Energy Storage and Waste Heat Recovery: A Synergistic Effect Benefiting Renewable Energy

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Peterson ◽  
Robbie Ingram-Goble ◽  
Kevin J. Harada ◽  
Hailei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Low Grade Heat

In order for renewable energy to displace 20% or more of the conventional power generating base without depending on significant hot spinning reserves, reliable and cost effective energy storage will be needed at the utility scale. Developing and deploying practical energy storage at this level is a major challenge and no single technology appears to have a dominant position. Storing electrical energy by way of thermal storage at moderate-to-low temperatures has not received much attention in the past. In fact, the conventional thinking is that heat pump/heat engine mediated energy storage is too inefficient (round trip efficiency of 30% or lower) to be practical. However, an innovative and efficient storage approach is proposed in this paper by incorporating sensible heat storage in a Rankine-type heat pump/heat engine cycle to increase the round trip efficiency. Furthermore, by using a source of waste (or otherwise low-grade) heat, round trip efficiencies can be enhanced further. Currently, there appears to be no significant linkage between waste heat recovery and grid-level energy storage, although the market opportunity for each is considerable. Using the thermal approach described here, a system can be created that uses very low-grade heat in the range between 50 to 70 °C. Furthermore, conventional technology can be used to implement the system where no extreme conditions are present anywhere in the cycle. Hence, it is thought to have advantages over other energy storage concepts being developed.

Volumetric expanders for low grade heat and waste heat recovery applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 1090-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Byung-Sik Park ◽  
Dong-Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Grade Heat

scholarly journals Low-Grade Waste Heat Recovery via an Osmotic Heat Engine by Using a Freestanding Graphene Oxide Membrane

ACS Omega ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 15501-15509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Tong ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Su Liu ◽  
Haiping Gao ◽  
Runlong Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Oxide Membrane

scholarly journals A record thermoelectric efficiency in tellurium-free modules for low-grade waste heat recovery

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonglin Bu ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
Yixin Hu ◽  
Zhiwei Chen ◽  
Siqi Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermoelectric Efficiency ◽  
Low Grade Heat

AbstractLow-grade heat accounts for >50% of the total dissipated heat sources in industries. An efficient recovery of low-grade heat into useful electricity not only reduces the consumption of fossil-fuels but also releases the subsequential environmental-crisis. Thermoelectricity offers an ideal solution, yet low-temperature efficient materials have continuously been limited to Bi2Te3-alloys since the discovery in 1950s. Scarcity of tellurium and the strong property anisotropy cause high-cost in both raw-materials and synthesis/processing. Here we demonstrate cheap polycrystalline antimonides for even more efficient thermoelectric waste-heat recovery within 600 K than conventional tellurides. This is enabled by a design of Ni/Fe/Mg3SbBi and Ni/Sb/CdSb contacts for both a prevention of chemical diffusion and a low interfacial resistivity, realizing a record and stable module efficiency at a temperature difference of 270 K. In addition, the raw-material cost  to the output power ratio in this work is reduced to be only 1/15 of that of conventional Bi2Te3-modules.

Nearly Reversible Heat Engines for Thermal Storage of Excess Electric Power

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. Levine ◽  
Klaus S. Lackner ◽  
Vijay Modi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Stirling Cycle ◽  
Storage Technologies

Efficient and affordable energy storage technologies would enable greater use of electricity generation with low operating but high capital cost. Such generating plants must maximize their utilization to spread capital cost over as much output as possible. Without affordable storage capacity their penetration into the market is limited to base load. Intermittent solar and wind power, which at times are simply not available, suffer even more than baseline power plants from the lack of affordable storage technologies. With the exception of pumped hydro-storage, energy storage is too expensive, suffering from low energy density in storage and low round-trip efficiency. Low grade thermal storage with temperature differences of up to about 100°C could achieve storage densities far in excess of that in most pumped storage facilities while avoiding the costs associated with high temperature operations. Roundtrip efficiency, defined as the ratio of the electric output from a heat engine driven by stored thermal energy to the electric input used to drive a heat pump to store the thermal energy, can approach 100% as the heat pump and the heat engine both approach Carnot efficiency. This theoretical limit is independent of the temperature difference between the heat reservoirs. Roundtrip efficiencies of at least 70 to 80% are necessary for energy storage to be economically competitive with higher priced electricity sources. This high round trip efficiency implies that both the heat engine and the heat pump would have to operate at 85 to 90% of the efficiency of a reversible engine. The most promising practical engines for such high efficiency are based on the Stirling cycle. This paper discusses a variation of the Stirling cycle aimed at large, slow units optimized for high efficiency far in excess of the Curzon-Ahlborn efficiency, which results from maximizing the power of the engine. This tradeoff in favor of efficiency over power output demands extreme simplicity in design, as the size of the engine is far larger than that of conventional engines optimized for power throughput. The goal of the paper is to show that low-grade thermal energy storage could provide a viable alternative to regionally limited pumped hydro-storage as long as the design challenges explained in the paper can be overcome. Given the current lack of cost-effective, scalable energy storage systems, thermal storage technology could have a profound impact on future energy infrastructures.

Waste Heat Recovery From Porous LPG Gas Burner Used for Cooking

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayana Vijesh Ravindran ◽  
ArulmozhiVarman Seetharaman
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Heat Surface ◽  
Participating Media ◽  
Low Grade Heat ◽  
Copper Coil

Generally in cooking devices three modes of heat transfer takes place (conduction, convection and radiation). Heat is transferred to the utensils mainly due to conduction and convection. A considerable amount of heat in the form of radiation is dissipated to the surroundings. The purpose of this project is to recover this waste heat. Surface radiation without participating media is considered in this study. Hence, copper coil is used to absorb the radiant heat and transfer it to water which run through the coil. This low temperature recovery water can be used for cooking or to keep the food hot packed or other similar low grade heat applications.

scholarly journals Theoretical evaluation of different high-temperature heat pump configurations for low-grade waste heat recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Mateu-Royo ◽  
Joaquín Navarro-Esbrí ◽  
Adrián Mota-Babiloni ◽  
Marta Amat-Albuixech ◽  
Francisco Molés
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
High Temperature Heat Pump
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