of exploration and exploitation. The promise of the proposed structure was observed through employment of a DC motor with PID controller. Optimum values for PID gains were obtained with the aid of an integral of time multiplied absolute error objective function. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, comparative simulations were carried out using cuckoo search algorithm, genetic algorithm and original LFD algorithm. The system behaviour was assessed through analysing the results for statistical and non-parametric tests, transient and frequency responses, robustness, load disturbance, energy and maximum control signals. The respective evaluations showed better performance of the proposed approach. In addition, the better performance of the proposed approach was also demonstrated through experimental verification. Further evaluation to demonstrate better capability was performed by comparing the LFDNM-based PID controller with other state-of-the-art algorithms-based PID controllers with the same system parameters, which have also confirmed the superiority of the proposed approach.

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